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Advantages and disadvantages of Prostitution
women of the 18th century
The history of prostitution 1858
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During the late eighteenth century, particularly 1770s through 1790s, the common woman of London, England had a primacy through life because of the growing center of prostitution. Women, specifically single women, were considered to be destined for prostitution because of the absence of a male role model. However, some women found great success in this lifestyle because of the beneficial assets garnered within their interactions with their clients. As to the courts, benefiting some of these assets were due to involuntary judgments which lead to women imprisonment. Women who worked as prostitutes were compared to materialistic property used for pleasurable encounters. Often in London, these women were categorized in three different demeanors according to some of the case trials brought against them. The major characteristic was focused on the means of survival. Women struggled to survive in London because of the male dominancy overruling their judgment of their own behaviors and beliefs. Another demeanor of prostitutes was identify with theft and abuse of taking what should have been rightfully owed to them for their services. Lastly, the behavior of organized crime was in favor of prostitutes; for what they did against their clients was only to gain recognition and praise from their brothel-keeper. There was a concerned discourse about the city on whether the act of prostitution was right or wrong. London usually showed a humane attitude towards prostitutes and maintained justice for the women who choose this profession.
Life for a prostitute meant engaging in the midnight festivities that often resulted in daylight miseries. The various aspects of communication between the prostitute and their clients were drawn togeth...
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...for Moral Reform, 1688–1800,” Journal of British Studies 46, No. 2 (April 2007): pp. 290-319, Accessed March 3, 2014, JSTOR.
Karras, Ruth Mazo, Common women: Prostitution and Sexuality in Medieval England New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.
Mackay, Lynn, “Why They Stole: Women in the Old Bailey, 1779-1789,” The Journal of Social History 32, no. 3 (1999): 633, accessed October 23, 2012, JSTOR.
Nash, Stanley D., Prostitution in Great Britain 1485-1901: An Annotated Bibliography Metuchen, New Jersey & London: The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 1994.
Old Bailey Proceedings Online (www.oldbaileyonline.org, version 7.0, 04 March 2014), May 1693, trial of Elizabeth Elye (t16930531-45).
Old Bailey Proceedings Online (www.oldbaileyonline.org, version 6.0, 17 April 2011), Tabulating decade against defendant gender, between 1770 and 1799. Counting by defendant.
Over a ten-year span Sterk, immerses herself in the lifestyle of prostitution in the New York City and Atlanta area: she walked the streets with the prostitutes and observed their interactions with the various customers, and ‘pimps’ in order to gather the majority of her data. In order to gain their trust, Sterk had to go through a number of tests, and it was essential for her to have the right connections to experience the full und...
Judith R. Walkowitz is a Professor Emeritus at John Hopkins University, specializing in modern British history and women’s history. In her book City of Dreadful Delight, she explores nineteenth century England’s development of sexual politics and danger by examining the hype of Jack the Ripper and other tales of sensational nature. By investigating social and cultural history she reveals the complexity of sexuality, and its influence on the public sphere and vice versa. Victorian London had upheld traditional notions of class and gender, that is until they were challenged by forces of different institutions.
... increased, men became more involved in the sex industry. From the case of Helen Jewett and Robert P. Robinson, a new image of prostitution was created, as well as the new sporting man culture. Prostitution was not unique to women, for subcultures of male prostitutes and homosexuals existed. In the sex community, women formed support networks with one another, creating sisterhoods. As the years progressed, sex became more integrated into popular culture and public space, accessible to all classes of New Yorkers. Police and politics were often ineffective with handling prostitution, and often time’s police officers were handsomely paid off by well-known establishments; vigilantism was a result of this inadequate policing. Finally, in the late 1900s, Charles Henry Parkhurst led the most popular anti-prostitution campaign, resulting in the decline in the sex industry.
Weitzer, Ronald. "Prostitution: Facts and Fiction." Gwu.edu. George Washington University, 2007. Web. 08 Apr. 2014.
Prostitutes did not necessarily “enjoy” their sexual encounters with men, as Victorians tended to believe. Prostitution was their survival. Lower-class women did not become prostitutes because they wanted to. They became prostitutes because they had no alternate choice for survival. There were few options that allowed women to live off her own income instead of her family’s income, and once she e...
Although throughout much of the beginnings of our country the act of adultery was rampant, prostitution has always been viewed in a negative light in the United States. The mass adultery even went so far as to quell the act of prostitution due to the fact that they were simply were not needed (Esselstyn 1968). Throughout most of the ninetieth and twentieth centuries prostitution was associated with other socially immoral objects and act, such as the use of drugs, alcohol, and also the act of gambling. While society viewed these as the true threats to society, they view prostitution a...
Barry, Kathleen. "Prostitution." Reader's Companion to U.S. Women's History. 480-482. US: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, 1998. History Reference Center. Web. 21 Oct. 2013
"Virtue is something lofty, elevated and regal, invincible and indefatigable; Pleasure is something lowly and servile, feeble and perishable, which has its base and residence in the brothels and drinking houses" (Cornell & Lomas,39). Prostitution, though, not only took place in brothels and taverns. Women worked as prostitutes in brothels, inns, or baths open to the public (Pomeroy,192). They either walked the streets or stopped and stood outside the brothels, which were not allowed to open until 3 pm (Balsdon, 224). Sometimes prostitutes were used as after dinner entertainment (Edwards, 188), and many hotel owners provided their guests with prostitutes (Shelton, 327).
During this time in society the industry of prostitution was an economic gold mine. The women operate the brothel while very distinguished men in the community own and take care of the up keep. The brothel keepers are seen as nothing more than common home wrecking whores. However, the owners of the brothels are viewed as successful business men.
Sanders, Teela, Maggie O’Neil, and Jane Pitcher. Prostitution: Sex Work, Policy, and Politics. London: SAGE, 2009. eBook Collection. Web. 17 Oct. 2015.
The City of Dreadful Delight starts with some cultural analysis of the historical background that helped to produce the social landscape of Victorian London. In discussing the transformation of London, Walkowitz argues for seeing more than merely a shift from one type of city to another but rather a conflicted layering of elite male spectatorship, the “scientific” social reform, and W. T. Stead's New Journalism. Here Walkowitz investigates the “Maiden Tribute of Modern Babylon.” The “Maiden Tribute” consisted of a series of articles, authored by Stead and presented in the penny press, which exposed the sale of girls into prostitution. According to Walkowitz, these stories relied on the new scientific methods of social investigation, but the...
Wilson, Ben. The Making of Victorian Values: Decency and Dissent in Britain, 1789-1837. New York: Penguin, 2007. Print.
Concepts of femininity in eighteenth-century England guided many young women, forging their paths for a supposed happy future. However, these set concepts and resulting ideas of happiness were not universal and did not pertain to every English woman, as seen in Jane Austen’s novel, Pride and Prejudice. The novel follows the Bennet sisters on their quest for marriage, with much of it focusing on the two oldest sisters, Jane and Elizabeth. By the end, three women – Jane, Elizabeth, and Elizabeth’s friend, Charlotte Lucas – are married. However, these three women differ greatly in their following of feminine concepts, as well as their attitude towards marriage. Austen foils Jane, Charlotte, and Elizabeth’s personas and their pursuits of love, demonstrating that both submission and deviance from the rigid eighteenth-century concepts of femininity can lead to their own individualized happiness.
Prostitution dates back to as early as 2400 BC and has formed an interesting chapter in the history of civilization. Prostitution is known to be one of the oldest professions and roughly started all the way back to the 18th century in Mesopotamia. In Ancient Babylon and Sumer, one of the first ever forms of prostitution was sacred prostitution. This was where every woman, rich or poor, had to reach once in their lives the sanctuary of Mylitta (Aphrodite) and there submit themselves into the embraces of a foreigner as a symbolic sign of hospitality and respect towards the goddess. In the Ancient near east, sacred prostitution was a common thing for women to show their dedication to the deities. However, it all ended when Emperor Constantine abolished the custom, destroyed the goddess temples and replaced them for a church to teach Christianity. In Ancient Greece, Prostitution was something both women and men engaged in. The Greek word for prostitute is porne (Gr: πόρνη), derived from the verb pernemi (to sell). It was looked at more as a job rather than a sign of respect. Prostitution was something mostly women turned to when they were in dire financial need. Their activities would occur in places called a Lumpinar or Lumpinarium, which was a vaulted space or cellar. These brothels were described to be very dirty and due to the poor ventilated spaces, the smoke from the burning candles caused the smell to be very potent. Male prostitution was also very common in Ancient Greece, usually practiced in young boys. In Ancient Rome, prostitution was legal, public, and widespread. It played a role in several roman religious observances, usually in the month of April, where the love and fertility goddess presided. At the same...
At the time, English society was much more accepting of prostitution than it was generally in later periods, often given leniency in legal prosecution and regarded fairly well by the urban poor (Robinson). The concept of prostitution was widley regarded as a necessary part of society due in part to the economic struggles of the urban poor, which was what social class the majority of prostitutes were from (Robinson). This more positive standpoint does not, however, give much insight into the lives of prostitutes. The character of Corinna, however, does. Corinna is impoverished, living on the fourth floor of her building and not having enough money to buy dinner, and she goes through “Anguish, Toil, and Pain” every morning to redress herself to fit her job as a prostitute (Swift, 69). In addition to squalid living conditions, Corinna also suffers from an unnamed sexually transmitted disease that gives her “running sores” (Swift, 30). The way Corinna’s life is described makes her entire existence to be one worthy of pity and one marked by utter awfulness. She is obviously suffering greatly because of her career as a prostitute. Corinna’s situation, despite the exaggeration and bawdy descriptions meant to model her grotesquely, bears truth to the conditions of some prostitutes in Georgian London. Sexually transmitted diseases were rampant in the