INTRODUCTION
Globalization can be loosely defined as the process of communication and assimilation among people, companies and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology (Smith and Doyle). Globalization involves the distribution of ideas, practices and technologies and as a result, a new brand of capitalism, known as knowledge capitalism, has emerged because of productivity and competiveness. Knowledge capitalism is the drive to create new ideas and turn them into profitable products and services which customers want (Oduori)
Impact of globalization in Kenya’s Hospitality Industry and the resulting impact on Human Resources in the U.S.A
The globalization phenomenon has contributed considerably to the spread of tourists to the furthest reaches of the planet, including Kenya. This has inherently led to the rise in new arrival of technology within the hospitality industry, coupled with improved tourism facilities and services to meet international standards (Gachoka).
Improvements in transport and communications have essentially facilitated the growth and movement of international tourists with information technology particularly revolutionizing the organization and running of tourist businesses (Oduori). Most of the international and regional agencies, airlines, hotels as well as many travel associations all now have their own websites aimed at promoting tourism around the world (Mpofu).
Globalization has a major impact on the management of human resources in developing countries including Kenya leading to changes in organization plan and organization structures making them leaner thus improving efficiency but having a unconstructive impact on s...
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...ts and acceptable quality standards. In the short term, they may save money and improve profits while in the long run; the outsourced ingenuity gradually erodes their ability to create new products and services (Gachoka). Foreign or younger workers cannot substitute what the older workers contributed in the way of institutional recall, long-term associations and practical creativity.
Works Cited
Gachoka, Hazael. "Impact of Globalization on the Human Resource Management Function in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Kenya Public Corporations." 2008.
Gailliard, Flora. "The Hospitality Industry ." 2008.
Mpofu, Thomas P. Z. "An assessment of the impact of tourism globalization in Africa." 2009.
Oduori, Fredrick Nyongesa. "New Service Development: Strategy and process in the Hospitality Sector in Kenya." 2010.
Smith, M. K. and M. Doyle. "Globalization." 2002.
Pfeffer, Jeffrey. "Human resources from an organizational behavior perspective: Some paradoxes explained." The Journal of Economic Perspectives 21.4 (2007): 115-134.
The world we live in today is going through enormous changes in economics, technology, culture, politics, etc. The effects of the changes are not so clear, since it is hard to predict how each sector would affect the other and how society will be affected. However, analyzing past and present occurrences provides some information for experts to interpret society’s reaction in the future to different transformations. Globalization can be seen as a process in which societies around the world come together and expand through the combination of different forces. This paper will explore the effects of globalization on US companies, US society and economy, and the implications for other countries in the post-industrial world.
While there are many various global issues that affect the International Human Resource Management to run efficiently, there are two key concepts that play a major role in understanding how to approach them with cohesive and a well coherent strategy; they are the International Human Recourse Management Strategy and Understanding the Cultural Environment. In the International Resource Management strategy, many companies will do their research in finding companies that offer the following:
Noe, Raymond A., et al. Human Resource Management: Gaining a Competitive Advantage. 7th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2010. Print.
Technology has created a major impact on the way in which all organizations market their products and services. With the development of the internet, companies are now able to economically market themselves on a global level. Even smaller companies that were once not able to capture international business due to the cost factor can now do just that. The Washington Plaza Hotel is no exception. The hotel industry in DC relies heavily on tourism as a major part of its client base. Many of these tourists who visit the city are of foreign nationality. It is important that the Washington Plaza Hotel targets these people when marketing the company. Not only do they target the tourist but they also target the international business travelers that come to the city on business related trips. The hotel's website, which gives detailed information about the hotel's accommodations and services, can be accessed by potential customers all over the world. In addition, the Washington Plaza Hotel has teamed up with such web-based travel services like Orbitz, Expedia, Travelocity, Etc. in order to capture more of the global market. Before the existence of the internet, the global market was not easily reachable. Technology has the greatest affect on marketing for many organizations and certainly for the Washington Plaza Hotel as well as the hospitality industry itself.
With the proliferation of the internet international Business transactions are more common today than ever. Globalization is now a key factor when creating a business strategy for most companies whether they are small family own businesses or huge corporations. Globalization however does not just involve selling a product in other countries. There are legal and cultural concerns that must be addressed. The legal aspects are fairly simple because in most places the laws are spelled out. It's the local customs, and regional way of doing things that can be tricky. Research on globalization has shown that it is not an omnipotent, unidirectional force leveling everything in its path. Because a global culture does not exist, any search for it would be futile. It is more fruitful to instead focus on particular aspects of life that are indeed affected by the globalizing process. (1). In this new economy, as it has been in the past, it will be the people not the machines who will determine a company's success. Having an effective Human Resource Management team that effectively analyze your company's current and future personnel needs is key in any business organization.
Globalization of human capital is where, human resources are sook after by companies from all over the world. Due to the increased demand for skills at a lower cost, companies will tend to look for employees to work in their premises from all over the world (Webforum, 2015). In this regard, since companies are extending their operations the entire world over, human capital globalization is inevitable since they will need to work with people from these countries for them to successfully exploit global markets.
Noe, Raymond A., John R. Hollenbeck, Barry Gerhart, and Patrick M. Wright. Human Resource Management: Gaining a Competitive Advantage. 7th ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill Irwin, 2010. Print.
From the economy to its culture Kenya has felt the devastating results of the ...
Globalization is a concept with a variety of meanings making it quite confusing. The concept includes a wide variety of events as well as aspects of personal and social life. However, some scholars have attempted to offer some definitions of this concept: It has been defined as the increasing unification in the economic order of the world via the reduction of barriers to free international trade like tariffs, import quotas, and export fees. Globalization describes the process in which regional economies, cultures, and societies have become integrated via transportation, communication, and trade (Croucher 10). It is closely associated with economic globalization, which is “the process by which markets and production in different countries are becoming increasingly interdependent due to the dynamics of trade in goods and services and flows of capital and technology” (Held 92). However, it is not only driven by economic factors, but also a combination of the economic factors with the technological, biological, political, and socio-cultural factors (Croucher 10).
As western ideologies about economy spread, so will their capitalist values and consumer fueled culture. This promotion of a culture with more production leads to greater motivation to outsource for cheaper labor in countries with bad working conditions. Therefore, by supporting this will continue a perpetuating cycle of MNC’s expansion and insufficient worker’s rights. This also leads to more societies who are driven by the market and care less about the people, much less the preservation of
Labor laws, wage disparities, intense competition and fluctuating currency values are the challenges that are making organizations worldwide to compete in marketplace with products requiring a great deal of labor, and it is now getting harder for some of these organizations to maintain employees abroad. As Mello (p. 610) mentioned that a greater percentage of United States workforces are moving their operations abroad to developing nations like China and leaving an increasing number of United States domestic workers without employment. The foreign markets for the products and services are not the only things enticing these organizations to enter these global marketplaces. There are other reasons these companies are joining the global market arenas. For example, the foreign labor markets, this has attracted interest in many organizations to expand globally (Gersten, 1991). The labor force growth rates in developing nations alone will continue expanding by approximately 700 million people by the year 2010, while the United States labor force will continue to grow by only 25 million. This shows that United States’ growth rate will drop and the opportunities for productivity growth rate will increase in developing countries.
The Hospitality and Tourism sector is characterized as the fastest growing sector in Jamaica. Many tourists from all over the world travel each year because of the country’s beaches, culture, climate and landscape. Despite the contribution of other sectors the Hospitality and Tourism is still the giant industry that contributes largely to Jamaica market share. In this paper, we will call the Hotel that I am employed ‘Hotel A’ for privacy reasons. Hotel A was formed in 1981and has developed to be one of the largest all-inclusive resorts in the country, tackling all factors that impact on its overall success. Some of these factors are political, economic, social, technological environmental and legal factors called the PESTEL framework. “A
Offering better value for money. Although tourists have a good experience in Ghana when they visit, however, the layout of tourism products are said to be unexciting. Restaurants and hotels are continuously improving, but there are still some concerns about prices, quality and services delivered. Some of the tourist who had visited West Africa think that tourism services in Ghana are expensive, compared to the quality of services provided by other c...
The historical trends in the tourism sector in Ghana point to the fact that the concept for its development is a useful strategy. The process identifies the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) in the national economy and the sectorial situation and seeks to provide optimal solutions that will accelerate the growth and development of the tourism industry.