What Is Bureaucratic Corruption?

All the activities of government especially in democratic regimes manifest themselves as either legislative, Executive of Judiciary. The results that whenever government acts; it acts either in form of lawmaking, law execution or law interpretation. Consequent upon the above point, all modern governments organize their activities into three broad compartments commonly referred to as organs of government, each of which is designed a nomenclature that reflects the character or nature of executive, legislature, and the judiciary (public service). The three organs relate though claimed to be independent, but are the major pillars upon which the whole functions of government rests. Naturally, each arm or organ of government has

The biggest loser from corruption is society as a whole. Corruption allows inefficient producers to remain in business, encourages governments to pursue perverse economic policies, and provides opportunities to bureaucrats and politicians to enrich themselves through extorting bribes from those seeking government favours. Thus, corruption distorts economic incentives; discourage growth (Mbaku, 1980; Gold, 1980). Bureaucratic corruption occurs in the public administration or the implementation end of politics. This kind of corruption has been branded low level and street level. It is the kind of corruption they encounter daily at places like the hospitals, schools, police stations, immigration offices and other public offices (Arowolo,

This is because African top leaders were somehow not accountable and ruled with impunity, especially with regards to the management of public finances and public positions. An impressive thing about many public figures in some Asian countries when they are found to have abused public trust is their public demonstration of regret, contrition, shame and even tears before cameras. Some even commit suicide to avoid public shame (Achua, 2009). For example, Rohmoo-hyun, a former South Korean leader, committed suicide on May 23, 2009 to spare those close to him additional grief as a result of allegation against him for accepting bribe of some $6 million from a business while in office (The Nation, 2009b). these cultures of remorse and contrition which serve as institutional glue that bind the society and public together do not yet exist in Africa (Nigeria) in particular and the local government administrative institutions. In Nigeria, the culture of impunity seems to reign supreme and shamelessness of the most object type is considered a national virtue particularly among the political class (the Nation, 2009b). Consequently, public confidence in most of the leaders is low and they are often objects of derision, presented as greed corrupt and oppressive around the world (Achua, 2009). To these effects, the effort of President Buhari and Governor Dave Umahi is commended