A person suffer from diabetes mellitus has high blood sugar if left untreated. Explain diabetes, blindness and kidney failure
Diabetes
Definition and diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus.
Nowadays many people, especially in the developed nations though not solely, suffer from diabetes. American Diabetes Association (2014) had studied that diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders and which reveal themselves by causing problems in insulin action/-secretion or both and results in dysfunction and eventually failure of many organs. The general symptoms of this disease are increased thirst and polyuria,which means that within 24 hours there is a urine production of at least 3+ liters, as well as glycosuria,which is the presence of glucose in urine. Many patients also lose a lot of weight or suffer from blurry vision. If untreated, the worst cases of diabetes mellitus can cause ketoacidosis, in which the body produces acidic ketones from fatty acids due to a lack of insulin (usually in diabetes mellitus type 1). In type 2, a hyperosmolar and hyperglycemic state can result from high blood sugar, which dehydrates the body and increases cell osmolarity. Both complications may lead to death. In the long term, people suffering from diabetes are prone to sexual dysfunction, blindness, renal (kidney-) failure and foot ulcers or even amputation (due to diabetic neuropathy- damaged nerves). Cardio-, cerebro- and peripheral vascular complications also occur in higher number in these patients.
There are three commonly used tests for diabetes mellitus. For diabetes mellitus type 2 the best method to diagnose is the hemoglobin A1c test, which shows the average glucose levels over the course of three months. Should the result...
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Diabetes education is a structured education and self-management (at diagnosis and regularly reviewed and reinforced) to promote awareness. Diet and lifestyle, healthy diet, weight loss if the person is overweight, smoking cessation, regular physical exercise. Maximizing glucose control while minimizing adverse effects of treatment such as hypoglycemia. Reduction of other risk factors for complications of diabetes, including the early detection and management of hypertension, drug treatment to modify lipid levels and consideration of antiplatelet therapy with aspirin. Early intervention for complications of diabetes,, including cardiovascular disease, feet problems, eye problems, kidney problems and neuropathy.
The pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus in is related to the insulin hormone. Insulin is secreted by cells in the pancreas and is responsible for regulating the level of glucose in the bloodstream. It also aids the body in breaking down the glucose to be used as energy. When someone suffers from diabetes, however, the body does not break down the glucose in the blood as a result of abnormal insulin metabolism. When there are elevated levels of glucose in the blood, it is known as hyperglycemia. If the levels continue to remain high over an extended period of time, damage can be done to the kidneys, cardiovascular systems; you can get eye disorders, or even cause nerve damage. When the glucose levels are low in one’s body, it is called hypoglycemia. A person begins to feel very jittery, and possibly dizzy. If that occurs over a period of time, the person can possibly faint. Diabetes mellitus occurs in three different forms - type 1, type 2, and gestational.
The editorial explains that diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of irreversible renal failure, known more commonly as End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Diabetes mellitus can cause nerve, vascular and other problems that can result in limb amputation and blindness. There are two types of diabetes: long-duration, non-insulin dependent (type 2) and insulin-dependent (type 1). Type 1 seems to attract the most attention from Physicians and the media. Many of those that suffer from type 1 are children and young adults.
Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 44(9), 406. doi:10.3928/00220124-20130617-38. Torpy, J. M. (2011). The 'Standard' Diabetes. Jama, 305(24), 2592 pp.
Diabetes is a disease in which a person’s body in unable to make or utilize insulin properly which affects blood sugar levels. Insulin is a hormone that is produced in the pancreas, which helps to regulate glucose (sugar) levels, break down carbohydrates and fats, and is essential to produce the body’s energy. The CDC (2013) offers reliable insight, summarized here, into the different types of diabetes, some causes, and health complications that may arise from the disease.
Diabetes mellitus type 2 is an endocrine disorder that causes impaired use of carbohydrates while enhancing the use of proteins and lipids. This is called insulin resistance, in which the pancreas cannot make enough insulin to keep blood glucose levels normal, or the body is unable to use what is produced. The impairment causes blood glucose level to rise higher than normal. There is no cure for type 2 diabetes mellitus and it is life threatening when left untreated. Signs and symptoms of this disorder include vision changes, increased thirst, increased hunger, increased frequency of urination, stomach pain, nausea and vomiting, erectile dysfunction, and absences of mentruation. These can occur abruptly, or over a long period of time. Long-term complications from diabetes include kidney damage, eye damage, and blindness. The risk factors for developing diabetes mellitus include genetics, sedentary lifestyle, high blood pressure, history of diabetes during pregnancy, poor diet, obesity, high cholesterol, and abdominal obesity. Diabetes mellitus can be managed through the use of medication, or by reducing risk factors, such as avoiding obesity, inactivity, and poor nutrition.
Jost, Kenneth. “Diabetes Epidemic: why is this serious disease on the increase?” The CQ Researcher (March 9, 2001): 185-200
Glucose is a sugar that plays a big part in a human’s health and well-being. This sugar is a major source of energy for the body’s brain and cells. The Cells that receive energy from glucose help in the building of the body’s muscle and tissue. Although glucose may be important to the body too much of this sugar can cause a chronic condition called Diabetes. Diabetes, also known as Diabetes mellitus, is a chronic condition that is caused by too much sugar in the blood. This condition can affect all age groups. In fact, in 2010 a survey was taken by the National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse, on the number of newly diagnosed diabetes. Out of 1,907,000 people: 24.38% were ages 20-44, 55.17% were ages 45-64, and 20.45% were ages 65 and greater. Diabetes is a very serious condition, and it can be deadly if left untreated. This paper will help better educate the reader on the signs and symptoms, the testing process, and the management of diabetes.
A. One condition is known as hyperglycemia, which means that the blood glucose gets too
As diabetes mellitus has 3 different forms, the following report will focus primarily on type 2 diabetes as it is the most prevalent, accounting for 85% of cases (Austalian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2013).
... American Diabetes Association. “Diabetes Statistics.” American Diabetes Association. Page - American Diabetes Association.
Retrieved from http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/diabetic/diabetic.htm.
Diabetes is a common disease, which can be a serious, life-long illness caused by high levels of glucose in the blood. This condition is when the body cannot produce insulin or lack of insulin production from the beta cells in the islet of Langerhans in the pancreas. Diabetes can cause other health problems over time. Eye, kidneys, and nerves can get damaged and chances of stroke are always high. Because of the serious complications, the purposes of teaching a plan for diabetes patients are to optimize blood glucose control, optimize quality of life, and prevent chronic and potentially life-threatening complications.
That is to say that “People with diabetes have high blood glucose, also called high blood sugar or hyperglycemia” (“Diagnosis”). In order to seek the proper care for diabetes, patients must undergo: distinguishing its symptoms, classifying if it is pre-diabetes or type 2 diabetes, and the proper treatment.
Chronic Kidney Disease. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 2014. Web. 20 May 2014.