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essay on rice cultivation
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IFPRI - ICAAP project to provide global agricultural advisory services to small and marginal farmers
International Food Policy Research institute, Washington DC and ICAAP (IKP Centre for Advancement in Agricultural practice) joined together to establish global agricultural knowledge facility through information and communication technology (ICT) in India. The project aims to establish an interactive internet-based platform for facilitating knowledge and experience sharing between the various agri-stakeholders (including men and women farmers, extension agents, agricultural scientists, agro-industries, agri-financing institutions, policymakers and planners).
To kick start the project, being piloted in Thanjavur and Thiruvarur districts, we visited the locations to understand existing agricultural extension systems in the region, needs and demands of stakeholders in accessing scientific information through various channels. To explore the probable entry points to pilot IFPRI - ICAAP knowledge portal in the locality, we interacted with knowledge intermediaries like extension professionals, KVK (Farm science centre), agricultural research station, civil society organizations, KGFS, farmers associations and small and marginal farming community.
Agriculture scenario at Thanjavur and Thiruvarur districts
Rice and Rice fallow pulses i.e. black gram and green gram and oilseeds i.e. Gingelly, groundnut (Rainfed crop) are the dominant crops in Thanjavur and Thiruvarur districts. Most of the farmers depend on Cauvery water to meet their farming activities. In some of the areas, progressive farmers grow sugarcane and banana by using bore-well water as annual crop.
Recently, the stagnation in growth of rice productivity was noti...
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...n the new rural economy.
Knowledge intermediaries
• Extension agents and subject matter specialist in an ideal world would resemble knowledge brokers. They need to articulate the demand of farmers for knowledge, facilitate linkages between stakeholders with ideas and resources and manage the knowledge process.
• Extension worker lacks ability to handhold the stakeholders who are involved in the crop value chain and lacks relationship skills with the farming community until the end product.
IFPRI-ICAAP will join with above local stakeholders to implement the project and bring the innovative and sustainable model to provide comprehensive advisory services to the small and marginal farmers and link them with the market for profit realization.
Senthil Kumar Govindararajan, Project Coordinator, IFPRI and can be reached s.govindarajan@cgiar.org
ITC has introduced information technology into agricultural business in India. . The eChoupal kiosks have been set up to facilitate a new supply chain. This new technology-integrated supply chain has addressed several difficulties in the past. The following sections will lay out the inefficiencies of the traditional supply chain management; describe the ITC eChoupal Initiative; and analyze how eChoupal enhances the soybean supply chain. The future platform will also be discussed.
The investors or marketing constituencies are primary stakeholders in the organization that provide the financial foundation and will expect a return on their investment (O. Ferrell, Thorne, & L. Ferrell, 2016). In the Monsanto organization, the website refers to the desire to serve all investors regardless of size and to provide expanded solutions and new choices in 2018 ( Monsanto, 2018). This is evident in Monsanto investment of more than $1.5 billion last fiscal year towards the research of new tools for farmers (Monsanto, 2018). Stock prices continue to increase and investment stakeholders are able to reap the fruits of their
With the rise as with the technology, challenges for farmers are growing too as earlier growers had to have knowledge in agronomics, risk management, marketing their products and it has become even more competitive with the surge in new precision agricultural practices and products. The growers have to tone their IT skills in order to run their day to day life, analyze the enormous amount of data to optimize the operations and be up to date with the current trends and the competition in the market.
Since humans started farming thousands of years ago crop and livestock production systems have been integrated. Integration of crop and livestock systems enhanced profitability and environmental sustainability of farms and communities. (Russelle, Michael P., Martin H. Entz, and Alan J. Franzluebbers) Crop and livestock systems have always went hand and hand, that is, until the 19th century when farming became specialized resulting in separation of crop and livestock enterprises. Unfortunately crop and livestock enterprise integration is not nearly as common as it once was in this region. But today there are still many farmers who choose integrate crop and livestock enterprises. There are also local specialized crop and livestock farmers who work together and integrate their farms in order to receive some of the benefits of crop and livestock integration.
Farming has become a highly complex and competitive business. Today's farmers must be a careful businessmen as well as a trained agriculturist. Today in society, there is now the need to understand and use economics, marketing, and several other business-related fields in addition to having a knowledge of agronomy, animal husbandry, breeding techniques, and other fields traditionally related to agriculture.
We need to reach people and communicate and this is something that an agricultural educator should be capable of doing. Agriculture impacts everyone, every day whether they realize it or not. Agricultural Education is not restricted to one age group or one area. Education can occur at any age and any stage of education so therefore we have to be able to adapt to cater to our audience. It is also not restricted to a teacher in agriculture. An agricultural educator can be anybody from someone who works in the industry communicating with a co-worker or a student talking to someone on the bus about agriculture. Even an educator in agriculture can learn something new from another educator.
In various parts of the world like Asia, Africa, Australia and even Oklahoma, people have faced famines and droughts closely associated with climate change. This is affecting farming badly especially in countries like Ethiopia, where 70 per cent of the population depends on farming and ultimately depends on the rain for the crops. Now, the risks of droughts and famines are quite obvious from extreme hunger and starvation to wide-spread poverty. In order to adapt to such situations and mitigate future losses, organizations like Swiss Re, Oxfam America and Rockefeller Foundation are helping farmers to construct hillside terraces and providing them other means to conserve water. The farmers are also being helped by insurance coverage. They are encouraged to invest and this also helps boost their own
...t too expensive for the farmers. The second step is that broader awareness is required. According to Sarah Alexander, “different farmers trust different sources, such as vendors, crop consultants, and university extension services.” Farmers are going to need to be open minded to new things, in order to feed the human race. The last step is farmers need the right incentives. Farmers want to know about the good that they are doing. Farmer’s want to know how they are saving the environment, and how they are producing more food, and feeding more people than they were before.
As you can see, farming is not a job one can do alone. Great help is needed to make the maximum yield possible. The money to pay for these helpers comes from the farmer’s own personal checkbook. The hired hands have a promised amount of money per hour in which they will receive, whereas the farmers do not.
...earch and extension, rural infrastructure, and market access for small farmers. Rural investments have been sorely neglected in recent decades, and now is the time to reverse this trend. Farmers in many developing countries are operating in an environment of inadequate infrastructure like roads, electricity, and communications; poor soils; lack of storage and processing capacity; and little or no access to agricultural technologies that could increase their profits and improve their livelihoods. Recent unrest over food prices in a number of countries may tempt policymakers to put the interests of urban consumers over those of rural people, including farmers, but this approach would be shortsighted and counterproductive. Given the scale of investment needed, aid donors should also expand development assistance to agriculture, rural services, and science and technology.
Introduction Agriculture has changed tremendously, especially this 21st century after the end of World War II. As a result of population growth and world agricultural increase in food demand, productivity soared with the aid of new technologies, mechanization, increased synthetic chemical use, specialization and government policies that favored maximizing agricultural production. Although these changes have had positive effects and reduced many risks in farming, there have also been negative impacts. Prominent among these are like topsoil depletion, groundwater contamination as a result of land over use, decline of family farms, continued neglect of the living and working conditions for farm laborers, low wages for the laborers, increasing
As agriculture has become more intensive, farmers have become capable of producing higher yields using less labour and less land. Growth of the agriculture has not, however, been an unmixed blessing. It, like every other thing, has its pros and cons. Topsoil depletion, groundwater contamination, the decline of family farms, continued neglect of the living and working conditions for farm labourers, increasing costs of production, and the disintegration of economic and social conditions in rural communities. These are the cons of the new improved agriculture.
There are several reasons why pluralistic extension system is required. One of the reasons is that previous single provider of extension system, mainly Training and Visit (T&V system) was criticized for its limited advantages. As the case in India, the T&V system was blamed for only boosting commodity and supply-driven but not generate income. It was also criticized as the cause of the fall of commodity price, disintegration among sub-sectors, and poor focus on farmer organization development (Singh & Swanson, n.d.). Former extension system was occasionally considered as inefficient, having unclear and incompatible objectives of state intervention, vague rules for implementation; it also provides limited incentive for extension workers, and lack of financial transparency (Rivera & Alex, 2004). Moreover, the pluralistic extension system is expected to reduce financial burden of national government due to large institutional structures and perceived ineffectiveness of former extension system (Swanson & Rajalahti, 2010). Earlier extension system was also blamed for not giving much attention in involving farmers to define and solve their own problems, while having poor linkage of extension-research-farmer system (Davis, 2008). The support of farmers’ group as possessing power for extension provider comes from Davis’ research in Kenya (n.d.), in which she found that farmers’ groups were considered by local farmers as credible source of agricultural information provider (Davis, n.d.)
As an an ambitious and goal oriented individual searching to not only find a career in agriculture but a problem to solve, I am driven, passionate and motivated to help bridge the gap that farmers and consumers face. I hope to build upon the idea of learning by doing by using the hands on experiences that the AFA Food Institute will instill upon me. By participating in the AFA Food Institute, my desire to expand upon my knowledge of agriculture, specifically, the farm to table movement, will be fulfilled as I will be given ample opportunities to see directly what happens once the food turns from raw ingredients to the packaged good that sits on your local grocery store shelf. By learning not only from professionals but my peers as well, we can work together to achieve our agriculture and food career goals. Additionally, I know this experience will offer me opportunities to open my eyes to the diverse food industry that will aid me with my agricultural education goals. This opportunity will help combine my belief of learning by doing and the exciting future of agriculture through education to give me the resources to reconnect the farmer and consumer. Lastly, my passion for agricultural marketing has a solid foundation of marketing food to consumers, specifically from my involvement with the National Agri-Marketing Association. This opportunity will
Krishnaraj, Maithreyi. 2006. “Food Security, Agrarian Crisis and Rural Livelihoods.” Economic and Political Weekly 41 (52): 5376-5388.