Now days, parents are looking more and more after their kids. They try spending loads of time with them, playing, entertaining, and trying to grant every wish they desire. Why are they doing that? Cause they need us! Children are like aliens to our world. They know nothing about it. Everything here is new to them. That is why they are in need of our guidance. In my essay I will show you how child develops in to a bright, healthy, creative and happy kind of person by reviewing different scientific theories and life time examples. In present there are 4 times of development: cognitive development, social development, psychological and psychosexual development. Along with the development there are several types of theories like psychoanalytical and psychosocial theories. To make things more clear between developments and theories I will choose two different aged kids to compare their development in deferent age status in period of 0-7 years. Moreover, there are plenty various games which can help us to understand their social, emotional, biological development etc. Besides, some of those games are entertaining not only for a child but for an adult as well and several of them you can use any time any place you are with your baby. Also, it is very important for us to understand the difference between creativity and play in development.
Cognitive development:
Before I my start comparing cognitive development stages of two different age gropes, I should tell something about a man who discovered these stages. Piaget was born in 1896 and died in 1980. He was studying cognitive development stages from his kid’s behaviour. He concluded that every baby in the world is trying to get used to the environment. Also, he learnt that every toddle...
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...t in development of the child. But let us not forget what are the most important thing in development of our child. What am I talking about? Simple. I’m talking about love and loads of time spent with your child accompanied it with different interesting games. It is even proven by American psychiatrist Stuart Brown that the more you play with you child in his childhood the more gentle, smarter and nicer person he will be in his future. And if you wont do these simple things with your child he might become a criminal like Whitman who shot 46 people in university of Texas Tower on the Austin campus. It appeared that that 25 year old Charles Whitman was from a abusive family and he never played when he was a kid. That shows how play is important for our kids and it also shows that we must care for our kids so much so that they do not turn in to monsters like Whitman.
Early Childhood is marked by a time in children’s lives when they develop “a confident self-image, more effective control over their emotions, new social skills, the foundations of morality, and a clear sense of themselves as boy or girl” (Berk, Kauffman & Landrum, 2011, pg. 45). According to Erik Erikson, early childhood is a period of “vigorous unfolding,” one where children have a sense of autonomy and a new sense of purposefulness or initiative (Berk, Kauffman & Landrum, 2011, pg. 45). Play is a means for children to learn about themselves and they begin to adopt the moral and gender-role standards of the society in which they live (Berk, Kauffman & Landrum, 2011). A negative outcome of early childhood is the guilt children feel as a result of excessive punishment and criticism by the adults in their lives (Berk, Kauffman & Landrum, 2011)....
The first of Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development is the sensorimotor stage. The approximate age of this stage is from birth to two years
In acquiring this new-found knowledge Piaget stated that when the child is given a more complex problem they can use logical and cognitive processes to answer instead of just their imagination and/or visual prospects (Feldman, 2006, pp. 286-287). Although some kids may not fully just jump into the concrete operation stage Piaget says it is completely normal that kids shift back and forth between preoperational and concrete operational thinking during the two years before they completely reach the stage. When the process is complete you should notice how your child becomes more sophisticated in handling their information. Their concepts of speed and time also highly increase. During the middle childhood stage, short term memory improves significantly. For example, a child will be able to repeat a set of numbers back to you with more ease and less concentration then they could before (Feldman, 2006, p. 289). Vocabulary of children also begin to rapidly increase during the school years. They can take in what the teacher says and store it in their brains so more knowledge is obtained. This is the stage in which your child usually learns to read and
When studying human development, it is helpful to understand the main developmental domains (i.e physical, cognitive, emotional and moral) and the ways in which people develop within each domain at certain age stages. Use of psychological theories is also helpful to understand the reasons for this development and the ways in which it manifests at different age stages. The objective of this essay is to analyse the influences on development from conception to late adolescence. It will describe theories of lifespan development with information regarding my own development used to support these theories. It will be concluded that theories of lifespan development can be used to explain life experiences in the different developmental domains at different
Who we are is directly related to our environment that we are nurtured around. Our development is essential to who we are as adults and will be the very fabric connected to how, what and why we act and think the way we do. I’ve decided to talk about early childhood development, which plays the most crucial part in the foundation of who we will be. At this stage we are sponges soaking up this new world we are now apart of. I will discuss physical development, cognitive development and psychosocial development pertains to early childhood development.
Piaget’s developmental stages are ways of normal intellectual development. There are four different stages. The stages start at infant age and work all the way up to adulthood. The stages include things like judgment, thought, and knowledge of infants, children, teens, and adults. These four stages were names after Jean Piaget a developmental biologist and psychologist. Piaget recorded intellectual abilities and developments of infants, children, and teens. The four different stages of Piaget’s developmental stages are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. Sensorimotor is from birth up to twenty- four months of age. Preoperational which is toddlerhood includes from eighteen months old all the way to early childhood, seven years of age. Concrete operational is from the age of seven to twelve. Lastly formal operation is adolescence all the way through adulthood.
Lifespan development is essential, as it is the changes that happen to us throughout a person’s lifespan. Our development occurs at ages stages where we develop from infancy till death. This essay will contain my life story to display the domains in 5 age stages in my lifespan development. The domains I will be exploring is in this essay is physical, emotional, cognitive, social, cultural and moral domain. The influence of biological and environmental play a significant role in my development. Development is influenced by nature or nurture and its affect will occur throughout lifespan. The changes that occur during development have stage. Each theorists has stages of development where they display the changes. This essay will explore my development that will support theorist such as Erikson, Vygotsky, Berk, Piaget and other theorist. The age stages of prenatal will display physical and emotional domain, Infancy (0-2) will portray social and emotional domain, young children (2-6) will show cognitive and social domain, middle childhood (6-12) will display socio-cultural and moral domain and adolescence will portray nature vs. nurture and cultural domain. Development is crucial for a healthy wellbeing. As a physiotherapist it is significant to understand development in age stages, as it will aid knowing how young children will react compared to an adolescence who is more development mentally, emotionally, physically, socially and culturally.
After many years of his career in child psychology Jean came up with four stages of mental development called a schema. Jean Piaget categories these stages by age but he has said ...
Play-time is an essential part of early childhood development as well as their most primitive form of expression. In an article titled “The Importance of Play” by Bruno Bettelheim, he refers to Sigmund Freud’s thoughts that play is a child’s first step in attaining “cultural and psychological achievements”. (Bettelheim 324) The author also mentions Freud’s notation of how children use play to “express” themselves. (Bettelheim 324) Play is vital for the maturation of toddlers’ emotional and mental health. Bettelheim, in his article, reflects on Fraud’s understanding of “how children use play to work through and master quite complex psychological difficulties of the past and present”. (Bettelheim 324) As a mother, I agree with this insight because I can witness the day’s events unfold through my son’s eyes as he holds batman and robin figures.
Piaget’s stage theory of cognitive development demonstrates a child’s cognitive ability through a series of observational studies of simple tests. According to Piaget, a child’s mental structure, which is genetically inherited and evolved, is the basis for all other learning and knowledge. Piaget’s
The next stage of development is when a child enters preschool, roughly from ages three to five. Children at these ages begin to exert greater control of their world, initiating games and mimicking the social interactions of adults. You may also see them to control more control of their environments enhancing and driving their leadership qualities.
Both Piaget and Vygotsky agreed that children's cognitive development took place in stages. (Jarvis, Chandler 2001 P.149). However they were distinguished by different styles of thinking. Piaget was the first t reveal that children reason and think differently at different periods in their lives. He believed that all children progress through four different and very distinct stages of cognitive development. This theory is known as Piaget’s Stage Theory because it deals with four stages of development, which are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational. (Ginsburg, Opper 1979 P. 26).
Piaget believed in four stages of cognitive development in which new schema, the framework for organizing information, are acquired. They include the sensorimotor stage which last until a child is roughly two years old. In this stage a child learns about the world around them by using their fives senses for exploration. This stage leads to an understanding of object permanence.
Jean Piaget proposed four major periods of cognitive development the sensorimotor stage (birth- 2 years), the preoperational stage (ages 2-7), the concrete operational stage (7-11), and the formal operational stage (ages 11- adulthood). He called these stages invariant sequence and believed that all children went through all these stages in the exact order without skipping one. The ages in these stages are only average ages some children progress differently. The point of this message is that humans of different ages think in different ways (Sigelman and Rider, 2015)
Child Development is a well organised and user friendly pedagogical book. Santrock says, “This book is about children’s development – its universal features, its individual variations, its nature at the beginning of the twenty-first century.”