Gerard Clarke and Michael Jennings (2008: 6) define FBO as “any organization that derives inspiration and guidance for its activities from the teachings and principles of the faith or from a particular interpretation or school of thought within the faith” . In short basically FBOs are directly indirectly religiously tied organisations. FBOs also differ in terms of the kind of approach they have towards development and the ways in which they view what people need in order to live a dignified life. FBOs resemble Non Governmental Organisations and can be argued to be a form or type of NGOs because they also exist outside the structures of government. Occhipinti L (2013:6) is of the conviction that most schools of thought tend to regard FBOs as a ‘subset’ of NGOs with no clear differentiation. This view bases on the assumption that “all” FBOs are there for developmental purposes like what NGOs are into and disregards that there are FBOs who are destructive and terrorist in nature like the Boko Haram. By the virtue that FBOs are independent from government and are not a government institution already classifies them as being part of the Non Governmental Organisations. Although Rakodi C (2010) is of the view that FBOs have religious mandates whereas NGOs do not have. Basically the major difference is that FBOs have a religious core in their mission while NGOs are not influenced by religious beliefs in their mission. FBOs tend to have an extra motivational commitment to serving people and communities. Leurs (2012) is of the conviction that FBOs are able to draw spiritual and moral influences that instil value. FBOs and NGOs themselves in the same work like advocacy, charity work, offering relief aid and also focusing on developmental... ... middle of paper ... ...nflict and peace. In: Ikejiani-Clarke, Miriam ed. Peace studies and conflict resolution in Nigeria: A reader. Ibadan,Spectrum Books. Sider, Ronald J. and Heidi Rolland Unreh. 2004. “Typology of religious characteristics of social service and educational organizations and programs.” Nonprofit and Volunteer Sector Quarterly 33(1): 109-134 Wright L, 2006, the Looming Tower: Al-Qaeda and the Road to 9/11, New York, Knop http://reliefweb.int/report/zimbabwe/act-appeal-zimbabwe-drought-relief-afzw-21rev-1 Forum for Food Security in Southern Africa 2003. Zimbbawe Food Security Issue paper. http://www.odi.org.uk/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/5613.pdf Meikle, S., Ramasut.T.& Walker, J. (1999) Sustainable urban livelihoods: Concepts and implications for policy. London: University College London (Development Planning Unit).
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Ilhan (2013) contends non-profits have gradually become excellent instruments for the promotion of a variety of objectives including, but not limited to charities, religious organizations and associations that provide support to individuals suffering with different types of diseases (p. 132). Within these tax-exempt organizations, there are several different classifications which differentiate these organizations. For instance, non-profit organizations are characterized as being either publicly supported charities, public safety charities, supporting organizations or private foundations. Publicly supported charities can range from schools and hospitals to religious organizations that may obtain the support of the public support mainly through donations, grants and contributions from the public. Supporting organizations are organizations that are important within public service. These organizations may not be not publicly supported; however, they are closely linked with non-profit organizations that are supported publicly. For example, hospital foundations or hospitals that are created to support schools would be considered as supporting organizations. Public safety charities are exactly what the name states. This form of organization is devoted to testing for and the promotion of public safety. Examples of this form of charity can be the American Red Cross’ cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) classes that are offered to citizens. Many private foundations grant revenue to public charities. A good example of this form of foundation can be seen in the United Way. This tax-exempt organization allows the public to contribute to the funds that are offered by this organization so that the grant making programs within can be f...
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Economic development is highly dependent on the natural resources for food and energy production, which inputs to manufacturing, and to absorbing wastes and pollutants. Thus, there is a high dependency on farming. However, South Africa is not rich in agriculture resources; ...