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Literature review on Polio
Vaccinations in children research paper
Literature review on Polio
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Recommended: Literature review on Polio
Rai Shaw
Mr. Kegley
Health Science Technology- 3rd
18 September 2015
Immunization As of today, vaccines are mandatory in children. There are two types of arguments, one side is for parents being able to choose to vaccinate their child(ren). The other side is defending the vaccines, saying it is good to be mandatory. The ideal situation would be for both to be combined. Many people would choose to not vaccinate their children if they had the choice because they do not know all of the information. If they were informed about all of the negatives versus the positives, they might have a different opinion. Parents should be able to choose whether or not they want their children to be vaccinated, but they also should be informed of the plus side
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Mandatory vaccines would cause everyone to be vaccinated, causing many benefits, such as herd immunity, the extinction of several diseases, vaccine preventable diseases are still around, and the protection of future generations. “Herd” immunity is when much of the population is immunized, so disease outbreaks are prevented. Not only this, but for those who cannot receive vaccinations because they are too old or their immune system is not working properly, the herd immunity will protect them. “In 2005, an 18-month old Amish girl contracted polio and passed it to four other unvaccinated children, but, because the community met the herd immunity threshold for the disease, there was no polio outbreak.” (Gardiner, Harris, 2005). Several diseases have been completely eradicated due to immunizations. For example, smallpox is non-existent on this planet anymore because of everybody getting vaccinated. Also, polio is on its way to abolition. Because smallpox is extinct, children are no longer needed to be vaccinated for the disease. Vaccinations will get rid of a disease, so the vaccination is not required for that particular disease. Vaccination is still necessary for some diseases because they
Vaccines have many disadvantages, which justify a parent’s right to chose if they want to take the risk of vaccinating their child or not. The leader of a family, not the leader of a nation, should make this choice. The diseases and disabilities caused by vaccines are too substantial to ignore. More solid, long-term research should be done before they are deemed safe and mandatory. The innocent civilians who lost their lives in this war against disease are the biggest reasons of why the weapons of choice, vaccines, should be reevaluated.
With vaccines more abundant we can eradicate harmful disease like HPV, influenza, and Hepatitis. All treatable and yet still common among many communities in the United States. The only chance is providing people the necessary information and requiring mandated immunizations with no exempts in every state. Then maybe we can eradicate those diseases and permanently wipe them off worldwide like small-pox. Vaccines are safe and if we continue providing them we could eventually face disease like HIV and even some cancer that have not ever been able to treat in the future.
One of the major criticisms of mandatory vaccinations is the shift of balance in autonomy and choice versus the protection of the public (Anomaly, "Public Health and Public Goods"). I can see how from a Kantian perspective that mandatory vaccinations could be using people as mere means for the greater good of the public health, but when one’s individual rights and choices endanger my personal safety there needs to be some regulation. The idea of herd immunity may follow from a utilitarian framework that vaccinations bring about the greatest possibly good and minimize harm and ultimately maximize the happiness of the public, but it is a practice that promotes the health of our future generation. Individuals against mandatory vaccinations argue against the need for vaccinations due to the potential harmful side effects they may result in. The fear driving what vaccinations contain is based off misinterpreting data. The CDC provides great amounts of knowledge of the potential and tolerable side effects of vaccinations. Another major argument against mandatory vaccinations is the cost. Like mentioned above the vaccines that are currently required to go to school are measles, mumps and rubella (MMR), Polio, Whopping Cough, Diphtheria, Varicella, Hepatitis B and Hib, which can be a costly doctor visit. The likelihood that these vaccines will no longer be mandatory for school-aged children is
A beautiful, perfectly healthy baby is delivered into the world, only to be poked and prodded with needles just minutes upon its arrival, in the name of protection. Parents are practically forced to give their children all of the latest and greatest vaccinations without any other options. I believe that most vaccines are unnecessary, and it should be entirely up to the individual to make the decision on whether or not to be vaccinated. They should never be mandatory for any reason because it is your choice to decide what goes into your body, and your choice alone.
"Vaccination, or inoculation with dead or weakened pathogens, is used to stimulate an immune response in the body to combat a virus. " The vaccination helps the body 's immune system to stay strong and fight the diseases or viruses that may enter the body. The vaccination 's ability to combat the disease will keep the body healthy in multiple ways. People against the mandatory vaccinations will question the safety or how well will the inoculations works. Diseases that once cause deaths , sicknesses, and disabilities are now greatly controlled due to the new vaccinations. Inoculations are making your immune system stronger. When you get vaccinations, it will prevent other disease which is good for the entire country. For example, if there where multiple deadly disease going through the country then tourism would greatly decrease causing a decrease within the economic system. If mostly everyone did not recieve their vaccination because they were not forced then this could possibly create a big ripple effect and greatly effect
Many people come to the United States of America in order to live freely and make choices based on their personal morals. Considering the fact that America is known for being the “land of the free”, people should be able to choose whether or not they want to get vaccinated. People should have the right to reject vaccinations for whatever reason it may be, whether it’s religious beliefs, health concerns, or lack of belief in the vaccination systems. Personally, Vaccinations have benefited me and my health, and I choose to get vaccinated. I choose to get vaccinated because I strongly believe in a way it helps build my immune system and keeps me from getting sick or catching diseases. However, people have different beliefs than mine. Therefore
By relinquishing the right of adults to choose whether they get vaccinated or not, the government is devaluing the individual, in essence, the government is putting the collective ahead of the group, this concept is a key foundation in democratic centralism, better known as Communism. Individual rights was a huge basis on the foundation of the US(US Constitution), denying the rights of the individuals to chooses whether they get or not, breaks this foundation(Darrell). Requiring vaccination also brings many issues into play, such as making the time to take all the vaccinations, and many vaccinations can’t be taken all at once, and this results in them breaking their normal schedule. Senator Rand Paul of Kentucky, a former ophthalmologist, agrees while vaccines are a wondrous thing, but freedom should not be compromised in the sake of universal vaccination(Rand
In recent years, the correlation between vaccines and autism has become the subject of much debate. On one side, there are the anti-vaccinators, or anti-vaccers. On the other, there’s pretty much everyone else. Despite the fact that the anti-vaccination movement has little base in scientific fact, their campaign to end early infanthood vaccinations rages on. While doctors and scientists try desperately to make parents look at the research studies, vaccination rates continue to fall. But, even in these dark times, there is still hope that scientific fact will prevail and defeat the anti-vaccination fear mongers who have caused many children to fall ill and even die because their parents did not properly vaccinate them. This is one of the most saddening scientific failures of the twenty-first century. A failure to educate the public properly has resulted in child, even infant, fatalities. The anti-vaccination movement was started based on falsified data and continues only because of a lack of knowledge and proper education of the general public.
Immunization is the process in which vaccinations or serums help protect the body against diseases. These vaccinations help the body produce antibodies that fight off certain diseases. Many vaccines contain bacteria from diseases that have already been killed off while others contain weakened, live germs. Examples of vaccines that have been developed are for influenza, meningitis, rabies, rubella, chicken pox, whooping cough, and yellow fever (World Book Encyclopedia). While vaccines may seem like a solution to these diseases, a study has shown that 63% of parents fear that vaccinations can cause harmful side effects to their children, and 78% of parents think children receive too many vaccinations (Levs).
Rotavirus is an infectious virus that causes severe diarrhea, abdominal pain, dehydration, vomiting, and fever. Rotavirus is one of the main causes of death in babies and almost all U.S. babies have had at least one bout with Rotavirus in their lives. There are more than 100 million people that are affected by Rotavirus worldwide and about 500,000 people who are affected in the U.S. Each year rotavirus kills a couple 100 thousand kids and in 2013 WHO estimated about 215,000 children younger than 5 years old died that year. Asia and Africa are places where rotavirus is most common because these are where there are many developing countries and because of that they have a harder time preventing rotavirus. In developing countries, they don’t have the development to be able to have certain medications or vaccines because vaccines can be very expensive to people with low income.
When people live or work in circumstances where there is continual contact with many kinds of pathogens for long periods, the risk of suffering from infectious diseases increases. As a result, in order to make sure that the growing danger of outbreaks of some contagious illnesses must be eliminated, several countries and other regions have implemented policies of compulsory vaccination. Although mandatory vaccination is the most effective method of preventing children from some transmissible disease, it can also cause various issues that have adverse impacts on children. This essay will outline why compulsory vaccination for children is so important, including the reasons for compulsory vaccination and the risks resulting from non-vaccinators.
Vaccines have become more important in the recent years due to the fact there are newer and more dangerous sicknesses. There are new vaccines made every single day to keep up with the rapid growth of new diseases. When vaccines first came out there were a lot questions concerning whether they were safe or not. Many people refused to get vaccines due to the fact that they did not believe the vaccines were helping, but was making things worse. Although, vaccines were developed to help save people’s lives and protect them from many foreign diseases.
The Anti-Vax Issue According to World Book Advanced Encyclopedia, immunization is defined as the process of protecting the body against disease by means of vaccines or serums (Hinman). While medical science backs up the efficiency and necessity of vaccines, within the past decade, a rise in parents disbelieving the medical community and neglecting to immunize their children has occurred. This “fear of vaccines” is nothing new, but with the ever-increasing safety of vaccines, the benefits of inoculation far outweigh the risks. Parents who refuse to vaccinate, or anti-vaxxers, put more than their children’s lives on the line, but also risk the safety of the whole community. Because vaccines are essential to protecting individuals and communities
Recently the number of parents who are intentionally delaying their children’s general vaccinations is increasing. The controversy that is causing the number of delayed vaccinations to go up is based on the fact that there are negative articles connecting them to autism and other similar diseases. When parents are researching vaccinations and they read those negative articles, those articles make them believe that vaccines cause autism. Vaccines are important because they protect humans from preventable diseases and getting them could save human lives. Vaccines are important throughout life no matter what some research suggests. Parents are now more likely to intentionally delay vaccines because of negative press, even though vaccines
For innumerable centuries, unrelenting strains of disease have ravaged society. From the polio epidemic in the twentieth century to the measles cases in the latter half of the century, such an adverse component of nature has taken the lives of many. In 1796, Edward Jenner discovered that exposure to cowpox could foster immunity against smallpox; through injecting the cowpox into another person’s arm, he founded the revolutionary concept known as a vaccination. While many attribute the eradication of various diseases to vaccines, many United States citizens are progressively beginning to oppose them. Many deludedly thought that Measles had been completely terminated throughout the United States; however, many children have been patronized by