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Ford Motor Company Strategic Audit
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to give a brief detail of the strategic audit of Ford Motor Company. The method of research used was Internet research by topic. In addition to the class textbook audit example used, other written references in the area of Ford Motor Company were used, in order to develop the subject more in detail. This topic was selected among a series of topics of general interest in the area of strategic audit for a corporation, as a class requisite. The different aspects of development and research studies findings are discussed in detail or briefly. The subject of “Strategic Audit of a Corporation” is what this paper is about. Some of these topics are briefly discussed.
Ford Motor Company
The current situation of the Ford Motor Company, revenue of $44 billion, 6 percent above second quarter 2006. The company net income of $750 million, or 31 cents per share, for the second quarter of 2007. Profit of $258 million, or 13 cents per share, from continuing operations excluding special items. There was a significant year-over-year improvement for all automotive operations. Ford Motor Credit pre-tax profit of $112 million. Cost reductions of $600 million; $1.1 billion through the first half of 2007. There was automotive gross cash at June 30, 2007 of $37.4 billion.
Ford Motor Company sales and revenue over the last three years has fluctuated tremendously, 2005 was 176.8 billion, 160.1 billion and for the year of 2006 and 172.5 billion for 2007. The current return on investment is -10.4 as of 2007.
Ford Motor Company current mission statement is “committed to provide personal mobility for people around the world”. With that in mind their vision is to become the world’s leading Consumer Company for automotive products and services. By improving everything they do, the company provide superior returns to their shareholders (Vision, Mission, Values).
"Ford Motor Company's objective is to deliver a total return to shareholders in the top quartile of the S&P 500 over time”. The company will meet this goal by the transformation into the world's leading consumer company for automotive products and services which make attractive dividend yield and growth in their share price (Ford Motor Company increases fourth-quarter dividend by nine percent).
Over time, Ford business strategy has responded to the challenges of the motor industry. The corporate culture of Ford management is establishing strategic business units that complement the company's global scale and structure.
In 1984, with costs reduced, Ford started to repurchase 30 million shares (about 10% of the company’s stock). It’s production of cars in Mexico increased and output was stepped up in South Korea. The following year Ford introduced the Taurus, a modern full-size automobile which had taken 5 years to develop at a cost of $3 billion. The Taurus proved highly successful and won several design awards.
Overall, General Motors has had five profitable years with increasing sales during the same period. GM has also paid a fixed dividend to its shareholders over the same period. The one-year, which was below average for GM, was 1998. During this period, GM was restructuring its top management and operations and also incurred a union strike of 54 days. However, GM did return to better performance in 1999 and 2000. GM overall was able to attain a fixed dividend of $2.00 per share and increase the shareholders value over the past five years.
Ford Motor Company was founded in 1903 by Henry Ford. The company remained a private company until January 1956, when public sale of the common stock was first offered. The company mainly manufactures passenger cars, trucks, and commercial vans. They have also been able to produce automotive parts and accessories. Company headquarters are located in Dearborn, Michigan
Imagine that you are not that rich or not very poor. The very next day you are driving off the lot with a brand new Model T by Henry Ford. The car that is affordable for everyone to buy and it being safe to drive everyday and everywhere. Henry Ford led to the best car manufacturer in the world. The world knows this company because of how Henry Ford got his company to where it is now, how it is a unique company, and it rebounded time and time again. Ford was and is the greatest car company. It is here to stay.
A primary source referring to the financial success of the Ford Motor Company as well as the financial policies administered.
As of 2010, Ford is the second-largest U.S.-based automaker and the fifth largest in the world based on vehicle sales in that year. Ford has seen success in the international market, and is ranked in the top ten fortune 500 companies. Ford was the tenth-ranked overall American-based company in the 2013 Fortune 500 list, based on their global revenues in 2012 of $134.3 billion. (CNN, 2014)
Even though a myriad of tools and techniques learnt in the Strategic Cost Management and Strategic Business Analysis courses are not fully exploited in this essay, it is generally recognised that those techniques are useful for a corporate to formulate strategy, do strategic planning, control costing and quality, as well as eventually elevate its values, regardless the nature and size of organizations.
Ford competes with other automobile industries on many factors such as price, quality, reliability, appearance, available features, and fuel economy just to name a few. Such intense competition within the automobile industry tends to put downwards pressure on prices, making it harder for Ford to put a price on vehicles that are similar to other cars produced by competitors. The challenging price environment puts pressure on Ford to increase value to customers while trying to dramatically reduce costs to achieve the similar pricing of competitors. Ford must be able to reasonably price vehicles so that customers still feel as if they are getting the best car for their money. Competitive pricing is a threat to Ford because it must increasingly rely on customer perceived value to differentiate its car quality from its competitors. Ford must be able to justify its pricing in an industry where resembling cars have similar pricing and nearly identical features. Ford’s pricing objectives must somehow be achieved as other competitors are cutting costs and improving their vehicles. Negative pricing pressure threatens Ford’s ability to provide outstanding value to its customers for smaller or comparable pricing within the competitive automobile
“What is a marketing audit? Quite simply, it is a detailed analysis of the elements that constitute or influence a company’s efforts to profitably market its products- today and in future when both market and products may undergo radical change” ( John, Alexander, & Theodore, 1969). The marketing audit helps to understand the fundamentals of a company’s marketing planning process. Auditing is not only conducted not only at the planning stage and also conducted during various stages until the implementation of the marketing plan.
Despite of these good things, Ford Motor faced a loss due to some wrong decisions taken by the management regarding their business strategy. The decision of centralizing the management made them think narrowly which results in too much Americanization and ignorance of local market in the rest of the world. This caused losing global market for them.
Many economic factors exist that impact the development of Ford Motor Company's strategic plan and it’s no small task to project how some of these factors might change as the strategy is being realized. Consider the prospect of expansion into a new market like China or Mexico. Economic changes like currency devaluation will make Ford’s product more expensive to their target market potentially reducing overall sales revenue. Oil prices as we’ve seen in the U.S. economy can also play a big factor as large vehicles become less desirable and more fuel efficient compact cars gain market share.
Ford adjusts production plan but still loosing money in North America. Automotive Digest Weekly. Retrieved June 4, 2008 from http://www.automotivedigest.com/weekly.shtml#6
Ford- focused differentiation, medium pricing, breadth of product line is high. A strength is their pick-up truck market share, a weakness is perceived reliability and styling on some of the lines.
Ford is forecasting that 2010 sales in industry will rise to between 11.5 million and 12.5 million vehicles, up considerably from last year’s 8.4 million. Boudette, and Dolan, 2010). Ford is about to launch its smaller vehicles; less than two years ago Ford Motor’s plant in Mexico was building big pick-up trucks. But Ford has retooled to produce Ford’s small Fiesta car, due to go on sale in America for the first time in June. Simon, 2010).Mulally is the architect of Ford’s remarkable recovery in its fortunes.
Lincoln (Ford Annual Report, 2014). In 2014, Ford automotive made revenue of USD 135.8 billion with a pre-tax profit of USD 4.5 billion (Ford Annual Report, 2014).