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Kashmir has been an immense issue since 1947. This downfall came along side with the partition of India-Pakistan. Both countries have been fighting for this territory and yet the feud still continues. We are still in the midst of deciding whether it belongs to the Indians or Pakistanis.
Muslims and Hindus have been living together in Kashmir with peace and harmony. Later when the time came to draw a line between India and Pakistan the issue came to the naked eye when a decision had to be made about Kashmir being a part of India or Pakistan.
This decision had to be made because both the Muslims and Hindus resided in Kashmir. This led to a serious issue as both would revere the same saints and prayed at the same shrines. But after the 13th century Islam became a majority religion in Kashmir which gave an edge to the Pakistanis for making Kashmir their land. But the catch to this Muslim majority was that they were led by a Hindu leader which gave a strong point to the Indian leaders.
Although there was a clear Muslim majority in Kashmir before the 1947 partition the political developments during and after the partition resulted in a division of the region. The territory of Kashmir was contested even before India and Pakistan won their independence from Britain in August 1947. Under the partition plan Kashmir was free to accede to India or Pakistan. The maharaja, Hari Singh, wanted to stay independent but eventually decided to accede to India, signing over the key powers to the Indian government in return for military aid.
Under the partition plan Kashmir was free to remain independent or become a part of either India or Pakistan. The maharaja took the decision of joining forces with the Indians which Pakistani argu...
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...stan says that India according to the UN resolutions in held Kashmir shall give right to vote to the Kashmiris. They should remove genocide by the Indians. Pull out Indian forces from held Kashmir for that purpose Pakistan has signed an agreement named Confident Building Measures and India is always trying to put hindrances in these measures because Indian thinks that ‘might is right’ because of their powers. It is a blunder to restrict all rational thinking to the four walls of regional politics. It is like viewing the world through a tinted glass wherein you find the color of the glass but not of the actual things. It will be worth noting how comfortable the contending parties are with the inception of new members and new elements. In my view point India and Pakistan should sit together to resolve issues through dialogues as war is not a solution to this problem.
...ate, was cut divided into two in the western region by the newly established border. Major tensions have persisted among both Muslim and Sikh communities for years, which directly suffered most from the violence and land loss resulting from partition.
These key points will be discussed and compared in relevance to the question, on which causes were important towards the contribution of independence and partition. Perhaps the longest term cause relating to partition was the Mughal Empire. It was in 1526 that the Mughal leader Babar, a Muslim, invaded the Hindu majority India. This was a minority of invaders ruling over a majority, and continued through Akbar's reign from 1556 to 1605 and finished with Aurangzeb, who died in 1707. By this time about a third of people in India were Muslim.
In the case of Hinduism and Islam, the major differences in both of their religious beliefs lead to the occurrence of many religious conflicts. In the middle ages, Islam expanded into the “Indian Peninsula”, and began to threaten the way of life of many Hindus. Muslims, the worshippers of Islam, believe in one God because their religion is monotheistic, and is based upon the teachings of Muhammad; who lived between the time periods of 570-632 BCE (Sullivan). On the other hand, Hinduism is believed to be a polytheistic religion whereby they have a set of diverse beliefs. These two religions are different in many aspects especially when it pertains to their respective practices, places of worship and their religious laws or principles. Nonetheless, these differences sparked violence, and created a strong tension between these two religions. This religious tension that coexisted among the Indian Hindus and Indian Muslims caused the creation of the Muslim League in the year 1906. The purpose of the Muslim League was to protect the civil rights of the Muslim Indians (Sullivan). However, despite many efforts to stop each other from gaining excess power over one another, it marked the beginning of many religious conflicts between these two
Inda was fighting a war within themselves over religious differences. The country was divided by the Muslims and the Hindus. Both religions thought that they were the supier ones and the other was ludicrous. The two religions used cricket, a sport that was once their safe haven, as new grounds to deteriorize eachother for their religious choices. (Doc 7) Peace makers like Ghandi tried fighting for peace between the two religions but the hatred of one other overbeared the love both religons shared for their country. Ghandi was later murdered because of the never ending hostility of the two religions, but not before he was able to express his opinion on cricket tournament teams being seperated based on religion. He spoke about how religiously based teams were taboo and unsportsmanlike, and that the desciosn to draft the teams like that never made sense to him. (Doc 8) The religous conflict wasn’t even resolved when India and Pakistan split into different countries in 1947 because of their pronounced religious tensions. If you were a Muslim still residing in India after the split, you were expected to cheer for the Hindus, and celebrate when they won. It was considered shameful to be upset about the Muslims losing. (Doc 9) If you wanted to cheer for the Muslims, it was only accepted to do so in Pakistan. The battle between the two religons is still as strident today and it was over a hundred years ago. At this point,
When Punjab became a Sikh majority state, then the Sikhs requested Punjab become a country called Khalistan. For example, according to sikhiwiki ”Jawaharlal Nehru reiterated Gandhi’s assurance to the Sikhs at the All India Congress Committee meeting in Calcuatta in 1946. He declared: The brave Sikhs of Punjab are entitled to special consideration. I see nothing wrong in an area and a set-up in the North wherein the Sikhs can experience the glow of freedom.” The promise was made by both Nehru and Gandhi but not delivered.
The Prince of Kashmir chose India but Pakistan invaded the province soon after and have occupied part of Kashmir since then. Controversy still surrounds the province today because naturally, Muslims want to control it. While many Muslims relocated to Pakistan and the Hindus to India, half of the Muslim population was left in India and their relations did not improve after being partially separated.
During the Cold War, many regional conflicts occurred and were noted as the significant battles which later led to decolonization. One of the regional conflicts were India and Pakistan fighting for their independence. In 1947, India was released under Great Britain’s control and gained its independence. However, the country was divided between Muslims and Hindus, which share different religions. Muslims wanted church and state to become unified while Hindus wanted a separation of these two establishments. Since these two ethnic groups disagreed, it was difficult to create a new government. Therefore, India was divided into two nations: India for the Hindus and Pakistan for the Muslims. Hindus and Muslims were racing to the border in order to get to their nation state which led to killing 500,000 people due to rioting. Although, Mohandas Gandhi, an Indian National Congressman, wanted to obtain peace between these two religions. Pakistan refused the H...
Introduction In late 1947, the newly created states of India and Pakistan went to war over the valley of Kashmir. A United Nations brokered ceasefire divided the state into Indian and Pakistani controlled territories, and resolved that a referendum would be held in which the people of Kashmir would be able to choose to join either country. The referendum has not been held to date. India granted its portion of Kashmir a special status within its constitution, allowing for a great degree of self-autonomy.
As a country with multiple religions, a secular state, the political process has been moulded. around not only ethnicity and caste but religion has proved to be a major factor in the decision. India has long been known as a very spiritual, religious. area of the world. Religion is a way of life, an integral part of Indian tradition.
Choudhry, Dr. Shabir. “Human Security and Protection of Rights of Kashmiri People under Pakistani Administration.” Counterurrents.org. N.p., 18 Mar. 2011. Web. 15 May 2011. .
...tween the Hindus and Muslims, Jinnah felt that Muslims had no future in India (Overfield 216). With the end of British rule in 1947, not only did India gain its independence but also along with it was born an other country, Pakistan where Jinnah served as the first governor (Overfield 216). With the gain of India’s independence, Gandhi was shot the following year in 1948 by a Hindu zealot who resented his commitment to Hindu – Muslim harmony (Overfield 212).
Athwass in its spirit and essence mirrors the ethos of Kashmir, which, for centuries, has represented peace, nonviolence and brotherhood of man (Kaul, 2012). Since 1989, the low-intensity conflict in Jammu and Kashmir has been the most important issue in India's internal security scenario. Possession of the State of Kashmir has been an issue of dispute since 1947 starting with India and Pakistan. After tw...
Kashmir — a beautiful mountain state with clear rivers, evergreen forests and one of the highest death rates in the world. It is at the center of an age-old dispute between Pakistan and India that has dragged on from the independence of both nations over fifty years ago to the present time, with no resolution in sight. The combined population of the two nation totals over a billion, so no conflict between them is of passing importance, especially when nuclear weapons are involved. Pakistan and India share a common heritage, language, and traditions, yet the subject of Kashmir can push them to the brink of annihilation. Fifty years of animosity have built up as a result. A proxy war still brews in Kashmir, claiming dozens of lives every day, running up a casualty total over time into the hundred thousands. Kashmiris have suffered untold horrors and Kashmir has the notorious reputation of being one of the world’s most dangerous flashpoints.
When the British, Muslim League, and India agreed to create the Muslim state of Pakistan and India’s independence from Great Britain in 1947 the subcontinent was divided into modern day Pakistan and India. The area of Kashmir and Jammu was not apportioned to either Pakistan or India, which led to the current militarization of the region by both countries with each staking exclusive rights to the land once they were created and gained independence from British rule. The Pakistanis believe the area should be apportioned to them largely because of the Muslim majority that inhabits the area, the Indians on the other hand have long controlled this region throughout its history and consider its rights to the region to be inherent. (Schmidt,
Although, the demand for Pakistan was accepted in Cripps proposal but its main aim was to make India as Dominion state. Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah showed dissatisfaction on these proposals. Therefore the Muslims rejected Cripps proposals after the guidance of Quaid-e-Azam.