The Health Belief Model (HBM) of health behaviour change was originally developed in the 1950s in order to understand and explain why vaccination and screening programs being implemented at the time were not meeting with success (Edberg 2007). It was later extended to account for preventive health actions and illness behaviours (Roden 2004). Succinctly, it suggests that behaviour change is influenced by an individuals’ assessment of the benefits and achievability of the change versus the cost of it (Naidoo and Wills 2000). For the purposes of this assignment, the author has been provided with an example client, Thomas. In order to better explain the workings of the HBM, the author will relate back to Thomas in discussing this model and how it can be implemented, along with the nurses’ responsibilities in doing so. Next, the author will explain the Stages of Change Model and Motivational Interviewing, both of which assist practitioners in implementing the HBM with clients. Finally, there will be a brief discussion of some of the strengths and weaknesses of the model. Our example client, Thomas, is a recently unemployed man in his late 50s. He has recently been in contact with the local community nurse, presenting with a leg ulcer. He lives with his wife, and their grandchildren who they care for following the death of their daughter four years ago. Thomas is a heavy smoker and drinks moderately but regularly in the nearby village to escape the stress he states he feels from the children. He is clinically obese at 19 stone and gets little exercise. He has a poor diet, and while his wife is aware of the importance of healthy eating, she lacks the confidence to make changes. When referring to Thomas in this assignment the auth... ... middle of paper ... ...nd Reversal Theory: a comparative analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing 43(3), 288–297. Hales D. (2007) An Invitation to Health, 12th edn. Thomson Wadsworth, California. Kiger A.M. (2004) Teaching for Health, 3rd edn. Churchill Livingstone,Edinburgh. Mason P. (2008) Motivational Interviewing. Practice Nurse 35(3), 43-48. Naidoo J. and Wills J. (2000) Health Promotion: Foundations for Practice, 2nd edn. Bailliere Tindall, Edinburgh. Roden J. (2004) Revisiting the Health Belief Model: Nurses applying it to young families and their health promotion needs. Nursing and Health Sciences 6, 1–10. Ryan D., Mannix McNamara P. and Deasy C. (2006) Health Promotion in Ireland: Principles, Practice and Research. Gill & Macmillan, Dublin. Williams K.B. and Bray K.K. (2009) Increasing Patient Engagement in Care: Motivational Interviewing. Access May-Jun, 36-39.
Tannahill, A., Tannahill, C., & Downie, R. S. (1999) Health Promotion. Models and Values. Oxford University Press.
This essay will demonstrate how health psychology can aid nurses in caring for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It will look at how stigma can impact on the behaviour of patients with HIV as well as explain causes for non adherence. Health psychology studies thoughts, emotions and behaviours related to health and illness. It uses a biopsychosocial approach which considers all aspects of a person's life. Health psychology allows nurses to have a better understanding of how patients perceive health, what influences health risk behaviours and what prompts people to adopt healthy behaviours (Ogden, 2012a). The health belief model (HBM), which was developed in 1966 by Rosenstock, is used as a way of explaining why people choose to use health protection behaviours (Pitts and Phillips, 1998). For the purpose of this essay the HBM will be applied to HIV to demonstrate how it can explain why some people choose not to use condoms.
Health belief model is becoming aware of threat, if a person does not see a healthcare behavior as risky or threatening there is no encouragement to act. For example, when Sabrina swims at their summer lake every day, she doesn’t realize that she is at risk of skin cancer and will most likely to continue to swim at the infected lake. According to several search, there are two main types of perceived threats such as perceived susceptibility and perceived severity. Susceptibility refers to how much risk a person perceives he or she has. On the other hand, severity refers to how serious the consequences might be to effectively change health behaviors, most people however usually believe in both susceptibility and severity. Because both susceptibly
The association between health beliefs and intentions or actual performance of health behaviours has been examined extensively within the theoretical framework of social cognitive models such as the Health Belief Model (e.g. Rosenstock, 1974), and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (e.g. Ajzen, 1985). These theoretical approaches have a number of overlapping constructs (Norman & Conner, 1996), and personal models also have similarities with elements of social cognition theories. However, personal models are unique in that they are empirically based, originating in studies of patients. Focusing on Illness cognition within the con...
The Health Belief Model (HBM) is a psychological model that attempts to explain and predict health behaviors by focusing on the attitudes and beliefs of individuals (Health Belief Model, 2014).The model encompasses ideas such as perceived susceptibility and severity of health-related behaviours, the perceived benefits and barriers, as well as cues to action.
The health behavior theories are designed to understand habits of human actions in which enable health professionals to focus on assessing means to promote positive behavioral changes (Glanz, Rimer, & Viswanath, 2015). The ability to understand certain factors in human behavior, such as how they think, where they live, what they need, and why people do what they do are all the necessary information to consider when desiring to improve behavior health. The absence of behavior theories across intervention studies will not be able to explain many of the actions of people, which will defer ceasing an epidemic of diseases like HIV. Therefore, Health Belief Model (HBM) and Transtheoretical Model (TTM) are constructed to address health behavioral changes and the level
The Health Belief Model (HBM) is the most widely used theory in health behavior applications, including health education and health promotion. The model is based on the principle that individuals are more probable to participate in a health-related action, if the person believes that he/she can prevent an unfavorable health ailment by completing such an action. HBM hypothesizes that in order to design a successful educational intervention program, the person’s perceived susceptibility, perceived severity of the illness and its ramifications; perceived benefits in taking particular measures to lower risk; perceived barriers, and cues to action are required. In it’s most general sense, the model suggests that the essential human necessities, outlooks, and reasoning practices must be recognized and comprehended before planners can develop an effective intervention program. The HBM is constructed in a manner that is easily followed and its components are easily relatable to chronic diseases such as anorexia nervosa (AN). The HBM is a predictor of preventative health; our program’s main goal is the prevention of AN, and the reduction of susceptibility in adolescents. The planners of “NO body is perfect, but EVERY body is beautiful” has applied the Health Belief Model to the anorexia prevention program because of its significant influence of the acknowledgment that prevention requires individuals to take action in the lack of sickness. Several elements of the HBM can be used in guiding the development of intervention activities in the health promotion program.
The Health Belief Model is a framework that is used for understanding service user’s health behaviours. The Health Belief Model is based on believing that a service user will seek health care related action if they believe that they are at risk of developing a certain condition and also if they believe that they can successfully and confidently take action to avoid getting the condition. A conceptual framework that describes a person's health behavior as an expression of health beliefs. The model was designed to predict a person's health behavior, including the use of health services, and to justify intervention to alter maladaptive health behavior. www.medical-dictionary.com (accessed 1/11/2016).
Lets make it quite clear that change doesn’t happen overnight nor is it ever a process easy. To make a proper and healthy life-style behavior change, you must be dedicated to put in the time and effort that’s necessary for accomplish any goal. When I first began to become engage in exercising and becoming more physically fit I found that the Health Belief Model and the Social Cognitive Theory demonstrated the progression that I have made throughout my change. To begin you do not need to try and follow through the steps provided in any given model or a theory, the reasoning behind that statement is that everyone is different so our stages of change will all differ from one another. For me, once I decided that I wanted to begin attending group-fitness classes I found that through the Health Belief Model I had to understand the perceived benefits of my change, I had to
The Health Belief Model is still a working model. “The HBM derives from psychological and behavioral theory with the foundation that the two components of health-related behavior are 1) the desire to avoid illness, or conversely get well if already ill; and, 2) the belief that a specific health action will prevent, or cure, illness.” (LaMorte) Therefore, an individual’s actions depend on the person and what he or she believes to be helpful and beneficial to their
The health belief model is a very common prevention approach. This approach says that a person will engage themselves in a positive health related behavior if they feel that a certain negative behavior can be avoided such as avoiding getting STDs, and also when they expect a positive outcome when avoiding that negative behavior and finally when the individual feels as if they are successful at the positive health behavior.
The Health Belief Model (HBM) is a psychological model that attempts to explain and predict one’s health behaviors by focusing on their attitudes and beliefs. HBM is derived from both the Stimulus Response and the Cognitive Theory. Stimulus Response Theory refers to the belief that an individual’s behavior is apparent as a result of the relationship between stimulus and response whereas Cognitive Theory suggests that the different processes concerning learning can be explained by analyzing the mental process first. Furthermore, cognitive theories consist of thinking, reasoning, hypothesizing, and expecting (Banafshe, 2015). HBM also relates to Value-Expectancy Theory in that individuals have the desire to avoid or to get better from illnesses (value) and that they can prevent illnesses through specific health actions (expectation) (Banafshe, 2015). Apart from these three theories, the key constructs of HBM must also be evaluated in order to predict one’s health-related
Edelman, C. L., & Mandle, C. L. (2010). Health promotion throughout the lifespan. (7th ed.). St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier.
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Edelman, C. L., & Mandle, C. L. (2010). Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span (7th ed.). St.Louis, Missouri: Mosby Elsevier.