Cornstarch is an example of a polymer. Polymers are long strains of molecules that keep repeating and have different properties of the original single molecule group. A single section of a polymer is called a monomer. It resembles the simplest form of the repeating portion of the entire polymer. These polymers may get stretched when you make a mixture such as cornstarch and water. This mixture behaves a certain way. There are many theories on why this may occur. One theory is because the strands get tangled, making it hard for them to slide against each other. Stretched molecules would offer more resistance to movement, like the resistance of a stretched rubber band. However, this argument does explain why rapid motion (stirring, shaking, etc.) increases viscosity, which is the property of a fluid that offers resistance to flow.
Cornstarch and water is a non-Newtonian, organic fluid. Fluids can fall under different sub groups. They are either Non-Newtonian or Newtonian. They can also be either organic or non organic. NonNewtonian Fluids are a group of liquids that change viscosity when they are stirred, shaken, or otherwise agitated. Cornstarch and water acts differently depending on whether it is still or agitated. This kind of fluid is called a dilatant. It becomes more viscous (has a relatively high resistance to flow) when agitated or compressed. The viscosity of a non-Newtonian fluid is also dependant on temperature. Cornstarch would decrease in viscosity if put in a boiling pot (it would become thinner). Examples of Newtonian fluids include motor oils, mineral oils, gasoline, kerosene, and most salt solutions in water.
The most popular explanation for the behavior of cornstarch and water is that when sitting still, the tiny grains of starch are surrounded by water. The surface tension of the water keeps it from completely flowing out of the spaces between the grains. The lubrication of water allows the granules to move freely. However, if the movement is abrupt (shaking, stirring, poking, slapping, etc.) the water is squeezed out from between the granules and the friction between them increases dramatically.
Other examples of polymers are present in our everyday lives. Water-resistant paints and varnishes derive from a family of synthetic polymers called acrylics. Polystyrene foam, or styrafoam, is used when making cartons to protect eggs, or making packing peanuts to cushion fragile objects for shipping. It insulates, so people put drinks in foam cups and coolers to keep the warm ones warm and the cold ones cold.
In a more concentrated solution, collision occurs more often because there are more molecules. The more often these molecules collide, the greater the chance they having of reacting. This means that the rate of a chemical reaction will increase if the concentration of reactants is increased. However, in this experiment, I'm going to do an investigation to find out how amylase concentration affects the rate of starch Hypothesis:
In the early morning hours of January 12th 1981, twenty-five detonations were heard coming from the ramp at Muñiz Air National Guard Base, located in the Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport in San Juan, Puerto Rico (PR). It was a terrorist attack. The result? Ten A-7D aircrafts and a single F-104 destroyed, with a total of $45,000,000 in damages. It was the largest attack on the US military since the Vietnam War. The culprits? All members of a separatist domestic terrorist group called Ejercito Popular Boricua (English: Boricua Popular Army or BPA, EPB) more commonly known as Los Macheteros (“The Machete Wielders”); a nickname that conjures images of the improvised group of Puerto Ricans that banded together to defend and fight the United States Army when they invaded during the Spanish-American War. BPA’s main ideology is a free Puerto Rico, free from the colonial status that United States has on PR, and for PR to become its own sovereign state. Although BPA is not as active as it once was, they still promote and will fight for PR’s independence. But to understand the history and origins, ideologies, and goals of BPA we must go back in time to recognize why such a group even exists.
The popular teen movie “Mean Girls” accurately portrays several concepts from Chapter Two including Interaction Appearance Theory and Undue Influence, just to name a few that allow teen viewers to see the type of communication there is or will be in high school. Through the interactions with her new peers, Cady Heron is able to communicate and experience several of the concepts learned in Chapter Two thanks to the interactions she had with the deceiving Regina George.
If the concentration of sucrose increases, then the mass of the potato will decrease. However, if the concentration of the solution in the beaker is less than that of the potato (such as distilled water), then the mass of the potato will increase. So, as the concentration of sucrose increases the rate of osmosis increases.
Denture teeth can be made of acrylic poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) or composite resins. PMMA is a polymer - a material made the from joining of methyl methacrylate monomers. Properties of PMMA include resistance to abrasion, chemical stability and a high boiling point. (Jun Shen et al. 2011). However, weak flexure and impact strength of PMMA are of concern as they account for denture failure. (Bolayir G, Boztug A and Soygun K. 2013). Composite denture teeth are made of a three distinct phases - filler, matrix and coupling agents. Out of the types of composite teeth available, nano-filled composite teeth are preferred. Composite teeth have a PMMA coating around the tooth and a high content of filler particles. This gives them strength, higher resistance to forces than acrylic teeth and provides compete polymerization due to the PMMA coating. (Anusavice, K. J., Phillips, R. W., Shen, C., & Rawls, H. R, 2012). If the interface between the PMMA denture base and PMMA or composite teeth was weak, the denture will not be able to sustain occlusal forces, making the base-teeth interface, an entity of significance.
The synthesis of polymers starts with ethylene, (or ethene). Ethylene is obtained as a by-product of petrol refining from crude oil or by dehydration of ethanol. Ethylene molecules compose of two methylene units (CH2) linked together by a double carbon
This means that there is less KE and more friction. The forces become unbalanced as more and more of the KE is transformed into heat energy. The force pushing the object forwards is then less than the force pushing it back, so the tub stops moving. The larger the force of friction acting on the object, the faster it loses speed. The type of surface that the catapulted margarine tub (or any moving object) is moving along also affects the amount of friction that acts on the object.
Slime, has a different viscosity, based on the amount of strength you apply when playing with it. Slowly placing your hands on the slime is being described as a small amount of weight being applied to the slime, they will feel thin and water-like, letting you sink your hand into the jelly like substance. Punching it, or throwing it against a wall,
Polyethylene is a polymer that is made of a long chain of CH2 monomers bonded together. It is one of the most commonly used polymers in everyday items. Grocery bags, soap bottles, children’s toys, and even bullet proof vests are all made from polyethylene.2 This polymer is very versatile and can be used in many materials but this all depends on the way that the polymer is chemically made or enhanced. There are many different types of polyethylene classified by density and branching. 2
The Effect of Water Concentration on the Mass of Potato Tissue Aim: The aim of this investigation is to discover the effect of water concentration on the mass of potato tissue, and also to investigate the movement of osmosis through potato tissue. Scientific Knowledge: When a substance such as a sugar dissolves in water, the sugar molecules attract some of the water molecules and stop them moving freely. This, in effect, reduces the concentration of water molecules.
The speed of the reaction is determined by the specific molecules that are being combined. The collision theory states, that when more collisions occur there will be an increase in combinations of molecules rebounding off each other. If there is more molecules, than there is a higher chance that the molecules will complete the reaction. When all of this takes place it speeds up the rate of a reaction. An example of this is maple syrup the molecules move slowly compared with soft drink where they move fast.
It state that, when a shear stress is applied to a fluid, the velocity that it yields in the direction perpendicular to the stress is proportional to the applied stress. Those liquid obeys newton’s law of viscosity is called Newtonian liquid.
The fluids which do not obey the Newton’s law of viscosity i.e. fluids which do not follow the linear relationship between shear stress and rate of deformation are termed as Non-Newtonian fluids.
A non-Newtonian fluid is a fluid that does not follow Newton’s law of viscosity. In a non-Newtonian fluid, the relation between the shear stress and the shear rate is different. Many salt solutions and molten polymers are non-Newtonian fluids such as custard, ketchup, blood, paint, and shampoo. Nakamura et al. [13] studied the laminar steady flow of non-Newtonian (bi-viscosity fluid) through an axi-symmetric stenosis.
Fluid friction is the friction that exists when an object moves through a fluid. Fluid friction occurs when two fluid layers move relative to each other. The internal resistance to this flow is called visocity. ”Viscosity is the measure of a fluid's resistance to flow because of its internal friction”