Alprazolam, better known as Xanax is a benzodiazepine used panic disorders, panic attacks, and depression. It calms a person by depressing the central nervous system. Alprazolam can only be prescribed. This drug only comes as tablet form. It comes as 0.25mg, 0.5mg, 1mg, and 2mg scored. However, it can come as an injectable, but it is very rare that it would be given this way because of the reaction. If given as an injectable, it can cause damage to the circulatory system. It’s not easy for it to be dissolved that way so it will cause serious damage to the arteries. This drug is classified a schedule IV. This drug can become very addictive. It can also will become tolerant, therefore, resulting in larger dosages. Xanax tends to have a few interactions with other drug. Like most benzodiazepine, the side effects are quite similar. Alprazolam is not given to people with narrow-angle glaucoma due to the interaction with Sporanox or Niazoral. It is also not best taken with oral contraceptives. It will increase the side effects. …show more content…
The initial dose will be 0.25mg to 0.5mg three times a day. If prescribed for panic disorders, the initial dose is 0.5mg three times a day. Normal side effects can include fatigue, slurred speech, urinary retention, or muscle weakness. Like many other drugs, Xanax cannot be stopped abruptly. It will cause major withdrawal symptoms. Those symptoms can include body cramps, depression, impulsive behavior, or seizure. Due to the major symptoms of just stopping the drug, doctors will lower the dose to take a patient off. At a minimum, the dose will have to be lowered every 3
1Fentanyl is a powerful synthetic opiate analgesic, which has a primary function in managing malignant and non-malignant contractible pain, similar to morphine however it is more potent. This is because fentanyl has an octanol-water partition of 9550 compared to morphine, which has 6. This effectively demonstrates that fentanyl is highly lipid soluble, crossing the blood brain barrier more rapidly. Hence it has a quicker reaction time but at a shorter duration compared to morphine. It is commonly used to treat patients with severe pain or patients experiencing pain after a surgery. Fentanyl can also be used to treat patients with chronic pain that are physically tolerant to opiates. Patients who are not physically tolerant to opiates should avoid the use of fentanyl as this can cause undesirable side effects, which can in some cases be toxic. Fentanyl is registered as a class II prescription drug, meaning that it has a greater potential for being abused, which could have negative implications on a patient’s health as it can result in psychological or physical dependence.1
Nyquil has many side effects when miss used or when recommended dosage is exceeded. The consumer is not to use this product with any other products containing acetaminophen. Nervousness, dizziness, and sleeplessness are all side effects of this product. It causes drowsiness and can cause excitability in children. This is not to be taken if you have heart disease, asthma, emphysema, thyroid disease, diabetes, glaucoma, high blood pressure, breathing problems, excessive phlegm (mucus), chronic bronchitis, persistent or chronic cough, cough associated with smoking, and difficulty in urination due to enlargement of the prostate gland. Nyquil is also not to be taken if you consume more then 3 alcoholic drinks every day. Acetaminophen may cause serious liver damage.
Over the years, my sister has been through various different medications whose intent was to control her seizure activity. A new type of treatment that her neurologist suggested trying is Valium (Diazepam). Valium is a drug that effects the limbic, thalamic and hypothalamic regions of the central nervous system. ((3).) Valium slows the central nervous system and is used to treat anxiety related disorders and conditions that cause severe muscle spasms and convulsions. ((4).) Valium is administered rectally. Liquid Valium is absorbed fast from the rectum. The effect should take place 5-15 minutes after the injection.((3).) Valium should not be used on a daily basis because it can cause withdraw and it also has many other side effects.
The dosage of the drug should be used according to the carton instructions. A 10 gram over dose in adults, 140 mg for kids, can cause permanent liver damage. Also if you had just taken some other drugs , The acetaminophen may become more toxic since the drugs are catabolized in the liver. To protect yourself from injury, you should take 1 gram of vitamin C and Cysteine -a bodily antioxidant.
Paul Janssen developed Sublimaze. It is as an anesthetic prescription medicine. First made in 1959, Sublimaze, now known as fentanyl, is frequently used to provide palliative care for individuals with cancer. As a nonpolar opioid, fentanyl rapidly crosses the blood-brain barrier, a brain membrane, and releases dopamine. Other opioids that are polar – the intensity of a substance dissolving, have a longer period of time spent traveling through the blood-brain barrier causing the opioid to have diminutive effects in releasing dopamine than fentanyl. This makes fentanyl about 100 times more potent than morphine and 50 times more potent than heroin. The misuse of this opioid leads to its pharmacological effects and produces analgesia, vomiting, respiratory depression, and nausea. The side effect is similar to other opioid receptors (like morphine or
Methadone was first produced in the 1930’s to be a go to drug instead of morphine due to the high addiction rate morphine has. Over time Methadone has been used to help heroin addicts as well as opiate addicts. The purpose of this drug was to be a pain reliever and now is used to help wean and manage addiction. There are negative side effects to methadone as well but the most common side effect again is addiction. So is methadone just a different crutch? Firstly, I will discuss the history and origin of methadone. Secondly, I will discuss the doctor’s role in methadone maintenance treatment programs as well as the benefits of methadone maintenance. Lastly I will discuss the dangers of methadone.
Drugged, dazed, and distant are adjectives to describe the victims of our culture’s newest epidemic. Recently, I was sitting inside a McDonald’s restaurant, enjoying a friend’s company when three obvious drug users walked in. This was nothing outside of the norm. Mid-conversation, I felt someone brush against my back. I turned around to see a tanned, Caucasian man, approximately mid-twenties with luscious, curly dark hair.
Menopause naturally occurs in women at a median age of 51 years old due to deficiencies in hormones from ovarian loss of function.1 Some of the most common symptoms of menopause are vasomotor hot flashes and night sweats. The goal of therapy is symptom and quality of life improvement while minimizing side effects. As long as no contraindications are present, the recommended treatment for menopausal vasomotor hot flashes is hormone replacement therapy (HRT).1,2,3 Customized to patient’s symptoms, history of risk factors, and preferences, HRT may increase quality of life.2 However, there are some serious contraindications, possible increased risk for venous thromboembolism and breast cancer, and unclear risk areas concerning HRT along with public skepticism.1,3 Escitalopram(Lexapro ®) is another option studied for
MDMA (methylenedioxymethamphetamine) or ecstasy is a dangerous substance that has become a problem in today's society and in communities across the country due to overuse and overdose. Ecstasy is a very dangerous psychoactive drug that should never be taken or used under any circumstances, even though scientists have done research to see about the help this substance does in human nature. Ecstasy is methylene Dioxymethamphetamine, often abbreviated to MDMA. This medicine is a member of the same family of medicines, including amphetamines and LSD. Once I thought that ecstasy was a mixture of methamphetamine and LSD, but as I did the research, I think it has its own chemical structure. Ecstasy is not a mixture of other drugs; It's yours. Ecstasy
Therapy can mean many different things from relaxation therapy to group therapy or even seeing a psychologist. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is one of the most effective treatment plans for patients dealing with anxiety. Cognitive-behavioral therapy deals with the patient’s problems, and helping them find different ways to cope with their situations. They help change negative thoughts into more supportive thoughts and answers. If a patient can realize what activates their anxiety they will be able to recognize when they need to talk to someone or even take their medications as prescribed. Promoting resilience is another way to help with patients cope with anxiety. “Resilience is the quality of being hardy or stress resistant.” (Karen M. Burke, 2011) Nurses or even family members can help older patients with anxiety by supporting their ADL’s, and that is encouraging resilience. The most common medications used to treat anxiety are benzodiazepines and sedative hypnotics. Benzodiazepines have a rapid onset and help react to the central nervous system. The most common side effects of benzodiazepines are sedation, weakness, lethargy, dizziness, and a decreased in organization. The most common benzodiazepines prescribed are Xanax, klonopin, valium, and Ativan. Sedative-hypnotic agents have a more sedative effect on the mind and help treat insomnia. Side effects include sedation, drowsiness, and dizziness. Most
Drug abuse has been around for many years, since the early 1800’s and has increasingly gotten worse. The dependency of heroin and opiates has succeeded in breaking down barriers in color and classes, you could say it is a habit of equal opportunity with whoever wants to try it. Methadone has been used to treat heroin abuse for many years, but is now used to treat opiate dependency also. Although it has been found to be very addictive, the doctors claim it is the most successful in helping some addicts lead functional lives. It seems strange that a drug that is addictive is given to take the place of another addictive drug. You might ask yourself, why should I care if a better treatment is found to replace methadone if it doesn’t affect
"When some one who has been abusing an opioid like Xanax, Oxycodone, Hydrocodone, or Dilaudid, and get off them often times if they try to start taking them again they don't realize they cant take as much as they used to and take what they were taking before and thats lead to a lot of overdoses." he said.
Substance addiction is becoming an epidemic. While some people can quit using a substance without any help, most people need help to their recovery. Narcotics anonymous is an important support group for our society. There are many different narcotic anonymous programs to join that have meetings throughout the week. The members of the support group all share one thing in common, they suffer from different types of chemical dependency. Members help each other because they have the same problems and worries that everyone in the room has. Though they may be struggling with different stages in their life, for the most part, they all relate to what each is going through. Just as AA, NA focuses on the 12-step program. The members of
Antipsycotics are used to treat conditions like bipolar disorder and treat symptoms such as hallucinations that can occure during episodes of acute mania. Reasons why people stop taking antipsychotic medications can very person to person depending on the persons situations.
Contrast the mechanism of action of the barbiturates and the benzodiazepines as hypnotics. Discuss the advantages of the benzodiazepines over the barbiturates.