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A Passage to India colonialism and imperialism
A Passage to India colonialism and imperialism
Imperialism in india
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Compare and contrast the ‘Indian Mutiny’ and the Taiping rebellion as indigenous reactions to globalization.
The Indian Mutiny (1857-1858) and Taiping Rebellion (1850-1864) were a result of Britain’s desire for a global empire. This desire is called globalization and is defined by John Darwin in his work as, “The growth of global connectedness.” With the help of new technologies and appealing goods, Britain was successful in connecting their world to the Asian world during the 19th Century. For a long time, the British wanted to move deeper into the India and China to improve their global influence. Merchants disliked restraints on trade, missionaries wanted to convert more people to Christianity, and sailors demanded more ports for docking. Once India and China were influenced by the British Empire, they reacted to the globalization in two specifically different ways that also had many similarities. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the Indian Mutiny and Chinese Taiping Rebellion as indigenous reactions to globalization in the following areas: British influence, religion and education, economics and socio-politics. Both the Taiping rebellion and the Indian Mutiny were reactions against globalization in the form of British imperialism, but the Taiping rebellion took its inspiration from Western ideas and attacked Chinese traditions, while the Indian Mutiny was an assault on British invasion and an attempt to preserve their traditional culture.
The Taiping rebellion was not a rebellion against foreign authorities like that of the British, but an upheaval against local authority after western ideas were introduced into the Chinese culture. The Rebellion was a civil war led by Christian convert Hong Xiuquan ag...
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...estern modernity into non-industrial Asia was inevitable, how indigenous populations decided to deal with globalization was however the key to their future.
Work Cited
Darwin, John. After Tamerlane: The Rise and Fall of Global Empires, 1400-2000. New York: Bloomsbury Press, 2008.
Hong Xiuquan. "Voices from the Heavenly Kingdom." In Meridians Sources in World History., edited by Mark Kishlansky. Boston, MA: Pearson Custom Publishing, 2010.
Khan, Syed Ahmed. "The Causes of the Indian Revolt." In Meridians: Sources in World History., edited by Mark Kishlansky, New York: Pearson Learning Solutions, 2010.
Metcalf, Thomas. The Aftermath of the Revolt. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1964.
"The Onrush of Modern Globalization in China." In Globalization in World History, edited by A. G. Hopkins, by Hans Van De Ven, New York: Norton, 2002.
Not only did the inequality and separation of the Indian society frustrate the citizens of India, but the imperialism Britain had upon them as well. In the early 20th century, Indian nationalists wanted to take a stand against the British rule and make India independent. The British created unfair laws that created a nationalist movement in India to regain their freedom. He believed that there should not be a Caste System because of one’s birth.
Beck, Roger B., Linda Black, Larry S. Krieger, Phillip C. Naylor, and Dahia I. Shabaka, eds. World History: Patterns of Interaction. New York: McDougal Little, 2009. 128-31. Print.
The origins of globalization can be traced many centuries back; however the initial date remains a highly controversial issue amongst historians to this day. Nonetheless, one fact is coherent; it played a big influence during the formation of collective identity group’s legacies. In addition, European monarchs also impacted many cultural groups through their quest for imperialism during the “Age of Discovery”. The following quote does an excellent job illustrating the consequences of European expansion. “Europe’s encounter with and treatment of the world’s tribal people is, a tale of extraordinary human achievement in adversity, conferring on the victors much of the possession of the worlds resources.” To reiterate, European expansion was
Beck, Roger B., Linda Black, Larry S. Krieger, Philip C. Naylor, and Dahia Ibo Shabaka. McDougal Littell World History: Patterns of Interaction. Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell, 1999. Print.
This model dispersed as absolute monarchs were seeing the world change from when the Sun King reigned (491). Works Cited Coffin, Judith G., et al. Western Civilizations: Their History & Their Culture. 17th ed. of the year.
Howe, Helen, and Robert T. Howe. A World History: Ancient and Medieval Worlds. Volume 1. White Plains, NY: Longman, 1992. 533.
James, Lawrence. Raj: The Making and Unmaking of British India. New York: St. Martin's, 1998. Print.
C.A.Bayly, Indian Society: and the making of the British Empire,(Cambridge: University of Cambridge Press, 1998
Ellis, Elizabeth Gaynor, and Anthony Esler. World History: The Modern Era. Boston: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007. Print.
The British considered Indian civilization to be inferior and implemented their western ways, overriding ancient Indian customs. Nevertheless, it cannot be denied that British imperialism in India resulted in both positive as well as negative reforms in political, economic and social aspects of its new colony. To begin with, one can observe that the British colonizers did indeed improve Indian civilization by developing means of communication and transport. They built a great number of bridges, over 40,000 miles of railway and paving an astounding 70,000 miles of road (Doc. 4. The adage of the adage.
Under the administration of the Marquess of Dalhousie (Governor-General 1848-56), the last of the independent Indian states, including the wealthy Muslim state of Oudh, were annexed by the British. To consolidate this new territory, some degree of Westernisation was introduced: an Indian railway and road system was developed and the first three Indian universities were founded, creating a tier of higher-caste men educated according to the British system but not fully incorporated into those careers of civil service and army awaiting them. Child marriage and the practice of suttee previously had been abolished and, in 1856, a regulation was passed requiring sepoys to serve overseas thereby losing caste. Both the annexation and consolidation heightened tension between government and population and mutiny was inevitable when the Indian section of the army was allocated cartridges smeared with the fat of cows and pigs, unclean to both Hindu and Muslim elements.
In order to understand the dynamics of each nation’s different fate through western imperialism, it is important to discuss what western imperialism is and it how came about. Over the course of history, we’ve seen many empires rise and fall through certain time periods. Imperialism is the practice of which powerful nations or peoples seek to extend and maintain control or influence over weaker nations or peoples . Western powers such as the British already had great advantages in this procedure by the 2800’s. One of the reasons why they had an advantage of imperialism is because they led the world in technology. Technology is a valuable asset for a nation to grow and a great resource in taking over other nations. This procedure of western imperialism was designed more towards the underdeveloped world which led to the domination and exploitation of Asia.
Beck, Roger B., Linda Black, Larry S. Krieger, Phillip C. Naylor, and Dahia I. Shabaka. World History: Patterns of Interaction. Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell, 2009.
Damrosch, David, and David Pike. The Longman Anthology of World Literature. The Ancient World. Volume A. Second Edition. New York: Pearson/Longman, 2009. Pgs. .656-691. Print.
Duiker, William J. , and Jackson J. Spielvogel. World History . 6th. Boston, MA: Wadsworth Pub Co, 2010. print.