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Black Power Movement in History grade 12
Montgomery bus boycott reactions
Black Power Movement in History grade 12
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A group of people risked their life to obtain equality for African Americans in the south. The Freedom Riders were a group of around 13 people. Most of them were African Americans but there were always a few white skinned people in the group as well. There was no set leader for the Freedom Riders. The Freedom Riders rode interstate buses into the Southern United States. The south was referred to as the most segregated part of the U.S. The main goal of the Freedom Riders was to desegregate and become “separate but equal.” They had also set out to defy the Jim Crow Laws. The Freedom Riders had a little bit of help from two court cases: Irene Morgan v. Commonwealth of Virginia and Boynton v. Virginia. These court cases ruled that it was unjust to enforce segregation on buses. This made it easier for the Freedom Riders. Just because the buses were desegregated didn’t make it easier for the Freedom Riders though they were harassed, beaten upon, and were called extremely rude and derogatory terms. The Freedom Riders took an alternative approach to protesting. No violence was used by the Freedom Riders whatsoever. This brought a question to mind: to ask the question what were the strategies of the Freedom Riders and how were they effective in the south. Were they successful? The Freedom Riders used strategies such as Sit INS in local bars, Non-violent protests and the Montgomery Bus Boycotts and the lack of support from the officials. The Freedom riders were very successful in their attempts to decimate segregation in the south. One of the strategies used by the freedom riders were sit ins. Sit INS is an action defined as one or more people occupying an area for protest. They just sat in a segregated bar or lunch counters. The Freedom... ... middle of paper ... ... used the police from local authorities. All in all the Freedom Rides were a major part in the success of the Civil Rights Movement. The Freedom Riders were one of the few groups to go in and face the segregated south. Their historic and remarkable actions are inspirational to those who live today. The Civil Rights Movement was very successful due to the help from the Freedom Riders. All it took was to see African Americans to put their own lives in danger and for white people to use them as punching bags. Lastly, Racism is still going on today and there is still the Bull Connors of it as well. God created everyone in his own image so we are all made equal. Everyone should be treated equally. It is very sad to see the Freedom Riders walk away with very serious injuries but that’s what they had to do. The Freedom Riders are an inspiration to everyone living today.
Black liberation was stalled once again in 1961 and 1962, as white savagery reared its head again and black people were forced to deal with the reality that success was not inevitable, yet. Still more "sit-ins", "shoe- ins" were led to combat segregation in public places which were met with violent responses from some white people. These responses ranged from burning down a bus with black people to assaulting black passengers on a train car in Anniston. These racist white people also targeted other white people who were deemed as sympathizers to black struggle or "nigger lovers". Police refused to arrest the white aggressors and in some cases also refused to protect the black people. The Freedom Rides resulted in both losses and gains in the civil rights movement. People came to the realization that justice will not be won through merely trying to persuade Southern whites with peaceful protest but only "when
This documentary, “The Freedom Riders” shows the story of courageous civil rights activists called ‘Freedom Riders’ in 1961 who confronted institutionalized and culturally-accepted segregation in the American South by travelling around the Deep South on buses and trains.
Riders ended up staying (WGBH). Overall, there is no doubt that the Freedom Riders had the courage to fight a battle they believed in. They gave many others hope for African American rights in the future. Not only this, but as well as the bravery to take on small tasks themselves, like when Aibaleen helped Skeeter write The Help.
On December 5, 1955, thousands of African Americans in Montgomery, Alabama walked, carpooled, or hitchhiked to work in an act of rebellion against segregation on buses. This bus boycott was not the first of its kind – black citizens of Baton-Rouge, Louisiana had implemented the same two years prior – but the bus boycott in Montgomery was a critical battle of the Civil Rights Movement. Though the original intent of the boycott was to economically cripple the bus system until local politicians agreed to integrate the city’s buses, the Montgomery Bus Boycott impacted the fabric of society in a much deeper way. Instead of only changing the symptoms of a much larger problem, this yearlong protest was the first step in transforming the way all Americans perceived freedom and equality. Though the boycott ended when the Supreme Court ruled bus segregation unconstitutional, this was not directly caused by the refusal to ride buses, and thus cannot be defined as the primary triumph of the boycott. Instead, the Montgomery Bus Boycott succeeded in changing the consciousness of millions of Americans, specifically southern blacks. A revolution of the mind was the greatest success of the Montgomery Bus Boycott, and this transformation occurred due to the small validations throughout the boycott that African Americans, as unified, free citizens, had power.
Sit-ins were a form of peaceful protest where a person, in this case an African American or a supporter of the Civil Rights Movement, would sit in a restaurant that was known to deny service to African Americans and would refuse to give up the seat until served by the establishment. In effect, this would force the establishment to either integrate their establishment or call the police. If the latter was done, it was usually publicized. The media is of great importance because it forces the public to see what is going on. It also encouraged other cities to follow suit and perform them in their locales. The movement also spread to other sectors like housing and retail.
The Freedom Rides were a vital part of history because they set the foundation for racial equality throughout the South, whether it be public restrooms, dining rooms or transportation. The Freedom Rides was a landmark event in the civil rights movement. The 1961 Freedom Rides were a series of organized interstate bus rides to the South, meant to challenge the discriminatory Jim Crow Laws. Although the Rides were a form of civil disobedience, technically, they were protesting peacefully to maintain the federal laws against discrimination. The event began when the Fellowship of Reconciliation founded the Congress of Racial Equality with the vision of a nonviolent, interracial civil rights organization in mind.
In 1964 there was a protest outside the US consulate in Canberra that two thousand people had attended to protest about racial segregation and civil rights in the United States. Many people of the general public stated things such as if protesters are going to so much trouble why not protest about racial segregation within our own country. These comments had lead to the making of our own Australian Freedom Riders which were based on the American Freedom Riders who were making a difference with civil rights and discrimination in America. They travelled across America to raise awareness of the issues when it came to the African-American’s rights and they helped achieve equality. The Australian Freedom Riders helped in achieving freedom for the Indigenous Australians just like the Americans.
The Selma marches changed many opinions about the Civil Rights movement. The images of law enforcement beating the nonviolent protesters were shown all over the country by television and newspapers. This brutality made people open their eyes to the problematic segregation of the south. It then made the marches get bigger and bigger demanding rights. To many the Selma Marches are regarded as the peak of the civil rights movement. In 1996 the 54 mile Selma-to-Montgomery Historic Trail was established and will forever be remembered for the endurance of the marchers and the voting rights that stemmed from these marches.
The Freedom Rides took place in the early May, 1961 where two groups of students riding in integrated Greyhound buses would stop at rest stops and blacks would go into white only bathrooms and whites would go into black only bathrooms. These bus rides were supposed to start at Washington DC and go on straight through the Deep South. These students were trying to protest interstate segregation laws and put an end to them. The trip went smoothly at first, but later everything went south as one bus got burned and the people inside were beaten. The second bus was stopped not to long after and everyone onboard was beaten and put in a hospital. Neither bus made it to their destination but it did put an immense amount of attention on them as a multitude of people followed in their footsteps and over a hundred buses became dragged into a freedom ride. (A Time for Justice )This shows how much these students were willing to take as in being beaten without fighting back and it also shows the amount of dedication involved.
This is not only shown by the successful nature of the bus boycott, but it is shown through the success of Martin Luther King’s SCLC, or Southern Christian Leadership Conference. The conference was notable for peaceful protesting, nonviolence, and civil disobedience. Thanks to the SCLC, sit-ins and boycotts became popular during this time, adding to the movement’s accomplishments. The effective nature of the sit-in was shown during 1960 when a group of four black college students sat down at a Woolworth’s lunch counter in hopes of being served. While they were not served the first time they commenced their sit-in, they were not forced to leave the establishment; their lack of response to the heckling and ill-treatment they received inspired blacks throughout the deep South to imitate their actions....
The focus of the video documentary "Ain't Scared of your Jails" is on the courage displayed by thousands of African-American people who joined the ranks of the civil rights movement and gave it new direction. In 1960, lunch counter sit-ins spread across the south. In 1961, Freedom Rides were running throughout the southern states. These rides consisted of African Americans switching places with white Americans on public transportation buses. The whites sat in the back and black people sat in the front of the public buses. Many freedom riders faced violence and defied death threats as they strived to stop segregation by participating in these rides. In interstate bus travel under the Mason-Dixon Line, the growing movement toward racial equality influenced the 1960 presidential campaign. Federal rights verses state rights became an issue.
Political protesting within today’s society is often relegated to mass marches, social media usage, and other large acts. Unfortunately, small and simple everyday acts of protest are often overlooked or deemed useless in the long run. Sadly, this diminishes most of the protests that take place within America. However, this is not a new trend, but one that can be seen throughout American history, specifically within Jim Crow laws and segregation Deep South during World War II. Within Robin Kelley’s “Congested Terrain,” the way lower and middle-class black citizens fought for their rights to the public spaces within Birmingham Alabama are explored. Because the space in buses was much less defined that other public, segregated spaces, black
The attention drew from both historical events highlighted the inequality present, between the black and white. It created an shadowing type of effect, which impacted on society. It influenced many black people to take a stand, especially those who had accepted this type of discriminating behaviour as an inevitable part of their day. The Freedom Rides were successful in their work due to their strategy. In this case, it was power, people power. Power creates change, whether it’s for the better, or worse. An example of this would be towards the end of the US Freedom Rides. Violence and arrests continued to amass national and international attention due to the media and newspaper coverage. This drew hundreds of more freedom riders to the cause. The US Freedom Ride had inspired many people to mirror their work, which added to the accumulation of the population fighting for rights and equality between races, specifically public transport in this
White and black activists wanted to test if it would be upheld, especially, in the Deep South, so in 1947, a group did test the enforcement. This group of people would be come to known as the Freedom Riders. Freedom Riders were an average group of citizens, students, blacks, whites, teachers, activists who came to form a confluence of people uniting for freedom of travel. Nothing about the movement was illegal, yet because of the deeply rooted racism, they were continually faced with heckling, mob violence, and destruction. After enduring harsh burnings, arrests, and beatings for riding the bus together in the South, the Freedom Riders became a symbol for the nation to help reignite and progress the advancement for civil rights of African Americans. The Freedom Riders' strong coalition, non-violent practice, and perseverance showed how the average person could bring about change and pushed the civil rights movement onto the national
The children's march was one of the most important events that took place during the civil rights movement. It had a huge effect and impact on society because it was a eye-opener to the people, that it had reached to a point where young children were being sent out to march and to fight for their own freedom and the freedom of other African Americans in their country. The reason it consisted of children and not grown adults was because the adults were aware of the consequences that could take place if they were to march, so they decided that the children should do it since they had nothing to lose. It was great shock because as the kids were marching the last thing they and the people of Birmingham were expecting was to be attacked by the police. The Police weren't afraid or even hesitant about using very harsh tactics against the kids. They used fire hoses that were so strong that it took four men to just hold it, and they also used police dogs which were very vicious and violent. What made it so interesting and in a way inspiring is the fact that the children continued to sing as they were being beat, sprayed with tons of water, and bitten by guard dogs. Its amazing and liberating to see how passionate these children are about fighting against slavery. Its very sad to know that these children had to be exposed to the arrogance of people who had so much more knowledge than they had, at such a young age.