The History of Chemistry is ancient, starting at 1000 B.C to present time. Chemistry has evolved drastically over the centuries. the first civilization to take over chemistry were the Egyptians and Babylonians founded practical knowledge concerning the arts of metallurgy, pottery and dyes, but didn't develop a systematic theory.
In this period of time tons of civilizations tried to figure out the life of chemistry and how it worked. A basic chemical hypothesis first emerged in Classical Greece with the theory of four elements by Aristotle in 300 BC where fire, air, earth and water were the fundamental elements from which everything is formed as a combination.
Greek atomism dates back to 440 BC, arising in works by philosophers such as Democritus and Epicurus. Unlike modern concepts of science, Greek atomism was basically just the philosophical in nature, with little concern for empirical observations and no concern for chemical experiments.
In 1700 BC with the scenario of King Hammurabi's reign over Babylon there where several metals recored found at the site. In 430 BC Democritus of ancient Greece and man named Democritus proclaimed the atom to be the simplest unit of matter being that all matter was composed of atoms. All of the discoveries that were made at this time we still us as the foundation to chemistry.
There are many bumps and flaws in the business of chemistry as in the trying times for the Gold industries,13th Century through the 15th Century. Although Pope John XXII issued an edict against gold-making, the gold business continued. Despite the alchemists' efforts, transmutation of cheap metals to gold never happened within this time period.
Over the years with chemistry evolving into everyday use in life, ...
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...as heroine, marijuana etc. in the hands of people who take an advantage of he life of chemistry and drastically put the future at risk another example is of preservatives. These preservatives help to keep our food from getting bad but also at the same time causes many diseases.
In your opinion, what impact will your technology have on the future?
Personally I think that is will have equally a good and bad future. I think this because there are lot of things that can go wrong with how advanced our future will be from technology in and from how our world is today. Yet again it can be good because how advanced our future will be the “bad” things wouldn’t be able to happen. I am excited to see how out future will be and anxious to see if it will be good or bad.
All and all we’ed be stuck in the past without chemistry and wouldn’t be even close to where we are now.
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Dalton’s atomic theory, which stated “the atoms were tiny, indivisible, indestructible particles” (Bender), differed drastically from that of the Greeks’ in that it “wasn’t just a philosophical statement that there are atoms because there must be atoms” (Bender). Although Aristotle believed that there are four terrestrial elements, earth, water, air, and fire, Democratus believed that “a piece of a substance can be divided into smaller pieces of that substance until we get down to a fundamental level at which you can’t divide the substance up and still have pieces of that substance” (“Atoms”). Aristotle’s theory was popular, but incorrect; Democratus’s was closer to our current theory, yet he remained relatively unpopular and obscure. This demonstrates of the key way in which a personal point of view can, in fact, retard the pursuit of knowledge. The scientist with the better oratory abilities has his theories more widely accepted. Dalton’s own theory, which extrapolated upon four basic
1. J R Partington, A history of chemistry, volume 3 . London, UK: Macmillan, 1962
In reference to both the chemist novelists, they have accurately identified several compounds that have found their way in history, but failed to mention the relationship between themselves and the changes each compound created. For example, LeCouteur and Burreson do state, “The Bronze Age, when bronze was used for weapons and tools was followed by the Iron Age, characterized by smelting of iron and the use of iron implements.”4 These chemists do note of their existence, (of bronze and iron), but failed to go into an in-depth analysis as to how each of them incorporative their usage to today’s time. Bronze for example, had shown a transition from burins tools for hunting to a durable ax and adz heads for agriculture. This ultimate transition had set the stage for a new era, filled with new findings and affects for further implications, like other metallic elements. Elements, like tin, in which LeCouteur and Burreson, state was material that the buttons from Napoleon’s army coats where made out of. This material wasn’t able to support the freezing conditions of Russia, which is believe to led have fallen apart. Nevertheless, the predicament came to be if, “the lack of buttons meant that hands were used to hold garments together rather than carry weapons?”5 Within missing chemical structures like bronze
This showed that dissolved gases were mechanically mixed with the water and weren?t mixed naturally. But in 1803 it was found that this depended on the weight of the individual particles of the gas or atoms. By assuming the particles were the same size, Dalton was able to develop the idea of atomic weights. In 1803 this theory was finalised and stated that (1) all matter is made up of the smallest possible particles termed atoms, (2) atoms of a given element have unique characteristics and weight, and (3) three types of atoms exist: simple (elements), compound (simple molecules), and complex (complex molecules).
After the eighth century a man by the name of Jabir Haiyan took anesthetic compounds out of herbs which were used for general anesthesia during operations or difficult procedures. Jabir is also known well by what we know today as the periodic table of elements. An alchemist by the name of Glauber sodium sulfate in the seventeenth century. He also was the first to produce concentrated hydrochloric acid and improved the process of manufacturing nitric acid. ( “history of alchemy”).These are just a few of many alchemists who I chose to describe today. Many invented minerals or elements that we still use today. If it weren’t for alchemists we would be missing many thing in todays world. Many of these are crucial elements for scientists
The writings of some Greek philosophers may be considered to be among the very first chemical theories, such as the theory that all things are composed of air, earth, fire, and water. Each of these were represented by different elements, such as sulfur, salt, mercury, and, ideally, gold. Other ideas held by alchemists were that each of the known elements were represented by heavenly bodies. Gold was earth's representation of the sun, silver for the moon, mercury for the planet Mercury, copper for Venus, iron for Mars, tin for Jupiter, and lead for Saturn.
The Atomic Theory began in roughly 400BC with Democritus in Ancient Greece and is universally believed to be correct today. Democritus who was born in 460 BC and died 370 BC and is known as the father of modern science. Democritus proclaimed that everything is made up of atoms. He continued his theory to say that atoms will always be in motion, between atoms there is empty space, atoms are unbreakable, there are an infinite number of atoms all different sizes and shapes. He also said that iron atoms are solid and strong and have hooks to lock them together, water atoms are smooth and slippery, salt atoms have sharp jagged edges because of its taste and air atoms are light and spiralling.
Although the periodic table wasn’t formed until 1869 many studies were made previously into the structure of the atom. In 350 BC, Aristotle, a Greek philosopher, had a theory that all matter was made up of the elements; earth, fire, air and water.7 It was a belief of his that the lighter objects had less earth than the heaver ones. Democritus made studies soon after Aristotle’s statements about the behavior of atoms. Democritus believed that “The universe is composed of two elements: the atoms and the void in which they exist and move.” 6. Democritus proposed five key ideas about the way atoms move and exist.
Dalton was the first person to develop a scientific atom theory, the ancient Greeks had ideas about the atom but could not prove it scientifically.
Wilson, David A. Alchemy: Creating Gold From Base Metal. Black Mountain, N.C.: Lorien House, 1988.
Though many people fail to realize it, chemistry is a subject essential to everyday life, due to the fact that it is the branch of science that deals with the identification of the substances of which matter is composed. But what we must understand is that everything in the universe is composed of matter, hence chemistry is necessary in learning more about the world and universe that we live in. There are many careers and fields affiliated with chemistry that people pursue to learn more about the composition of the universe, but for now, let us examine the logistics of three of these careers. These three careers involving chemistry are geochemistry, environmental chemistry, and chemical engineering.
The idea of the atom started all the way back from the ancient Greece. What is sad about this is that one philosopher’s idea it was rejected by the rest of the philosophers of the time. Philosophers like Aristotle. The ancient Greeks did not have all the modern technology we have now and were not equipped to test their atomic theory. The theory they had hypothesized was if you keep dividing something, the smallest living thing had to be an atom.
Science and Technology has been around from the beginning of time. It evolved from the everyday efforts of people trying to improve their way of life. Throughout history, humankind has developed and utilized tools, machines, and techniques without understanding how or why they worked or comprehending their physical or chemical composition. Before we go any further a definition has to be given for both Science and Technology because they are both different in their own right even though the two are almost indistinguishable. According to the Oxford Dictionary Technology can be defined as the knowledge or use of the mechanical arts and applied sciences, while Science can be defined as the branch of knowledge involving systematized observation and experiment. Science can be further divided into three separate categories; Pure, Applied and Natural Sciences. In addition technology is often defined as applied science, it is simply the application of scientific knowledge to achieve a specific human purpose, however, historical evidence suggests technology is a product of science.