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chemistry chp 10/11 the gas laws
gas law lab discussion
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Conclusion:
The results indicate that there is a direct correlation between the Volume and the Pressure exerted within it, at a constant temperature. While there is a relatively large error range in which the data could be found it seems conclusive that a decreasing power trend line is formed as the volume increases. This means that as the volume increases the pressure will decrease at ever reducing rates. These results are very similar and represent the general trends that are believed to be true by the wider scientific community. While this may not mean that there will always be a correlation, although it has yet to be proven otherwise, it certainly helps to support the accuracy of our data. However from Boyles’s law we can tell that the data isn’t extremely accurate. The K1 results, in theory, should all be equal to each other, yet as shown in the data table this clearly isn’t the case. While my average for the K1 values was 9.85xx there was an approximant ±3.25% difference in values*11 which shows how large an inaccuracy there was with the recoding system. However some of this can be accounted for by the change in temperature. While the temperature was set at 3010K it did slightly fluxuate and while it may have only been to no more than one degree it would still make an impact on the invalidity of the data. In this data set looking at the X and Y intercepts has very little value as both the X and Y’s zero values are asymptotic. Practically is helps us little as an intimately small box can never be reached. All this means that from the results we can conclude the nature of the relationship (i.e. that is not an exponential correlation) however the data points are reasonably inaccurate and so could not be used without a further ...
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...could have solved these issues. However because of financial and technological difficulties the apprehension of this was not possible. Despite this, the same results can be achieved by repeating the experiment as many times as possible, 10 -12 times would be ideal. This hopefully will help make outliers more apparent in which human error or technical error may have occurred, allowing for their removal and a more accurate result to be achieved. A more accurate program would have allowed much more precision, accuracy and easy reproductively making it by far the most important improvement I would make. My time management during this practical was reasonably effective as I was able to take recordings and repeat it three times with in the allotted lesson. This gave me an extra day in which to write the report, allowing me to submit both the report and the draft on time.
Also we might have been shaking the test tubes at different speed which may have caused a greater number of bubbles to be released. Overall I felt that the experiment was accurate and reliable and there was not much that could have been changed on it.
...e been beneficial to the experiment. An error may have occurred due to the fact that measurements were taken by different individuals, so the calculations could have been inconsistent.
In conclusion the experiment was carried out and had great success proving my prediction to be correct and enabling solid and valid results which were able to be put in a graph. I believe my prediction could have been more accurate or more backed up if I had made a quantitative prediction. Though what I believed would happen did happen during the experiment which helped to understand the graph and the results which led me to be able to write a thorough report on them.
Discussion: The percent of errors is 59.62%. Several errors could have happened during the experiment. Weak techniques may occur.
Going into details of the article, I realized that the necessary information needed to evaluate the experimental procedures were not included. However, when conducting an experiment, the independent and dependent variable are to be studied before giving a final conclusion.
Planning Firstly here is a list of equipment I used. Boiling tubes Weighing scales Knife Paper towels 100% solution 0% solution (distilled water) measuring beakers potato chips Cork borer. We planned to start our experiment by doing some preliminary work. We planned to set up our experiment in the following way.
In this experiment, there were several objectives. First, this lab was designed to determine the difference, if any, between the densities of Coke and Diet Coke. It was designed to evaluate the accuracy and precision of several lab equipment measurements. This lab was also designed to be an introduction to the LabQuest Data and the Logger Pro data analysis database. Random, systematic, and gross errors are errors made during experiments that can have significant effects to the results. Random errors do not really have a specific cause, but still causes a few of the measurements to either be a little high or a little low. Systematic errors occur when there are limitations or mistakes on lab equipment or lab procedures. These kinds of errors cause measurements to be either be always high or always low. The last kind of error is gross errors. Gross errors occur when machines or equipment fail completely. However, gross errors usually occur due to a personal mistake. For this experiment, the number of significant figures is very important and depends on the equipment being used. When using the volumetric pipette and burette, the measurements are rounded to the hundredth place while in a graduated cylinder, it is rounded to the tenth place.
A random error is caused by any factor which randomly affects the amount of scatter in the data. An increase in sample size allows averages to be calculated which reduces the effects of these random errors. By removing outliers in the data, the effect of random errors can be further minimised. A large amount of scatter in results indicated low precision and a large number of random errors. Some possible random errors in this experiment may have arisen when measuring the 12mL of milk solution for each test tube; some may have had slightly more and others slightly less than 12mL. Another random error could have occurred when adding 4 drops of methylene blue, some drops may have contained more liquid than others, meaning some test tubes may have contained less methylene blue indicator than
...ore reliable if it were possible to do more trials to make sure that the data that was found was correct. This experiment could’ve been more reliable if some mistakes weren’t made like, the inaccuracy of weighing and measuring the potatoes. This could have affected the results by throwing off all the data and giving numbers that were nowhere near accurate. Another mistake that could’ve been made was the amount of solution put into each test tube. Some of the test tubes may have had to little or not enough of its solution. Some ways to fix both of these problems would be to weigh and measure each potato core more than once which is not what was done. A way to fix the inaccuracy of the amount of salt water put into each test tube would be to measure the solutions into a different container to make sure it’s an accurate measurement, then pouring it into the test tube.
There is also the potential of human error within this experiment for example finding the meniscus is important to get an accurate amount using the graduated pipettes and burettes. There is a possibility that at one point in the experiment a chemical was measured inaccurately affecting the results. To resolve this, the experiment should have been repeated three times.
Thermodynamics is the branch of science concerned with the nature of heat and its conversion to any form of energy. In thermodynamics, both the thermodynamic system and its environment are considered. A thermodynamic system, in general, is defined by its volume, pressure, temperature, and chemical make-up. In general, the environment will contain heat sources with unlimited heat capacity allowing it to give and receive heat without changing its temperature. Whenever the conditions change, the thermodynamic system will respond by changing its state; the temperature, volume, pressure, or chemical make-up will adjust accordingly in order to reach its original state of equilibrium. There are three laws of thermodynamics in which the changing system can follow in order to return to equilibrium.
Both graphs and data tables show that no anomalous results were present. This is evident within the data as no one point cause a major shift in the trend of the results.
Since the days of Aristotle, all substances have been classified into one of three physical states. A substance having a fixed volume and shape is a solid. A substance, which has a fixed volume but not a fixed shape, is a liquid; liquids assume the shape of their container but do not necessarily fill it. A substance having neither a fixed shape nor a fixed volume is a gas; gases assume both the shape and the volume of their container. The structures of gases, and their behavior, are simpler than the structures and behavior of the two condensed phases, the solids and the liquids
Air is composed of molecules. Air is matter. It has mass and takes up space. Air is composed of different gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases. Air molecules are in constant motion. As they move, they come in contact with surfaces. Air molecules push and press on the surfaces they contact. The amount of force per unit area that air molecules exert on a surface is called air pressure. (What is Air Pressure 6) Air pressure is caused by all of the air molecules in the Earth's atmosphere pressing down on the Earth's surfaces. We can measure air pressure to help us predict weather conditions around the world. Temperature also affects air pressure because air contracts when it cools and expands when it is heated. So if air above a region of Earth cools, it does not extend to as high an altitude as the surrounding air. In this case, its pressure at higher temperature is lower than in the surroundings even when the pressure at the surface is the same as in surrounding areas. Then air flows into the cooler region at high altitude, making the total weight of air above the region greater than in the surroundings. This is a "high". The cool air descends to the earth's surface. Near the surface, the falling air spreads out,
Compero, L., D. Walker, E. E. Atienzo & J. P. Gutierrez. 2011. A quasi-experimental evaluation of