The human papillomavirus (HPV) is currently the most widely spread sexually transmitted disease in the United States, per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. There are over one hundred different types of HPV known at this time, over forty of which can be sexually transmitted. Nearly all sexually active men and women are exposed at some point in their lives. Lifestyle choices such as risky sexual behavior, smoking and alcohol use increase one’s risk of contracting HPV. Additionally, infection with one type of HPV does not prevent infections with other types.
“Approximately 79 million Americans are currently infected with HPV. About 14 million people become newly infected each year.” (CDC, 2013).
Disease pathophysiology
“Human papillomaviruses are small, double-strained DNA viruses that infect the epithelium and cause common skin warts.” (CDC, 2012). Most HPV infections are asymptomatic and resolve on their own. About forty strains of HPV infect the mucosal epithelium, which can lead to cervical cancer. Cervical cancer was first thought to be linked to sexual activity in the 1960s, and in the early 1980s, in was proven that cervical cancer cells contained HPV DNA. The first publications of this were not until the 1990s. (CDC 2012). Because the detection of HPV was so recent, there are still many unknown factors regarding transmission and treatment.
Signs and Symptoms
It is estimated that 90% of people who contract HPV never develop symptoms, and within two years, the body’s immune system clears the virus. The human papillomavirus in it’s low-risk form can cause warts, but typically the signs of the high-risk types only occur at the cellular level and can not be seen by the naked eye for years or even decad...
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...ntion and early detection to protect themselves and their children. It is the role of the healthcare providers, both doctor and nurse, to make sure every patient walking into a medical facility has access to this information that could help save their life.
Works Cited
ACOG Committee on Adolescent Health Care. (2010). Fact Sheet: Tool Kit for Teen Care, Second Edition. Retrieved from http://www.acog.org/~/media/Departments/Adolescent%20Health%20Care/Teen%20Care%20Tool%20Kit/HPVirus.pdf?dmc=1&ts=20131024T0123572538
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). Human Papillomavirus: Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/hpv.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). Genital HPV Infection - Fact Sheet. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/std/HPV/STDFact-HPV.htm#a5
Nurses are central to patient care and patient safety in hospitals. Their ability to speak up and be heard greatly impacts their own work satisfaction and patient outcomes. Open communication should have been encouraged within the healthcare team caring for Tyrell. Open communication cultures lead to better patient care, improved outcomes, and better staff satisfaction (Okuyama, 2014). Promoting autonomy for all members of the healthcare team, including the patient and his parents, may have caused the outcome to have been completely different. A focus on what is best for the patient rather than on risks clinicians may face when speaking up about potential patient harm is needed to achieve safe care in everyday clinical practice (Okuyama,
Although I respect and trust nurses and doctors, I always carefully observe what is being done with myself or my family members. After watching Josie’s story and being in the process of becoming a medical assistant, I feel this story has given me an initiative to ensure patients and their families are kept safe. The generation we live in is technological, there are many resources for patients and families to utilize to educate themselves when it comes to medical conditions. Some people like to self-diagnose and it makes it harder for doctors and healthcare workers to work with those patients. This is when communication and active listening becomes especially important to work through what is fact and what is misplaced
What is the human papillomavirus (HPV)? According to the US government’s National Cancer Institute, human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are a collection of more than one hundred viruses, many types having the ability to grow tumors or polyps that are malignant and others benign. Certain of the viruses are capable of forming genital warts. The HPVs that cause the common warts on hands and feet are different from those that cause growth in the throat or genital area (Human Papillomavirus). Professors Joe Cummins and Dr. Mae-Wan Ho inform us that some types are associated with cancer, and are called “high risk” HPVs. Of the more than one hundred types of HPVs, over thirty can be passed on through sexual contact. Most HPV infections occur without any symptoms and go away without treatment over the course of a few years. However, HPV infection sometimes persists for many years, with or without causing detectable cell abnormalities. Infection from “High risk” types of HPV is the main cause of cervical cancer. Pap smears have also led to earlier detection of these infections. Nearly all women who are sexually active will have HPV inf...
There are over 100 types of HPV (Human Papilloma Virus). This virus affects the skin and moist membranes that line the body such as the mouth, throat, fingers, nails, cervix, and anus. Between 30 and 40 of the 100 viruses can affect the genital area; for the most part it causes genital warts. Human Papilloma Virus is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases In the United States, according to various studies it is estimated that at least 50% of sexually active people will get some type of genital Hpv at some time in their lives. People can get Hpv and have the virus for years, even pass it on to their sex partners without even knowing it that is because the virus often does not show any symptoms. It is a sexually transmitted disease that can cause genital warts and cervical cancer”. (“HPV fact sheet” 2012).
Most people know what vaccines are and have received them during our childhood years; but past that knowledge, most people do not think much about vaccines until we have children of our own. Some parents are more skeptical than others on the topic of vaccinations, but most parents choose this preventative measure in protecting their children from harmful diseases. However, in the case of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, there is quite a controversy as to if it is appropriate to administer the vaccine to pre-teen to teenage children. Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually-transmitted infection in the United States; an estimated 14 million persons are newly infected every year (Satterwhite,
The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States (Cook 210). There are over 100 types of HPV viruses and 30 or more of these viruses that can be sexually transmitted. (Vamos, McDermott, Daley 303). There are approximately 20 million people in the United States that are infected with HPV, and there are about 6.2 million new HPV cases each year (Vamos, McDermott, and Daley 303). Even though most HPV cases are non-cancerous, two of the HPV strains are known to cause 70 percent of cervical cancer, and the other two strains cause 90 percent of genital warts cases (Javitt, Berkowitz, and Gostin 384). Mendenhall, Elisa, and O'Mara stated, "Because of the cancer link, the strains that are the greatest medical concerns are those that are sexually transmitted"(49). It is estimated that it costs the United States about five billion dollars each year to diagnose and treat HPV related diseases (Cook 211).
The healthcare system can be difficult for clients to navigate and they are often unsure how to access information which puts them at the mercy of others and can lead to feelings of helplessness (Erlen, 2006). Nurses can provide resources to educate patients when they becomes dependent on a health care provider and no longer feel in control of their own body which can lead to fear, hopelessness, helplessness and loss of control (Cousley et al., 2014). The change in roles individuals face can further increase their stress and feelings of powerlessness (Scanlon & Lee, 2006). According to the CNA code of ethics, nurses are responsible for protecting patients from objective risks that place them in an increased level of vulnerability (Carel, 2009). They can do this by providing the resources necessary for patients to educate themselves and be better able to cope with the health challenges they
Safety is focused on reducing the chance of harm to staff and patients. The 2016 National Patient Safety Goals for Hospitals includes criteria such as using two forms of identification when caring for a patient to ensure the right patient is being treated, proper hand washing techniques to prevent nosocomial infections and reporting critical information promptly (Joint Commission, 2015). It is important that nurses follow standards and protocols intending to patients to decrease adverse
Cervical cancer is formed in the tissues of the cervix, an organ that connects the uterus and the vagina. Virtually all cervical cancers are caused by Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections (Schiffman et. al., 2007). HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States. According to the CDC, 75% of sexually active people aged 15-49 have the infection at some point in their lives. (CDC). Because HPV infection is usually asymptomatic, infected people do not know exactly when they get the infection. In most cases, the body is able to fight off the virus before any symptom. However, health problems such as genital warts and cancer may result with persistent exposure to HPV.
Which is very important for nurses or any medical professional to do in the healthcare profession. Nurses are receiving these patients in their most vulnerable state, nurses are exposed and trusted with the patients’ information to further assist them on providing optimum treatment. Keeping patient’s information private goes back to not just doing what’s morally right but also it also builds that nurse – patient relationship as well. We also have provision three that specifically taps on this issue as well, as it states: “The nurse seeks to protect the health, safety, and rights of patient.” (Nurses Code of Ethics,
Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) Symptoms, Causes, Treatment - What is a urinary tract infection (UTI)? - MedicineNet. (n.d.). Retrieved March 22, 2016, from http://www.medicinenet.com/urinary_tract_infection/page2.htm
example, patients who are going in for major abdominal surgery, or even normal childbirth. Nurses
...Qualified health care personnel are required to maintain safe health care surrounding. Most im-portant part of the problem is to find the problem, and then only we can fix it.
...lomavirus (HPV), pelvic inflammatory disease, syphilis, trichomoniasis, vaginal infections, and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including recent facts about prevalence, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention : along with tips on discussing and living with STDs, updates on current research and vaccines, a glossary of related terms, and resources for additional help and information (4th ed.). Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics.
H, Weinstock, and Berman S. "STDs in Adolescents and Young Adults." CDC.GOV. Center for Disease Control and Prevention, n.d. Web. 28 Feb. 2014.