Introduction
Since the late 1970s and early 1980s, a new position has become dominant in world’s major economic and political circles. This new and unprecedented situation is the term of globalization. Globalization can be seen as the present process of becoming global by the emergence of a world economy, a cosmopolitan culture and international social movements. Nowadays, we cannot avoid the notion of globalization as it affects everyone since it presents them with a world context which influences them in some of their doings.
In our daily life, the term globalization has been used in a multiplicity ways. Concepts like global interdependence of nations, the growth of a world system, accumulation on a world scale, and the global village can all be counted into the term globalization . However, it can be defined as the unfolding resolution of the contradiction between ever expanding capital and its national political and social formation . It represents the shift of the main place of capital accumulation from national to the supernational or global level. Furthermore, globalization can be understood as the arrival of ‘self-generating capital’ at the global level . Based on these different definitions of globalization, there are debates from two different sides. On group which is pro-globalization seen globalization as a useful term in understanding the organization and the nature of the movement of capitals. The other group anti-globalization says that globalization has brought the unequal power between conflicting states, classes and markets. This essay will make an effort to rethink the concepts of globalization in both pro-globalization and anti-globalization ways, and discuss if the concept of globalization has lead to a new...
... middle of paper ...
...ciety, London: SAGE Publications.
Cooper, F, 2001, What is the concept of Globalization good for?, in Africa Affairs (2001), 100,p.189-213.
Human Development Report 1996, New York. NY：United Nations Development Program. 1996:13.
Petras, J, 1999, Globalization: A Critical analysis, in Journal of Contemporary Asia 29: 1, p3-37.
Navarro, V., 1998, Comment: Whose Globalization? , in American Journal of Public Health, May 1998, Vol.88, No.5
Ravallion, M., Competion Concepts of Inequality in the Globalization Debate, [On Line] Available: http://www.jstor.org.ezproxy2.library.usyd.edu.au/pss/25063189
Sakamoto, Y, 1994, Global Transformation: Challenges to the state system , Japan: United Nations University Press.
Teeple, G, 2000, What is Globalization?, in Globalization and its Discontents, edited by McBride, S. and Wiseman, J., UK: Macmillan Press, Part I.
Steger, Manfred B. Globalization: A Very Short Introduction. 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2013. Print.
DeJonge, Alissa. Globalization: How to Maximize Gain and Minimize Pain. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.
The Globalization Reader. 2011. Fourth Edition. Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, eds. Malden MA: Blackwell Publishing.
Sassen, S. (1998). Globalization and its Discontents. In G. Bridge, & S. Watson (Ed.). The Blackwell City Reader (pp. 161-170). Oxford, U: Blackwell Publishing.
The outreach of globalization has reached unprecedented proportions. The 21st century has been marked by epochal changes in the global community that have revolutionized interactions among nations. Now more than ever, the relations among nation-states from across the globe are dually growing in complexity and becoming increasingly intertwined. Globalization, due to its expansive nature in scope, though, poses an insurmountably difficult challenge to produce a specific, yet holistic definition that encompasses the total breadth of this process. In response, scholars from the various fields define globalization subjectively- best equating the term with the matter at hand. Aspects of globalization such as the time it originated
Globalization is a very broad term which “encompasses all cross-border interactions, whether economic, politics or cultural”(Marber 67). Even though globalization is a broad term, it is meet with a lot of hostility and praise. Peter Marber’s article, “Globalization and Its Contents” seeks to explain what globalization is and what opposition it faces.
Though globalization is not perfect, it is necessary to study it in order to gain an understanding or “self clarification” of the issues that humanity is facing today( Robinson 11). Without critically thinking about globalization, it is impossible to see where its problems stem from and without knowing the source of the issues it is difficult to find solutions to those problems. The Jamacian’s in Life and Debt see the only solution to their globalization problems, and that is to completely get rid of it. While this thought is
Niam, M. (2008). The Five Wars of Globalization. In K. A. Mingst, Essentials of International Relations (pp. 151-159). New York: W.W Norton& Company Inc.
Stiglitz, Joseph E. Making Globalization Work. New York: Norton & Company, Inc., 2007. Kindle ebook file.
The term ‘globalization’ was referred by Hussein Mutalib in his studies as “the process of further integrating the global community into an inter-dependent, border-less world through means such as capital, exchange, production and information flows” (Mutalib, 2002). In essence, globalization includes: (a) economic globalization; (b) political globalization, (c) socio-cultural globalization and (d) world opinion on various issues and agendas that call for universal action (Mutalib, 2002).
Scholte, Jan Aart. Globalization - A critical introduction. International Politics Studypack for Term 2, 2006.
Centered on the current situation, stance that supports the progress of globalization will be analyzed generally from economy and employment. Due to limited scope of this essay, it will not cover all the standpoints associated with the globalization. Overall, this paper will be divided into three sections. Section one presents a brief introduction of globalization, which meanwhile includes global structures in the process of globalization. Section two and three contain examples of both the positive and negative influences of globalization.
Stiglitz, Joseph (2005), “The Overselling of Globalization,” in Bradley A. Thayer, Nuray V. Ibrayomova (eds.), Debates in International Relations (New York: Longman), 86.
Globalization, love it or hate it, but you can’t escape it. Globalization may be regarded as beneficial from an economic and business point of view, but however cannot be perceived the ditto when examined from the social sciences and humanities side of it. Globalization can be argued as a tool for economic growth, advancement and prosperity through co-operation between the developed and developing countries. The pro-globalization critics argue that the benefits that globalization brings to developing nations surpasses or outcasts the negative impacts caused by globalization and may even go a step further to state that it is the only source of hope for developing nations to prosper and stand out. However, the real question to be asked is as to what extent are the positives argued upon without taking into account the negative aspects of globalization towards developing countries. Moreover, how many developing countries out of many are exactly benefiting or even prospering from globalization is another question to consider. Therefore, my paper will dispute that indeed growth and advancement provided by globalization to developing countries is beneficial in short-term, but in the long-run, it will only bring upon negative impacts and challenges due to the obstacles involved such as exploitation of labour and resources, higher increase in poverty, and effects of multi-national corporations on local businesses and the economy, and to an extent the effects on the developing country itself.
Larsson, Thomas. The Race to the Top: The Real Story of Globalization. Cato Institute, 2001.