Youth Football Concussions

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Hopping Off The Youth Football Bandwagon Currently in the United States, football is one of the most popular sports played by the youth population. Millions of parents allow their children to play football every year without acknowledging how dangerous the sport can be at their young age. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported in 2004 that an estimated 475,000 children under the age of fourteen suffered a traumatic brain injury, and almost 90% of which were treated and released from emergency departments per year (Adirim). Although not all of those injuries were solely from football, it is known that football accounts for some of the highest rates of head injury in youth sports. Also, traumatic brain injury is the leading …show more content…

Concussion can be defined as “a complex pathophysiologic process affecting the brain, induced by traumatic biomechanical forces” that can cause headache, dizziness, light sensitivity, memory loss and decreased mental speed (Adirim, Patel et al., 674). This means that concussions occur when there is a sudden movement or violent impact to the head, causing the brain to crash against the inside of the skull and become damaged. The disadvantage that children have is their necks aren’t yet strong enough to control these impacts, “Before 14, there is a size disparity between the head and the body, causing what concussion experts call a ‘bobble-head’ effect – the head snaps back dramatically after it is hit” (Smith). Dr. Robert Cantu, clinical professor of neurosurgery at Boston University School of Medicine explains, “Our youngsters have big heads on very weak necks and that combination sets up the brain for greater injury” (Smith). The head snapping back in this unsafe fashion puts children in greater danger for concussion than adults; all the more reason to ban contact before age fourteen, when children start developing their bodies. Sometimes, children continue to play even though they have no idea that they have a concussion. One condition, called second-impact syndrome, occurs when an athlete suffers a second concussion before they recover …show more content…

It is common knowledge that the brain isn’t fully developed until the mid-twenties, which means that children under fourteen years old aren’t even halfway developed, “With the normal neurological maturation, there is a rapid and substantial development in the cognitive abilities during childhood and throughout adolescence” (Patel et al., 672). Concussions in young children are likely to slow this development down, or even stop development altogether and cause major disabilities. All it takes is one bad hit to impede on a child’s development. One important protein that could help prevent serious injury is myelin, which acts like insulation for nerve fibers in the brain (Smith). Dr. Cantu states, “By 14, children have a ‘better myelin-ated’ brain, making them less vulnerable to injury” (Smith). Without myelin having developed, a child’s brain smashes into the skull and tightens up with no “insulation” to lessen the impact, making the head injury much worse; and one that could last a lot longer. Concussions in children typically take longer to recover than in adults as well (Patel et al., 680). Also, a child under fourteen isn’t mature enough to realize just how serious an injury such as a concussion is, or maybe even to know what a

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