Department of civil and environmental engineering
Man and the Environment
Dr.Farah Laj Chowdhury
Water Reuse and Recycle
Dalal Al-Ayoubi U00041287
Fatme Rammal U00042327
Haya Farajallah U00035230
Lana M.Salem Bali U00041306
Title Page
Abstract 1
Introduction and types of water recycling 2 importance of water recycling 2 importance of water recycling, cont. 3 the relationship between natures and humans’ way of water recycling 3
Benefits of water recycling 4
Benefits of water recycling, cont. 5
Process of water recycling 5
Process of water recycling, cont. 6
Abstract:
This report will talk about water reuse and recycling. The
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In California, less than 1% is recycled from water supply. This is mainly due to the lack of education of the necessity of recycling and reusing water. Moreover, there’s always a concern about safety measurements required to recycle water. It’s very critical that the recycled water retains its sanitation.
Reusing and recycling water lessens the burden on natural resources and makes people able to share these resources with nature itself. Especially in countries where natural resources for water are limited. In many parts of the world, people assume that an abundant supply of clean water is always available.
Nature itself has been recycling water for millions of years. So nature is the ultimate recycler of water, called the hydrologic cycle. The overall amount of water on the planet never changes; it’s only the distribution of it that varies; whether it is liquid form, vapor, or solid. Nature has also its own filtration system. As water passes through the soil, the soil filters the water and allows the clean water to settle underground. Moreover, rocks and sands in riverbeds remove impurities of water as it moves downstream. So, every drop of water we’ve ever used has been recycled over and over
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The primary treatment includes the screening process in which large objects are removed. Then, grit removal takes place; where small inorganic materials, such as sand, gravel etc. are forced to be settled and then be removed while leaving the organic materials suspended in water. After that, water is left for heavier materials to settle down in sedimentation tanks. The secondary treatment takes place directly after the primary, where bacteria and microorganisms are used to remove the organic materials; therefore, oxygen depleting pollutants. Then, sedimentation takes place again to remove solid materials. Although water was filtered out of the organic and inorganic wastes; colors, metals and nutrients are removed by the tertiary treatment. Nitrogen is removed by nitrogen removing bacteria while phosphorous is removed by phosphorous removing bacteria or it can be converted to salts, kept to settle down and then removed by some chemicals such as aluminum or ferric. When the wastewater treatment is done, disinfection occurs to disinfect effluent before it’s discharged; and this happens using disinfectants such as chlorine gas or sodium hyper chloride, or by the use of disinfecting agents such as ultraviolet light or
Peterson, M., (2014, March 20). Drought: Our homes could be recycling gray water right now—why aren't they? Retrieved on March 21, 2014 from http://www.scpr.org/news/2014/03/20/42917/our-homes-could-be-recycling-gray-water-right-now/
My research question: Is the convenience of bottled water worth all the sacrifices in terms of money, resources, health and damage to the ecosystem?
Tampa Bay Seawater Desalination plant use reverse osmosis to produced potable water. According to the company responsible for the system, the station withdraws more than 44 million gallons per day (mgd) of seawater, and divided into potable water and concentrated seawater.21 Figure 10 displays the process of the desalination. When the water is withdrawal has a traditional system to remove the impurities in the water.21 The traditional systems is coagulation, flocculation, chemicals, and sand filtrarion.21 After this is used a process called diatomaceous.21 Diatomaceous is a kind of filter which remove silt and fine
There are several different levels of purification, so the water can be reused for diverse purposes. Through only low levels of purifications treatments water can be reused for landscape, golf courses, and agricultural purposes. After intensive processing waste water can be used to supplement our drinking water supply. At the beginning this process the water is filtered to remove any large pieces in the water. Following that the water is then allowed to sit to and let small items sink to the bottom. For the items in the water that were not filtered out, or were able to sink are filtered out through the use of chemical reactions. The chemical processes used are called flocculation and coagulation. This process is used to clump together the particles that were to light to sink on their own. Some common compounds that are used to carry out these processes are aluminum sulfate, poly-aluminum chloride, ferric chloride, and ferric sulfate. During this process the chemical compounds react with the ions in the water to create precipitates; when the precipitate forms it will gather all of the particles in the water that were not able to sink on their own, and then both of the materials will settle to the bottom of the
As many of you may know, 2013 has set the record for the driest year in California history and this drought has continued into 2014.
You'll find it at home, work, and school. It's in coolers and vending machines and on store shelves. You may have it with you right now. Bottled water is everywhere. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reports, "Bottled water is the fastest growing drink choice in the United States." In some ways, this is good news. More people recognize the health benefits of drinking water. They are choosing water over sugary drinks like soda and juice. Unfortunately, bottled water has a dark side. It comes not only with a high environmental cost but also with a hefty price tag. Stop and think: Is the growing trend of drinking bottled water really worth it?
It might be easier to live a healthy life for many people, but for others it can be very challenging. I have tried to be healthy so many times, but I always fell off the wagon. For many days I would “feel” healthy, but in reality I was not the healthiest person mentally or physically. I knew that I had to change my behavior, and become healthier (or at least almost healthy) if I wanted to live a longer life. I began my journey by drinking more water, balancing my eating with exerting, all while trying to stay mentally well.
There are many types of pollution. The main types of pollution are water, air, soil, thermal, radioactive, noise, and light. The topic for this experiment is Water Pollution. Water Pollution became a problem in the 1900’s when water started being treated like sewage. Earth Day was founded by United States Senator Gaylord Nelson on April 22, 1970 because of 1900’s pollution. Water Pollution also affects humans and animals. There was a Cholera outbreak in 1854, before water pollution became a problem, and a Typhoid outbreak in New York from 1900 to 1915. There are multiple possible causes to Water Pollution. Humans let out chemicals into the environment, and when some of those chemicals
Water is essential for humanity’s survival, and even though the world is largely covered by water, only a small percentage is only usable for human consumption. Approximately, on average, 120,000 gallons of water are used annually for a single-family household (Galbraith). This alarming number could be reduced dramatically for the efforts of water conserving and lower water bill prices for families and subsequently saving money that could be used for other expenses. Thus, conserving water would prove beneficial and advantageous to not just Texas, but for everyone else as well. Although environmental policies have been not as popular with Congress and the state legislature, it is still an important problem to consider since there are only a limited amount of resources for public use, such as water.
The consumption of contaminated water can be dangerous for health reasons and several people have passed away from these water-borne diseases. Some of these diseases include Cholera, Typhoid, Dysentery, Giardiasis, and Malaria. These unfortunate diseases are currently the cause of numerous deaths, especially in small children. The availability of clean water can prevent many problems in low-income communities. The available resources for clean water are very rare, so these water sources need to pass through a process of water sanitation in order to just be sustainable to drink, “The world’s surface is made up of approximately 80% water, which is an indestructible substance.
When we fail to value and appreciate our water sources and systems we put our future generations and ourselves at great risk. When water is viewed as the most important resource available to humans and is taken seriously with a focus on its future health and longevity we can avoid catastrophes in hydration, irrigation, agriculture, and energy needs. When we mismanage or misuse water due to its previous or current conveniences the general population suffers and the quick fixes are often times temporary and extremely expensive. We should start educating more children and adults on ways to better use, conserve, and waste less water, while working to change the public’s view of recycled wastewater. We can learn from the mistakes made by local, state and national municipalities by making the security and sustainability of fresh water more of a top priority. Our culture’s success and health is all built upon the availability and consistency of clean water, it’s time we started to acknowledge and care for it that
The terms secondary and primary treatment have been used to basically describe a degree of treatment; for example, biological wastewater treatment and settling. Tertiary treatment has been regarded as different from secondary and is the advanced one. It comprises of the use of sand filters to separate the solid particles from the wastewater. Tertiary treatment has also been regarded as the treatment involved to remove plant nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorous.
Many people around the world need water. Around 780 million people are unable to get clean water (One Billion Affected). People who do have access to clean water in their homes, have to pay a fee. The people who struggle to live obviously do not have enough money to buy water. People who are unable to have clean water have a good chance of dying either from disease or from dehydration. At least 3.4 million people die a year from water problems such as sanitation (One Billion Affected).
Less than 1% of the water supply on earth can be used as drinking water.
Asano, T., Burton, F., Leverenz, H., Tsuchihashi, R., Tchobanoglous, G. (2007). Water Reuse: Issues, Technologies, and Applications. New York: McGraw-Hill