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racism in literature
heritage meaning and definition
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Everyday Use by Alice Walker
Through contrasting family members and views in "Everyday Use", Alice Walker illustrates the importance of understanding our present life in relation to the traditions of our own people and culture. Using careful descriptions and attitudes, Walker demonstrates which factors contribute to the values of one's heritage and culture; she illustrates that these are represented not by the possession of objects or mere appearances, but by one's lifestyle and attitude.
Throughout the story, Walker personifies the different sides of culture and heritage in the characters of Dee and the mother (the narrator). Dee can be seen to represent a materialistic, complex, and modern way of life where culture and heritage are to be valued only for their "trendy-ness" and aesthetic appeal. Mother, on the other hand, represents a simple content way of life where culture and heritage are valued for both its usefulness, as well as its personal significance.
The story clearly supports the mother?s simple, unsophisticated view of heritage, and shows disdain for Dee?s materialistic connection to her heritage. This is demonstrated from the beginning of the story. We learn very quickly that the mother has inherited many customs and traditions from her ancestors. She describes herself as ?a large big-boned woman with rough man-working hands? (485). She also describes here various abilities including, ? I can kill and clean a hog as mercilessly as a man?I can work out...
...nt to those generations. Dee is educated and represents a modern generation that portrays freedom because she chooses to leave her rural home and start a different lifestyle, where she represents the African culture and plans to marry a man she selected. However, Mama represents an older generation where she is not a confident, educated, African-American, but deeply believes in her heritage because it is one of the last valuable possessions that she owns and represents the labor her family experienced. Despite this, heritage is beautiful remembrance of where people came from and distinguishes the struggle their family made to continue their legacy, but create a new life, as well.
In conclusion, “The Lottery” and “The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas” both showed a town’s tradition. “The Lottery” had more religious symbolisms than “The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas”. “The Lottery” used the symbolisms to show a better understanding of the, not judging a book by its cover, theme. Breaking old traditions may be the best decision. Some of the Omelas walked away from the tradition, while others stayed. No one wanted to change in “The Lottery”, unless it was them getting stoned.
In "Everyday Use" by Alice Walker, Walker shows differences in human character, just by the way they act towards family members. The main character in the story, Mother, has two daughters that she treats very differently, and they treat her differently. One daughter looks down on Mother in a condescending manner, and the other is obedient and kind. In "Everyday Use", Walker shows that in relationships between a mother and daughters, adaptation to change can sometimes be very hard, which leads to pride and protecting what one has accomplished, and finally shows how un-appreciation can hinder these relationships.
“The Lottery,” written by Shirley Jackson in 1948, is a provoking piece of literature about a town that continues a tradition of stoning, despite not know why the ritual started in the first place. As Jackson sets the scene, the villagers seem ordinary; but seeing that winning the lottery is fatal, the villagers are then viewed as murders by the reader. Disagreeing with the results of the lottery, Tessie Hutchinson is exposed to an external conflict between herself and the town. Annually on June 27th, the villagers gather to participate in the lottery. Every head of household, archetypally male, draws for the fate of their family, but Tessie protests as she receives her prize of a stoning after winning the lottery. Jackson uses different symbols – symbolic characters, symbolic acts, and allegories – to develop a central theme: the
Mama, the narrator of the story, describes herself as a "large, big-boned woman with rough, man-working hands who can kill and clean a hog as mercilessly as a man" (102). She does not provide a fascinating picture of herself; however she goes on to describe the many things she can do and accomplish. The many things that Mama can do and accomplish were passed down through generations before her. By honoring the practical use of her heritage she is a well-rounded person. She is self-reliant to the point where she can depend on herself for survival with the skills she acquired. Also, she is responsible and trustworthy because she is accountable for her own actions and can accomplish the same things as a man. Like the traits and items passed down generation from generation, she seems more interested in there practicality, and less interested in there superficiality or beauty and value. Dee, on the other hand, is defined by her sense of style and power.
My cultural identity consists of being a 22-year-old white female who identifies as White, heterosexual, Christian-Lutheran, able-bodied and a member of the lower-middle class. Through these identities, there are certain roles that I distinguish with like being a student, daughter, sister, and friend. Socioeconomic
Dee is a young, headstrong woman, who believes she deserves better than what her mother could ever give her. She reads to her mother and sister to show off the education her mother and church paid for. Dee doesn’t accept she came from, yet she’ll claim how proud she is of her heritage. this can be seen as situational irony, like when she wanted the quilts she didn’t want at college. Dee, is spoiled, hypocritical, and conceited due to her life experiences.
“Are we to say that we are never intentionally to do wrong, or that in one way we ought not to do wrong, or is doing wrong always evil and dishonorable, as I was just now saying, and as has been already acknowledged by us? (Dover p.49)” Socrates’ standard is that he refuses to see justice as an eye for an eye. He believes that logical arguments and persuasion should be the defense of the accused. Socrates believes that since he cannot convince the people who ruled against him that there is no other option then to pay the sentence that he was
Socrates was not guilty as charged; he had done nothing wrong, as seen in the Apology. Not even a priest could tell Socrates what he had done wrong religiously, Euthyphro wasn’t even able to give Socrates a precise definition of piety. It is then questioned by Crito why Socrates would remain to face a penalty for a crime he did not commit. In the Crito, it is explained why, although innocent, Socrates must accept the penalties his peers have set upon him. It is his peers that will interpret and enforce the laws, not the law which will enforce it. Even if the enforcers don’t deserve attention and respect because they have no real knowledge to the situation, Socrates had put himself under their judgment by going to the trial. Therefore, Socrates must respect the decisions made by the masses because the decisions are made to represent the laws, which demand each citizen’s respect.
Socrates refuses to disobey the law. He believes in the correctness of the cities laws. He believes it is never right to act unjustly. He thinks that if you do not agree with the laws of the area that you are living at, then to leave and go somewhere else. He argues that the government could be seen as “his parents, also those who brought him up,” (Crito, 51e), since he has lived there his entire life and when you live somewhere for so long you should “persuade us or to do what we say,” (Crito, 52a) or leave. Socrates tells Crito that
The search for identity in "Everyday Use" written by Alice Walker uses the family's contrasting views to illustrate the importance of understanding present life in relation to the traditions of ancestral culture. Using careful descriptions and attitudes, Walker uses the voice of the protagonist (the mother) to demonstrate which factors contribute to the values of one’s heritage and identity; she illustrates that these are represented not by the possession of objects or mere appearances, but by one’s lifestyle and attitude. Also, in the illustration “Girl”, Jamaica Kincaid uses a mother’s voice, like Walker, to illustrate the mother’s meaning of identity. Both mothers in each story have their own outlook of what defines a person’s identity. Although each mother has different...
The Apology is Socrates' defense at his trial. As the dialogue begins, Socrates notes that his accusers have cautioned the jury against Socrates' eloquence, according to Socrates, the difference between him and his accusers is that Socrates speaks the truth. Socrates distinguished two groups of accusers: the earlier and the later accusers. The earlier group is the hardest to defend against, since they do not appear in court. He is all so accused of being a Sophist: that he is a teacher and takes money for his teaching. He attempts to explain why he has attracted such a reputation. The oracle was asked if anyone was wiser than Socrates was. The answer was no, there was no man wiser. Socrates cannot believe this oracle, so he sets out to disprove it by finding someone who is wiser. He goes to a politician, who is thought wise by him self and others. Socrates does not think this man to be wise and tells him so. As a consequence, the politician hated Socrates, as did others who heard the questioning. "I am better off, because while he knows nothing but thinks that he knows, I neither know nor think that I know" (Socrates). He questioned politicians, poets, and artisans. He finds that the poets do not write from wisdom, but by genius and inspiration. Meletus charges Socrates with being "a doer of evil, and corrupter of the youth, and he does not believe in the gods of the State, and has other new divinities of his own."
The differences in attitude that Dee and Maggie portray about their heritage are seen early in the story. When the family's house burned down ten or twelve years ago, Maggie was deeply affected by the tragedy of losing her home where she grew up. As her mother describes, "She has been like this, chin on chest, eyes on ground, feet in shuffle, ever since the fire that burned the other house to the ground" (409). Dee, on the other hand, had hated the house. Her mother had wanted to ask her, "Why don't you dance around the ashes?" (409). Dee did not hold any significance in the home where she had grown up. In her confusion about her heritage, it was just a house to her.
The traditional society condemns men to bread-wining responsibilities. However, with modernity, comes the change in roles. Women have an equal share in role taking. The modern society not only permits women but also gives them an opportunity to provide for their families among other responsibilities. However, this drastic change is a factor towards competition, a need for supremacy or pride. Therefore, regardless of their different struggles, conflicts or challenges they face, every woman has a zeal towards success. In “Everyday Use” by Alice Walker, the narrator’s extensive description of her daughters’ difference in character and personality clearly shows that she is biased towards Maggie, who is more inclined to support her cultural beliefs
I do not know about Chinese culture, and I am sure that there are reasons that such an unfair tradition of gender inequality could have survived for so long, even after the Chinese immigrated to America. However, with the upbringing that I have had, I found it sad and frustrating to read about the acceptance of unjust treatment of women in Chinese culture. Women seemed to hold their own social status down with their silence and by attacking other women, such as Kingston’s aunt, whom they know are not to blame.