ounded 1869 by Emily Davies and Barbara Bodichon as The College for Women (1869-1872). Girton College from 1873, full college status 1948. Sister College – Somerville College Oxford. Men and Women – Undergraduates 483 Postgraduates 208.
Girton lies furthest north of any Cambridge college, about a 15-minute bike ride away from the city centre. The far-flung location provides an idyllic haven far away from the hustle and bustle of central Cambridge. It has impressive facilities, including on site playing fields and indoor swimming pool. Little wonder the sporting teams do well with no travelling time invading training sessions.
Girton students have a positive island mentality rising above the endlessly repeated jokes that relate to their distance from the city centre: ‘More Cambridge students have visited Australia than Girton’ – and the ultimate insult, ‘Oh I thought Girton was an Oxford college.’ As Girtonians point out: ‘They soon know who we are when we thrash them at sport!’
Most members guard the secrets of the sumptuous location with care. The wonderful facilities come complete with a surprisingly large car park to facilitate the visits of ‘nearest and dearest’ (no chance of that in central Cambridge).
A vision of the Womens’ Movement
Originally, the institution was located in Hitchin and was called The College for Women, founded by Emily Davis and her colleague Barbara Bodichon in 1869. Emily, a clergyman’s daughter, was an activist in the Women’s Movement. She believed the first step to equality and meaningful employment was a vigorous education, designed to give academic women some of the opportunities enjoyed by men. With clear purpose she launched an appeal and attracted support from many leading liberal educationalist...
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...with as a reminder of the time when women could not be awarded university degrees.
Both founders placed great value on beautiful gardens, for the creation of an agreeable atmosphere, to promote serious study. Their vision always included ‘gardens and grounds and everything good for the body, soul and spirit.’
Today Girton is co-educational providing all the usual facilities, clubs and societies for its 208 postgraduates and 483 undergraduates. There is an even gender divide with the majority (69%) of British students having been educated in the state sector. Applications per year number around 500, while the intake is about 150.
Much closer to central Cambridge, just a short walk from the University Library, is the intimate and understated accommodation annex, Wolfson Court designed by Roberts and Clark in 1979. The court has its own catering facilities and porters.
In 1840, Lucretia Mott, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton met at a World Anti Slavery Convention, where they were forbidden to enter based on their gender being female. This caused Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Stanton to create the first ever Women’s
In one section of “Men and Women’s Studies: Premises, Perils, and Promise,” Michael Kimmel discusses how men have helped women to gain equal rights within the educational system (Kimmel, 26). He explains that as pro-feminists, men who made efforts to understand feminism and support women, as well as implement equal rights for women, realized the importance of women’s education (Kimmel, 26). According to his essay, many American men, as well as women, helped to create an educational system for women, which was seen as a “revolt” against inequality and the subordination of women (Kimmel, 26-27). Kimmel argues that pro-feminists tried to provide an opportunity for every woman to study; one such example is Henry Durant, an American pro-feminism activist, who established Wellesley College for
During Reconstruction she found possession of previously unheard-of freedoms, her civil rights. The most dramatic change was the institution of schools for the education of blacks. The establishment of the Freedman’s Aid Society, founded by Shaw University, later renamed Rust College, and was where Ida attended classes. Ida possessed an interest in school, and she quickly worked her way through every book in the Rust College library. At an early age she demonstrated leadership and a strong liking to journalism.
After centuries of exclusion from the rest of society’s tasks, women decided to voice their opinions about their rights. In the early 19th century, the United States decided to reform the educational institutions, seeking to raise their standards. However, male students were the sole beneficiaries of this reform; women were not admitted into universities. Emma Hart Willard, one of the most prominent voices for women’s education, ran Middlebury Female Academy: an institution where geometry, philosophy, and other topics were taught. She proposed to establish her school to New York and have it publically funded, but New York refused; she built her school there anyway. Two years later she founded Troy Female Seminary. Emma Willard’s courage provided opportunities for other women’s rights activists. Although there was an influx of revolutionary women, many women were excluded. African American and other minorities were not included in the fight for women’s rights. Emma Willard had many reservations about the institution of slavery. Like the Antebellum period, there was a sense of improvement, but still a repetition of
Addams, whose father was an Illinois state senator and friend of Abraham Lincoln, graduated in 1881 from Rockford College (then called Rockford Women’s Seminary). She returned the following year to receive one of the school’s first bachelor’s degrees. With limited career opportunities for women, she began searching for ways to help others and solve the country’s growing social problems. In 1888, Addams and her college friend, Ellen Gates Starr, visited Toynbee Hall, the two women observed college-educated Englishmen “settling” in desperately poor East London slum where they helped the people. This gave her the idea for Hull House.
...oups: "the moderate American Woman Suffrage Association and the more extreme National Woman Suffrage Association." In addition, the Godey's Lady's Book was first published in 1830 and it was "for women, by women." Ten percent of the female population even became "spinsters," women who didn't marry, so they could keep what little rights they had.
By 1850, many states in the North and including the West used Mann’s ideas of public schools. But American still did not offer education to all. Most high-schools and even colleges did not let females be included into their schools. African Americans were made to go to different schools that received less pay by the state. Oberlin College became the first college to let women in, in addition to men. In 1837, Mary Lyon founded Mount Holyoke, the first ever nation’s first permanent women’s college.
Mary Wollstonecraft lived with a violet and abusive father which led her to taking care of her mom and sister at an early age. Fanny Blood played an important role in her life to opening her to new ideas of how she actually sees things. Mary opened a school with her sister Eliza and their friend Fanny Blood. Back then for them being a teacher made them earn a living during that time, this made her determined to not rely on men again. Mary felt as if having a job where she gets paid for doing something that back then was considered respected than she wouldn’t need a man to be giving her money. She wasn’t only a women’s right activist but she was a scholar, educator and journalist which led her to writing books about women’s rights.
In the nineteenth century, there was a shift in the view of women. They were given more of an education in order to prepare their sons to become better citizens. The reason was because the men had realized that woman needed to be better educated to teach the values of a good member of society to their children. This took place during the Revolution period. “Woman, wrote Benjamin Rush, needed to have a “suitable education” to enable them to “instruct their sons in the principles of liberty and government.” (Foner 2014). Benjamin Rush supported the right for women to receive educational opportunities.
Alice Paul grew up in a Quaker home that believed in the ethic of hard work and gender equality (Hawranick, 2008). Women were not commonly educated and if you were poor you had little educational access. Alice’s mother, Tacie, was an educated woman and expected her children to be as well. Sometimes Tacie would bring her daughter with her to suffrage meetings and Alice would learn more about discrimination against women. Alice went to college when she was 16 years old. She got her BA from Swathmor...
A college education is something that women take for granted today, but in the 1800’s it was an extremely rare thing to see a woman in college. During the mid 1800’s, schools like Oberlin and Elmira College began to accept women. Stone’s father did a wonderful thing (by 19th century standards) in loaning her the money to pay for her college education. Stone was the first woman to get a college education in Massachusetts, graduating from Oberlin College in 1843. Her first major protest was at the time of her graduation. Stone was asked to write a commencement speech for her class. But she refused, because someone else would have had to read her speech. Women were not allowed, even at Oberlin, to give a public address.
“There is a double standard here that shapes our perceptions of men and women in ways that support patriarchy as a system. What is culturally valued is associated with masculinity and maleness and what is devalued is associated with femininity and femaleness, regardless of the reality of men’s and women’s lives”,( Johnson 64). In the movie Mona Lisa Smile, Betty’s mother was pressurizing Betty to make her husband read a poem at the wedding not just to act like he enjoyed the marriage but mainly because it was a tradition for men. When Betty said she didn’t care about it, her mother refused and still insisted that she should do it. Women are looked down upon when it comes to the assignment of gender roles and this is because of labels that the society has placed on the female gender. In a home, the father is always the head of the home, providing food and clothing for every family member but there are some women who like to be independent and would also love to work and make money and cater for the family. In the 19th century, women were told they were home makers and were not allowed to endeavor further in higher educational studies. Wellesley College was a college built to raise future wives and not future leaders meaning that society had already placed women below the ladder without any intention or thoughts of them climbing back
Despite these differences in presentation, design, and the relationships between the garden, viewer, and the architecture, the general goals of both garden types are inherently the same. In the Japanese tradition, these gardens are meant to function as aids in understanding one form or another. In addition, both demonstrate the emphasis on the relationship between humankind and nature—perhaps one of the most important elements of Japanese art and architecture. Bibliography:.. A. K. Davision, The Art of the Zen Garden.
The right for women to be educated has been long sought after. The history of women education started the beginning of feminism. Education, over the last two hundred years, has changed women lives in America according to Barbara M. Solomon. In the early years of American history women were discouraged from getting a higher education it would be considered unnatural for women to be educated, and women were only taught domestic skills such as sewing, cooking and child-rearing. American women began to seek opportunities for further education, as well as equal rights. The history of women’s education has evolved through events that have shaped the culture of America today. To better understand the women’s education movement, it is important to know the background of its history.
Gardeners often find deep satisfaction in their gardens because they are rewarded by their patience and