Every day special cells, tissues, proteins and organs which made overall immune system defend against microorganisms, germs and viruses which enter our body. Immune system is system which is able to prevent organism and kill the pathogens. Most of time immune system has dual system in properties and has capacity to identify self and non-self organisms (1). For instance, immune system can be general or specific, natural or adaptive (sometimes called innate or acquired), cell mediated or humoral, active or passive and also primary and secondary (2). Immune system is able to recognize and attack particular antigens, it is called ‘antigen specific’ part, also it has ‘systemic’ part which works throughout the body, and it is not restricted only to initial infection site. Moreover immune system has ‘memory’ part which is able to recognize and attack stronger to the same antigen next time. This essay will discuss each dual part of immune system: organs, cells and soluble components, also describe the difference between innate and acquired immune system. Human organism has two fluids which intertwined throughout the body: blood and lymph. They are responsible for transporting the agents of immune system. Lymphoid system is composed of tissues and organs which produce specific resistance to human diseases (3). Also it consists of tissues which found in lymph nodes. Lymphoid tissues dedicated to circulation and production of lymphocytes, while lymph nodes serve as filtration of lymphoid system and activation of lymphocytes. Human lymphoid system has two organs: central or primary lymphoid organ and peripheral or secondary lymphoid organ. Primary organs are located in bone marrow and thymus and generate lymphocytes from immature progenitor... ... middle of paper ... ...m up, human immune system is complex system which every cells, tissues and organs of immune system are closely related to each other and work intimately. Currently as a secondary response of body scientists discovered the vaccine which contains antigen from pathogens and produce memory cells, therefore it gives protection to organism from infections. However immunity is fascinating subject and there are still many secretes of it. When immune system fully understood, there might be solved many disease related problems in the world. Works Cited 1. Alibek, K. (2011). Lecture: Immunology and Vaccinology. PowerPoint slides. 2. http://uhaweb.hartford.edu/BUGL/immune.htm#intro 3. http://faculty.ucc.edu/biology-potter/lymphoid_system.htm 4. http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/ghaffar/innate.htm 5. http://www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/immunity/immune-detail.html
The human immune system is an amazing system that is constantly on the alert protecting us from
The job of the immune system is to keep “foreign” invaders out of the body, or if one gets in, to seek it out and kill it. These foreign invaders are called pathogens, which are tiny organisms that can cause an infection in the body. Pathogens can be bacteria, parasites, and fungi (http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/immuneSystem/pages/whatisimmunesystem.aspx).
The immune system is one of the major systems of the human body. It protects the body from diseases and infections that could cause harm to a person’s body. To protect the body it distinguishes between unhealthy and healthy cells (National Institute). The immune system distinguishes between these cells to determine if the body is being invaded by a disease, or if the body is fine and healthy. It will fight off foreign contaminants if they are invading the body to potentially harm it. The immune system works to suppress any unwanted cells, microbes, etc. Without a proper working immune system, the human population would constantly be sick.
When a familiar antigen is encountered, B-lymphocyte memory cells will divide and form new antibody-producing plasma cells. Some memory cells will be left, however, so that the body can respond to any number of future infections with the same pathogen. The second time the immune system encounters a pathogen for a second time, antibodies are produced more rapidly and their effect lasts longer. Memory B cells have an affinity for a particular antigen as well. Also, larger amounts of antibodies are produced in the secondary response resulting in a stronger response.
How you can keep your immune system in good health is pretty easy. The best thing for your body is to wash your hands to get rid of any germs that are trying to penetrate your skin, eating the right foods, lots of exercise and always enough sleep. You wan’t to be careful on what foods you are putting into your body, and how you sleep on a regular basis. You should also be careful on where you have been and what you have touched, you never know where a certain object could have been and what diseases are spreading around.
The immune system, which is composed of cells, proteins, tissues, and organs, is the body’s innate defense against foreign particles that may show to be harmful or infectious to us. Through a series of steps called the immune response, the immune system attacks potentially dangerous organisms and substances that invade our systems. (Durani, Y., 2012) The immune system’s key players include leukocytes, the lymphoid organs, and the lymphatic vessels. Leukocytes are white blood cells that recognize and destroy the harmful invaders. Lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, bone marrow, thymus, and spleen) make and/or store the leukocytes, and lymphatic vessels are a network of tissues that allow for the leukocytes to circulate through blood or the various lymphoid organs. (Durani, Y., 2012)
Acquired immunity is the immunity that our body gains and develops over time. When pathogens are present in the body our body learns and remembers how to destroy these pathogens. Acquired immunity compromises all our specific immune responses which includes the generation of antibodies that neutralize the toxins produced by the pathogen. Acquired immunity means our body is able to distinguish between different types of pathogens, differentiate between foreign particles and cells of our own body and recall all immunological responses and act accordingly to the specific pathogen. The third line of defense is involved which is acquired and specific.
Seattle Education Project. (2013, November). STEP: The Immune System - An Overview, [Online]. Available: http://www.thebody.com/step/immune.html [11/12/14].
The innate immune system is given to you at birth and always has microbes ready to fight (Joanne M. Willey, 2014). This system is very fast to detect and attempt to eliminate any invading cells. It reacts by triggering Toll-like receptors (TLRs) who then fasten to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) (Joanne M. Willey, 2014). The first line of defense in the innate immune system contains the skin and mucous membranes, along with normal microbiota (Joanne M. Willey, 2014). The second line of defense of the “early-warning” system consists of natural killer cells, phagocytes, eosinophils, dendritic cells, macrophages, inflammation, fever, and antimicrobial substances (Joanne M. Willey, 2014). Although a powerful system, it cannot take
The innate immune system gets its name and function from being with us from the beginning of our lives (“Introduction to Immunology Tutorial…”, 2000). What I mean by this is that there are certain barriers that immediately know when a foreign invader has entered the body, and the body will respond quickly to that foreign invasion. External barriers include the skin, and the workings of the mucous membranes in body openings. Inside an individual’s body, we find there are several white blood cells, which are called defensive cells, and certain substances
Unending weakness, untimely maturing, joint inflammation, poor skin and hair quality, danger, hypersensitivities, growth, and numerous different ailments can all outcome from flawed assimilation since poor processing meddles with supplement breakdown, ingestion and digestion system; permits poisons to stay in the body and aggregate; and over anxieties the body. The gastrointestinal framework assumes a focal part in safe framework homeostasis. It is the primary course of contact with the outer environment and is over-burden each day with outside jolts, now and again hazardous as pathogens (microscopic organisms, protozoa, parasites, infections) or harmful substances, in different cases exceptionally helpful as nourishment or commensal vegetation. The critical position of the gastrointestinal framework is affirmed by the colossal measure of invulnerable cells that dwell inside it. Without a doubt, gut-related lymphoid tissue (GALT) is the noticeable piece of mucosal-related lymphoid tissue (MALT) and speaks to right around 70% of the whole safe framework; also, around 80% of plasma cells [mainly immunoglobulin An (IgA)- bearing cells] live in GALT. GALT communicates entirely with gastrointestinal capacities in a dynamic way; for example, by expanding intestinal penetrability in replay
According to the Australian Academy of science (2012) Immunological memory allows the adaptive immune system to rapidly clear infections that it has encountered before, this can be both naturally or artificially. Following an immune response some T-cells remain and serve as “memory cells” so if the body comes in contact with the same antigen in the future the immune system can act swiftly and more efficiently to prevent the infection occurring. (Black 2008). The Australian Academy of Science (2012) states that when the body encounters a disease naturally the immune system launches a non-specific and then specific response to the foreign body, although the person may still experience the signs and symptoms of the disease. Where...
The immune system is a fascinating structure it defends the body against foreign invaders like bacteria, viruses and parasites. There are two primary forms that make up the immune system they are, innate and adaptive systems. Both the innate and adaptive system plays a large role in the immune system. The innate is the primary system to defend against foreign materials and the adaptive is the secondary system that responds to specific issues.
In addition to serving as a drainage system, the lymphatic system, along with the lymphoid tissues and organs, play a vital role in the body’s immune system to create an immune response. The body ...
Lymphatic system similarly contains of lymphatic vessels, which remain like the circulatory systems veins and capillaries. The vessels stay linked to lymph nodes, where the lymph is filtered and cleaned from any venomous toxins. Things such as: adenoids, tonsils, thymus and the spleen are all part of the system.