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Religion as cause of conflict
Religion as cause of conflict
Is religion a major cause of conflict
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France during the 1800s was a dangerous war ground filled with distrust and greed for power. Political disputes, bloodshed, prejudice, and more tore France apart. In 1871, the Franco-Prussian war resulted in France being defeated and humiliated. The war France thought it easily could win resulted in France’s Third Republic ceding their provinces of Alsace and Lorraine to Germany, the victor (Krieger p.171). Soon after France’s defeat in war, the people of Paris formed a radical group called the “Commune.” The Commune rejected the new conservative government to be established and started a revolt in Paris. This led to a two month siege of Paris by government troops, who brutally crushed all in opposition to the new government (France, 1800-1900A.D.). This bloody suppression only intensified the citizens’ bitter hatred for the French government. In addition, in 1894, the Dreyfus Affair left the French feeling tremendously betrayed. Captain Alfred Dreyfus, a Jewish officer, was pronounced guilty of selling military secrets to the Germans and condemned to the rest of his life in prison. Though Dreyfus was completely innocent, anti-Semites and other military officers prevented Dreyfus from being vindicated until 1906 (Krieger p. 172). The clear injustice and prejudice in the Dreyfus Affair revealed the widespread anti-Semitism and deepened political divisions in France. These major events and numerous others damaged France’s appearance to the world as well as their national pride. France’s painful scars and deep divisions could only be healed by a unifying factor, the new expression of art: impressionism.
Although France was politically divided and hurt, France managed to be a major center of beautiful culture and expression, which ...
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Hurt, Perry . "Revolution in Paint." North Carolina Museum of Art. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Nov. 2013. . NCMA Conservator and Curator of "Revolution in Paint"
"Impressionism (late 1800s)." Scholastic, Helping Children Around the World to Read and Learn. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Nov. 2013. .
Krieger, Larry. AP European history crash course. Piscataway, N.J.: Research & Education Association, 2010. Print.
"Port Manech." The State Hermitage Museum: Digital Collection . IBM, n.d. Web. 28 Nov. 2013. .
"Rehs Galleries Inc." Henry Moret. Rehs Galleries Inc., n.d. Web. 28 Nov. 2013.
The J. Paul Getty Trust . "The J. Paul Getty Museum." Understanding Formal Analysis. The J. Paul Getty Trust , n.d. Web. 28 Nov. 2013.
France has had a presence in North America since long before the birth of the United States. Most American history looks back at France's presence on the continent largely from the British side of events that occurred. W. J. Eccles' France In America introduces readers to French history in North America drawing largely from the french side of events. Eccles begins the book around the year 1500 with early french exploration and the events that eventually lead to colonization. France In America details the events that took place in France and french colonies from colonial beginnings to the years following the American Revolution.
To summarize the book into a few paragraphs doesn't due it the justice it deserves. The beginning details of the French and Ind...
Walcutt, Charles Child. "Sherwood Anderson: Impressionism and the Buried Life." The Achievement of Sherwood Anderson. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1966. 158-170.
There are many cumulative events that have influenced Western Civilization reflective in today’s modern world, but the most impactful was the French Revolution. Western Civilization has many historic milestones building to the world as we know it, but none set such broad themes that are felt in our everyday life. Many of these themes have become so ingrained into the way we live that we can’t understand a world without them. For this reason, the effects of the French Revolution molded the westernized world more so than any other event. I consider the French Revolution the catalyst to how our world is shaped today. It’s ideas and events continue to echo through our lives century after century.
Beginning in mid-1789, and lasting until late-1799, the French Revolution vastly changed the nation of France throughout its ten years. From the storming of the Bastille, the ousting of the royal family, the Reign of Terror, and all the way to the Napoleonic period, France changed vastly during this time. But, for the better part of the last 200 years, the effects that the French Revolution had on the nation, have been vigorously debated by historian and other experts. Aspects of debate have focused around how much change the revolution really caused, and the type of change, as well as whether the changes that it brought about should be looked at as positive or negative. Furthermore, many debate whether the Revolutions excesses and shortcomings can be justified by the gains that the revolution brought throughout the country. Over time, historians’ views on these questions have changed continually, leading many to question the different interpretations and theories behind the Revolutions effectiveness at shaping France and the rest of the world.
The France practically changed from being an absolute monarchy to a republic overnight. Everything that the people of France had ever known was changed in a heart-beat. Their once beloved king had just been guillotined and it was now time to set up a new political system. The leaders of the revolution, the Jacobins, imagined a representative government that ruled on the principals of “liberte,” “egalite,” and “fraternity,” liberty, equality and broth...
As the tour of the museum began, it was easily noticed that all of the objects on display were placed behind thick glass cases. Many plaques inside of the case provide the visitor with information about the specific case that is being looked at. In most cases the plaques didn’t so much provide an elaboration on the pieces, but rather expand upon the historical context of the pieces. Also, the plaques shed light onto muc...
The European History of the World; Jerome Blum, Rondo Cameron, Thomas Barnes; Little, Brown and Company Boston, 1970; 267-293
In the book, Organizing for War: France 1870-1914, Rachel Chrastil delivers a new perspective on the recovery after the Franco-Prussian War (1870-71). Chrastil provides an account of French citizens in their pursuit of recovery and preparation in the nation-state. Specifically, recovery from the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War and preparation for future conflicts, so the French never have to face that kind of defeat again. Chrastil also offers a unique examination of the internal problems challenging France, and the attempts to recover and restore the citizens and the state. The Franco-Prussian War served as a period for reconstruction, it allowed the French citizens to reevaluate what responsibilities they had in times of war and
Karl, Kenneth. Cracking the AP European History Exam New York: Princeton Review Publishing, 2004: 118-120
Walcutt, Charles Child. "Sherwood Anderson: Impressionism and the Buried Life." The Achievement of Sherwood Anderson. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1966. 158-170.
Barnett, Peter. “The French Revolution in Art”. ArtId, January 7th 2009. Web. 5th May 2013.
Impressionism is the name given to the art movement that changed art forever. Starting in France in the 1860's, Impressionism was considered a radical break from tradition.1 Through the work of artists including Édouard Manet, Claude Monet, Pierre Renoir, Camille Pissarro and Edgar Degas impressionism was born. Impressionists painted outside and focused greatly on light and its reflection. They painted quickly on primed white canvas with short visible brushstrokes and placed separate colours side by side letting the viewer’s eyes mix them. (Techniques uncommon to art at this time) Regarding their subject they again broke with tradition and painted anything they wanted including the modernity of Paris and the everyday life of its citizens. This new found freedom regarding subject along with unconventional techniques greatly displeased the L’École des Beaux-Arts where academic artists would have worked on subjects such as history, royalty and mythology.2 In contrast to the impressionists their work had a smooth varnished finish, showing little to no evidence of the artist’s presence. Having introduced Impressionism, I aim to in this essay analyse why the city of Paris is at the heart of the impressionist movement. Firstly by looking at how Paris helped create the impressionist movement and secondly how Paris fuelled it.
French Revolution, a major movement in the history of France is a subject of controversy for the historians because of the fact it took a different path than which it had started on. French revolution which began in 1789 was to establish a constitutional monarchy and end the inequality that was present in the contemporary France. But it however seemed to be derailed from that path and emerged as a radical movement that resulted in the dictatorship and brought an unexpected situation of terror and violence in the society. Here, in this essay we will discuss this transition and its possible reason and the consequences. If we look back into the revolutionary history of any nation or any great historical movement in the world we can see that revolution always results as the injustice, social disorder, weak government, lack of proper law and people’s capacity to tolerate such flaws comes to
Holt, Elizabeth G. From the Classicist to the Impressionists: Art and Architecture in the 19th Century. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1966.