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Economic liberalization in Zambia
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The history of Zambia includes a long and distressing journey, filled with disputing political practices over a newly independent government, economic troubles, and disease (Zambia Profile 2011). Despite these troubles, Zambia currently has an abundant variety of natural resources which provides hope for a country suffering from these despairs. Located centrally within Southern Africa, surrounded by Congo, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, and Namibia, one would not think of Zambia as a top exporter of copper (considering most trades occur on the coast), along with an important investment for Chinese geopolitical conquests. The abundance of copper within a majority of the region provides for the country’s main source of income. In a country essentially reliant on one main export, undoubtedly, problems arise between this direct relationship of copper exports and the economic stability of Zambia. Due to the direct impact of copper mining within Zambia in relation to the economic condition, and the increasing reliance of Chinese involvement within the industry, Zambia has become dependent on these foreign investments/natural resources, creating a highly unstable economy consistently alternating between push and pull factors.
From the very beginning, the discovery of copper in the 1920s attracted foreigners searching for wealth, which at that time included European technicians and administrators (Zambia Profile 2011). Today China, especially, favors involvement in Zambian copper, considering it is one of its largest consumers. The influence of China however began in a time when Zambia’s copper industry began to falter, and as a result, started to shut down. When the traditional southern route of copper closed in the 1970s, ...
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To conclude, the video “Caravans of Gold” by Basil Davidson, the aim of the video was to give the viewers a better understanding of how Africa and its empires used their supply of gold as an advantage to their success. It embodied critical points to vindicate why Africa was such an intricate nation because how they use gold and the various empires that used gold to their benefit. By discovering the complexity of Africa, people are able to have a better clarification of this continent and how it flourished because of its
I first read Jared Diamond's Guns, Germs, and Steel in the Fall 2003 based on a recommendation from a friend. Many chapters of the book are truly fascinating, but I had criticisms of the book back then and hold even more now. Chief among these is the preponderance of analysis devoted to Papua New Guinea, as opposed to, say, an explanation of the greatly disparate levels of wealth and development among Eurasian nations. I will therefore attempt to confine this review on the "meat and potatoes" of his book: the dramatic Spanish conquest of the Incas; the impact of continental geography on food production; and finally, the origins of the Eurasian development of guns, germs, and steel. In terms of structure, I will first summarize the book's arguments, then critically assess the book's evidentiary base, and conclude with an analysis of how Guns, Germs, and Steel ultimately helps to address the wealth question.
It seems China’s interest in African countries is not in territorial occupation, but rather in international prominence and expanding its rapidly growing economic agenda. Kenya’s richness in commodities and weak commercial laws are an idealistic setting for rapid market entry, therefore China has been able to effortlessly influence and expand its mercantilist ambitions without distress of competition from the west. Even though the United States is focused in providing conditional aid to Kenya, the effects of Chinese expansion in Kenya on U.S. interest are alarming, for China is offering cold hard cash that is f...
The excitement for mining and excavating for minerals was sparked in prospectors and people looking for an easy way of profit in the 60’s.This second gold rush of speaks, despite most of the minerals they were after was more on the lines of copper, nickel, iron and the like, brought high hopes of those wanting to get rich fast. Though thousands had hope in making money from mining on their own, many excavators found little gold on their own efforts. Most needed to actually find work in mines. But, they almost got something even better. The v...
Greenberg, Michael. British Trade and the Opening of China 1800 - 42. New York: Monthly Review, 1979. Print.
Some of the highest producing diamond mines are countries in Africa. Countries that had some of the highest rate of conflict were Angola, The Democratic Republic of Congo, Sierra Leone, and Liberia. The ...
In 1978, China was positioned 32nd on the planet in export volume, yet it had multiplied its reality exchange and got thirteenth biggest exporter in 1989. Between 1978 and 1990, the normal yearly rate of exchange extension was over 15 percent,[11] and a high rate of development proceeded for the one decade from now. In 1978 its exported on the in the world of the overall industry was insignificant, in 1998 regardless it had short of what 2%, however by 2010, it had a world piece of the overall industry of 10.4% as stated by the World Trade Organization (WTO), with stock fare offers of more than $1.5 trillion, the most astounding in the world.
At the height of the conflict, about one third of the country's people were displaced. The chronic financial crisis became severe and the economy was close to collapsing. Poverty has become deeper in the rural areas of the Congo where poor people are now powerless, vulnerable and isolated. This is a big contributor to the poverty Congo is experiencing today, because little has improved and won’t improve until these problems are fixed. Overall, Central Africa’s dependence on agriculture could improve the wellbeing of the people but a long history of corruption, violence, and prevalent transportation issues have hindered an improvement in the economy resulting in poverty in the region.
Relation between china and Taiwan Introduction The current conflict between china and Taiwan originally began in 1949 when Chiang Kai-shek (President of Republic of China) and his followers fled to Taiwan after their defeat by the Chinese communist party (led by Moa Tse-Tung) in the Chinese civil war, which erupted immediately after the Second World War. In 1950, the Chinese Communist Party established the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and invaded Taiwan, to unify all of China under their rule. Their plan failed, when the United States sent naval forces to defend Taiwan. Since then, both countries have existed in neither a state of complete independence nor integration of neither war nor peace.
The Instability of China–US Relations", The Chinese Journal of International Politics 3, no. 3 (2010): 263-292, http://cjip.oxfordjournals.org/content/3/3/263.
Zambia is a landlocked country in south-central Africa with a surface area of 752,600 square kilometers, which is slightly larger than Texas (10). Zambia is the continents biggest copper manufacturer and is the site to one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World, Victoria Falls (3). So, why is this country on the list of least developed countries? “Social conditions are tough. Poverty is widespread. Life expectancy is among the lowest in the world and the death rate is one of the highest - largely due to the prevalence of HIV/Aids” (3)
The country of Sierra Leone, located on the western coast of Africa is one of the main producers and exporters of the diamond industry today. The effect that “conflict” diamonds have on society in Sierra Leone has suffered horrible social and economic costs as a result from its civil war and fight over diamond control in the region. When the civil war was occurring within Sierra Leone, tons of money and was constantly being sent to the war. However when the war ended , Sierra Leone was left crippled. 1
Mining is the process or industry of obtaining minerals from the earth. Topics in this paper I’ll be specifically discussing are pros and cons of mining, structures of a mine, mining in general, California gold rush, diamonds in Africa, and comparison of diamond and gold mines.
The Europeans saw Africa as being a great place to obtain all types of resources from labor to natural materials. Items such as cotton, coal, rubber, copper, tin, gold, and other metals were considered very valuable and readily available in Africa (Nardo). The industrial revolution had already become a strong influence on the countries that attended the Conference. They had spent the past...
Warhurst, A. (1999). Mining and the environment: case studies from the Americas. Ottawa, ON, Canada: International Development Research Centre.