What Affects the Strength of an Electromagnet?
Aim What is the effect of increasing the current and increasing the number of coils when picking up paper clips?
Definition First of all, an electromagnet has to be defined. An electromagnet can also be called a Solenoid, Which consists of a core of iron and then wire is wrapped round it.
Prediction
I predict that as the current carried in the wire gets stronger, so will the magnetic field surrounding the electromagnet. Therefore, I think that the amount of paper clips picked up will increase as the voltage gets higher until the electromagnet can't pick up any more paper clips. I also predict that the more coils wrapped round the wire creates a bigger magnetic field allowing more paper clips to be picked up.
Variables
Thickness Coils
Length of wire
Core Material
If the paper clips are already slightly magnetized from previous experiments
Weight of the Paperclips
Number of Paperclips available
Equipment Mat - (To protect the surface of the bench)
Power Pack - (To control the voltage of the current)
*Battery Pack – (To control the voltage of the current)
Crocodile Clips - (To take the electricity to the Electromagnet)
Paper Clips – (To test the conductivity of the Electromagnet)
Electromagnet Iron Nail - (to act as a core) Wire - (wrapped around the core)
Test the Voltage Method 1. Take the Iron rod and wind the wire around it, leaving the two ends of the wire free.
2. Plug two crocodile clip leads into the Power pack and attach each crocodile clip to a different end of the wire which is wound around the rod.
3. Turn on the power to the required voltage (I had a problem with the power pack because they kept short circuiting so I decided to use a battery pack but they would drain very quickly and could only test 2, 4, and 6 volts) and then bring the box of paper clips up so that they are touching the Iron rod
4. If there are any paper clips still hanging, take them off and count them and record the results
The above method was repeated at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 & 12 Volts.
Testing the Number of Wires Method 1. Take the Iron rod and wind the wire around it 10 times increasing the number of coils by 10 each time up to 100 coils, leaving the two ends of the wire free.
2. Plug two crocodile clip leads into the Power pack and attach each crocodile clip to a different end of the wire which ...
... middle of paper ...
...; 4.60 50 51 45 51 49
12 5.00 50 53 45 46 48
Conclusion
The results did show that my predictions had been right. The amount of paper clips increased by increasing voltage or by increasing the no. of coils(as Shown on the graph). The fact that the electromagnet gets stronger or weaker as you change the voltage is a useful one and the fact that the magnetic field gets bigger depending on how many no. of coils and gets stronger for how much voltage is passed through the coils.
Probably the reason that some of the results were anomalous because some of the paperclips may have become magnetised, or the Rod may have become a weak permanent magnet.
My best fit line didn't pass through the origin, although it came very close. This is probably because the iron rod became slightly magnetised and acted as a weak permanent magnet, before it was connected.
Step 4: Pull the clamping handles present on either ends of the machine down, and clamp the sheet metal.
== = == 1. Set up the equipment as shown in the diagram on the floor.
Electricity is used later in the book to demonstrate this marionette metaphor when he receives "shock therapy" in a hospital after being injured at Liberty Paints. The wires that are attache...
To complete this we lab we used a spark timer, a sparker, timer tape, and a meter stick.
Once you have determined the positive and negative sides of the ports and LED bulb, insert the bulb into the socket and gently push on it to secure it.
Put a label on each test tube. With a pencil, number each test tube from one to twelve.
The Effect of the Number of Coils on an Electromagnet On Its Strength Aim: - To establish whether a variation in the number of coils will affect an electromagnet's strength. Scientific Knowledge -. The concept of electromagnets is fairly simple. An iron nail wrapped in a series of coils of insulated wire and then connected to a battery, will enable the nail to pick up paper clips. This is because the current emitted from the battery to the coils magnetizes the nail to the surface.
The change in direction of current is facilitated by the split ring commutator. The brushes remain stationary, but they are in contact with the armature at the commutator, which rotates with the armature such that at every 180° of rotation, the current in the armature is reversed.
-Voltmeter -Variable resistor -Power Supply -Various diameters of wire -Crocodile clips -Metre ruler [ IMAGE] Diagram:.. Secondary Source - (Obtained in A-level PHYSICS by Roger Muncaster). Page 536 - "The 'Page The electrical resistivity of a material is defined by R = L / A Where R = Resistance of some conductor(Î).
v+Vmaxsin(angular position of coil)”(cookeadamsdellmoore pg 509). This hopefully adds some insight into the use of electric motors, and the principles that make these motors work. Such as electromagnetism, binary switches for DC motors, and the selection of a running frequency of a motor through the use of an oscillator.
A ferromagnetic material is composed of many microscopic magnets known as domains. Each domain is a region of the magnet, consisting of numerous atomic dipoles, all pointing in the same direction. A strong magnetic field will align the domains of a ferromagnet, or in other words, magnetize it. Once the magnetic field is removed, the domains will remain aligned, resulting in a permanent magnet. This effect is known as hysteresis.
Knowing the information given in my introduction, I can hypothesise on two things. 1) The more paperclips there are, the greater the acceleration will be. 2) The shorter the rotor length is, the smaller the resistance will be.
The phenomenon called electromagnetic induction was first noticed and investigated by Michael Faraday, in 1831. Electromagnetic induction is the production of an electromotive force (emf) in a conductor as a result of a changing magnetic field about the conductor and is a very important concept. Faraday discovered that, whenever the magnetic field about an electromagnet was made to grow and collapse by closing and opening the electric circuit of which it was a part, an electric current could be detected in a separate conductor nearby. Faraday also investigated the possibility that a current could be produced by a magnetic field being placed near a coiled wire. Just placing the magnet near the wire could not produce a current. Faraday discovered that a current could be produced in this situation only if the magnet had some velocity. The magnet could be moved in either a positive or negative direction but had to be in motion to produce any current in the wire. The current in the coil is called an induced current, because the current is brought about (or “induced”) by a changing magnetic field (Cutnell and Johnson 705). The induced current is sustained by an emf. Since a source of emf is always needed to produce a current, the coil itself behaves as if it were a source of emf. The emf is known as an induced emf. Thus, a changing magnetic field induces an emf in the coil, and the emf leads to an induced current (705). He also found that moving a conductor near a stationary permanent magnet caused a current to flow in the wire as long as it was moving as in the magnet and coiled wire set-up.
Electrical motors play an important role in today’s society, from powering domestic appliances like blenders to industrial equipment such as trains. It almost seems impossible to not use an electric motor in our daily lives. In the comfort of our home, electric motors will operate fans, refrigerators, and air conditioners to just name a few. Researchers are constantly looking for new ways to incorporate electrical motors into our lives. Electrical motors function by converting electrical energy into mechanical energy by using the energy stored in the magnetic field (Sarma, 1981).