Beethoven Piano Sonata No. 15 in D Major, Op. 28 Analysis Essay
Jaclyn Randazzo
MUS 578 Analysis & Style Survey - Dr. Jennifer Campbell November 15, 2016 In Beethoven’s Piano Sonata No. 15 in D Major, Op. 28, also known as the Pastoral, Beethoven follows the traditional sonata form and style with a hint of rebellion. The overall simplistic and serene atmosphere seems to hid the innovation within this first movement. Each section, the Exposition, Development, and Recapitulation have unique qualities that separate them from other sonatas. This essay will explore the particular composition’s characteristics within the first movement.
The Exposition (mm. 1-163) is harmonically tightly knit and has it’s own clear characteristics. The Primary Theme
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The dynamic marking (piano) is the visual change and supports the notion that the new theme begins. There is a triple figuration variation that interjects this theme. The interjection starts with a full measure of the new tonic, A chord, followed by a full measure of triplets, to a D sharp seventh chord (V7/V). This happens four times between measures 103-132. This is reminiscent of Haydn’s String Quartet, Op. 33, No. 2 “The Joke,” in the sense that the listener may think that the end has been reached just for Beethoven to bring the theme right back, leaving the listener unsteady and guessing. A mixture of primary theme and transitional material come back in the closing theme (mm. 133-163) and ends with the D pedal point into the …show more content…
257-269). The first and second episodes of the first transition are mixed together and slightly varied. The first episode now begins on the third beat of the last measure but keeps the same note values, thus distorting the meter. He does this more by using the bass figure of the second episode and now starts on the down beat instead of the second beat. The use of fermatas gives the re-transition a sense of worth comparable to the Primary Theme. This is exaggerated by the fermata on the very last chord, an A7 chord (V), in measure 269. The
The piece opens with a series of quick, fiery chords spanning almost the entire range of the piano, followed a by light staccato section in a scherzo style. The mood then changes with a long lyrical section, before fragments of the vigorous rhythmic opening section return and bring the music to a darker section that also echoes the theme of Rhapsody No. 2. The second half of the piece re-uses the melody of the lyrical section, only transposed up by a fourth, which provides a bigger contrast to the previous dark section.
Beethoven's Symphony No.3 also known as the Eroica consists of four parts, namely, allegro con brio, adagio assai, scherzo and allegro, which is the standard structure of a symphony. In this work, the analysis focuses on the first movement so as to show how Beethoven enriched symphony. The first movement has a distinctive sonority and texture. It is considerably long as it takes about 14 minutes (it may depend on the version). Some complete symphonies from the classical period are about the same length as this first movement, so Beethoven's work set aside from the traditional symphony. It tells other composers that there is no such thing as a standard length of symphony's movement. In order to understand the first movement, one needs to consider the historical framework. Beethoven composed his 3rd symphony at the beginning of the XIX century when Europe underwent through a lot of political changes. The absolutism was coming to an end, so freedom was in everyone's heart. Beethoven manages to convey particular feelings and emotions t...
The first section, which we will call section I, starts with the opening chant and ends with a strong cadence on measure 18. It uses six overlapping phrases to express the first sentence of text. The first canon starts with the bassus voice, but the starting voice changes throughout the piece. However, each canon, throughout, is sung at the fourth. There are four strong cadences, m. 2, m. 5, m.10, and m. 18, each marking the end of a thought in the text. There are also many other places that exhibit a kind of pseudo-cadence where the modern ear expects to hear a resolution, and the resolution is reached; however, movement among the middle parts nullifies the effect of the cadence. For example, in m. 12, the superius and the bassus parts seem to reach a cadence point, but the tenor and alto parts continue to move catching the listeners attention away from the cadence point.
14 in C-sharp minor, Op. 27, No. 2 by Ludwig van Beethoven. This piece sets a down mood that isn’t as bright as the other pieces Nel played due to its minor key. However, the sound of this piece is really intense and emotional. This piece has a very smooth melody and demonstrates syncopation. Also, the dynamics of this piece are low. As discussed throughout class, this piece has sonata-allegro form. This means that it has an exposition, development, and recapitulation. The first movement is slow since it is adagio sostenuto, the second movement is brisk since it is allegretto, and the third is quick since it is presto agitato. Beethoven uses a continuous soft dynamic and a smooth wave-like rhythmic pattern. The texture of this piece can be described as mixed between homophonic and polyphonic. Lastly, this piece required Nel to constantly use the fortepiano levers to create the piece’s distinct
Mozart’s use of melodic contour and repetitive rhythmic motives make this piece feel very connected throughout. He begins with a two eighth note followed by two quarter note pattern. This pattern is repeated twice more until finally at measure four a new melodic and rhythmic motive is introduced. At measure four a retardation occurs using a half note to delay the resolution to the quarter note, drawing out the resolution as much as possible to create a sense of relief upon arrival. This pattern of three measures of motive “A” followed by...
His compositions are considered to have led to the development of the sonata form. This was still evident late in his career. Piano Sonata No. 62 in E-flat major (Hob. XVI:52) consists of short, balanced melodic phrases of two, four or sometimes six bars. Each melody in the exposition is evenly divided into an antecedent phrase and a consequent phrase; question and answer. This is a typical characteristic of the Classical Period which obsessed over clarity of structure. Similarly, Beethoven’s Piano Sonata No. 1 in F minor Op. 2, No.1 is clearly divided into an exposition, development and recapitulation. Its lucid exposition of melodic material occurs in balanced melodic phrases. Both of these works contain short codas to each section. The fact that Beethoven’s sonata was written one year after Haydn’s, whilst he was still a student of Haydn’s, highlights the influence of Haydn over Beethoven during the early stage of his
‘Sonata’ at this time referred to instrumental music while ‘pian’ means soft and ‘forte’ means loud. The title of the work indicates that it is an instrumental work that has soft and loud sections. Gabrieli's composition is special because it is the first to show dynamic markings in an ensemble setting. Some sources will say that it is the first piece to portray dynamics in general, but other sources provide evidence that dynamic markings appear in solo literature composed decades beforehand. “Deeper acquaintance with the music shows that they [the dynamics] also have an emotional function, for they occur so irregularly that the listener is never certain if he will be overwhelmed with sound, or when he must strain his ears for some more subdued phrase.” Gabrieli felt that dynamics can help portray or alter the audience’s perception of a pattern of music towards a particular mood.
In Beethoven’s early quartets, he takes great inspiration from both Mozart and his tutor, Joseph Haydn. Before Beethoven wrote his first quartet he had already written several different compositions for he wanted to really establish his own style of writing first. Op. 18, No. 1 in F, was first written in 1799 but still remains close to the Haydnesque and Mozartian quartet writing style, but the young Beethoven begins to place in his own ideas. This can be seen in the very first movement (see example 1).
There are two main rhythmic ideas that are present in this piece. The first is the regular rhythmic pulse in the pianos and mallet instruments
Each individual player in this orchestra is a soloist of sorts, playing a completely different piece than the musician seated directly next to them or across the stage. Rather than being written as a concerto, this piece, written in three movements, allows for each of the accomplished musicians to display their skill individually though each solo is not brought to the forefront of the piece, creating a what sounds like a disgruntled compilation of individual pieces that come together. This piece both begins ends with the Funeral March of Beethoven’s Eroica Symphony directly tied into the basses, at first it is quiet and difficult to recognize but as the third movement is introduced it becomes more pronounced and evident. Those who were present for this pieces introduction to society were able to see its emotional effect on its composer who had obvious emotional ties to the music. Strauss never showed up to see his work debut instead he attended the dress rehearsal, asked Sacher if he could conduct this work. Strauss was said to have given a beautiful reading of the score that many view as his most...
Chopin opens his Waltz on a troubled, searching theme. Full of hesitancies, sudden rushes, and wavering chromaticism, the pensive tune features rhythmic and melodic fragility. With regards to rhythm, unpredictable phrasing creates rhythmic dissonance with the steady left hand waltz pattern and forces the dancers into a posture of searching in order to stay in step with the meter. With regards to melody, the introspective tune centers around a restless cycle of stressed and unstressed pairs of measures, similar to a poem in iambic octameter. During the first and more stressed measure in each pair, the melody scrambles impulsively through several chromatic notes in search of a note on which to land, almost like a game of musical chairs. Then, during the second and less stressed measure in each pair, the melody stretches out onto one or two sustained notes, almost like a sigh. As the sixteen measure melody progresses, the stressed measures become increasingly more desperate and fling the melody further and harder until finally in a climax the melody jumps 17 half steps only to...
The Beethoven Symphony #9 in D minor is being announced during the 4th movement of the symphony. Typically, in symphonies, the 4th movements take part in the term of Allegro, which means it is played quickly or fast. However, in Beethoven Symphony, the 4th movement opens with a flurry sound and then is introduced by an instrumental recitative. A recitative is a style of music alternating between speaking and singing words on the same note. In a recitative, the music lines are not repeated even though formally composed songs do.
Historical. This brilliant composition is considered as one of the two most important violin concertos of the German Romantic period, with Mendelssohn’s vi...
The exposition of Dussek’s Piano Sonata in G Major can be broken down into two primary themes, two secondary themes, and finally a transition into cadential extension. The first primary theme is made up in large by a parallel period. The antecedent begins on measure 1 and continues to measure 4. A 2:2:4 sentence connects the antecedent with the consequent, which begins on measure 12. Much like the antecedent, the consequent gives off an impression of statement and response; however, it is more apparent in the consequent due to the drastically changing dynamics. Overall bleeding into the continuation of the consequent which begins on measure 16. The continuation concludes with a sequence emphasizing the central theme of the piece. The silence within the figures of this theme bring attention that a change is about to take place, leading into the second primary theme. While it can be considered a transition due to the right hand primarily playing sixteenth note runs with a chromatic structure, measure 23 is the beginning of the second primary theme. The secondary theme can b...
The three thematic areas, as well as the transitory interlude by the trio, are interesting twists added by Haydn. It is important to note that the exposition stays in C major the entire time, the only exception being the short C minor section in the first trio interlude. In a standard sonata form, a modulation to the dominant would be expected during the exposition. But in this opening, every major section except for the last section ends with a perfect authentic cadence in C major. With so much of the form of the piece contrasting the standard sonata form model, it would be difficult to label this piece without hearing what happens in the