Employment and Unemployment
Most Australians, at some stage in their lives, participate in the labour force and receive financial benefits in return. The participation rate of the labour force changes frequently as people constantly join and leave (ABS 2018). According to the ABS- “The labour force participation rate is defined as the labour force (persons employed or unemployed) expressed as a percentage of the population.”
Changes in AustraliaIn the past 20 years, Australia’s labour force participation rate has had a slow incline, rising from 60.8% in 1979 to 63.7% in 2002 (ABS 2018). Since then, the participation rate has increased to a record high of 65.7 per cent in April 2018. Along with the increasing participation rate, employment
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Generally, a woman on paid maternity leave would be treated in labour force surveys as being attached to a job, and hence employed, while a woman on unpaid maternity leave would be treated as not being attached to a job, and so not in the labour force. In some countries, women may be entitled to longer periods of paid maternity leave than in Australia, and so would be considered to be employed for a longer period, leading to higher participation rates in child-bearing years (ABS …show more content…
Business loss/Job cuts came into the number one reason for retrenchment, at 43% (ABS 2013). Business closure ranks at second with 18% followed by change of management at third with 15% (ABS 2013).
Source: ABS- Reasons for retrenchment in the workforce (July 2013)
Domino’s Manager says he consistently faces management changes due to owners selling the franchise due to lack of profitability. “At one stage we had 2 different management in a span of 2 months that affected 5 employees as the new owner employed relatives/friends in order to cut costs” (Domino’s Manager 2018). The interviewee stated that only the employees that are trained by Domino’s for a management position are kept in order to run the store and all other employees are let go.
“Even though full time employees should receive advance notice and their benefits before being let go, most employees are immigrants or students who aren’t aware of these conditions and unfortunately, comply with the new owner” (Domino’s
Throughout the world, in history and in present day, injustice has affected all of us. Whether it is racial, sexist, discriminatory, being left disadvantaged or worse, injustice surrounds us. Australia is a country that has been plagued by injustice since the day our British ancestors first set foot on Australian soil and claimed the land as theirs. We’ve killed off many of the Indigenous Aboriginal people, and also took Aboriginal children away from their families; this is known as the stolen generation. On the day Australia became a federation in 1901, the first Prime Minister of Australia, Edmund Barton, created the White Australia Policy. This only let people of white skin colour migrate to the country. Even though Australia was the first country to let women vote, women didn’t stand in Parliament until 1943 as many of us didn’t support female candidates, this was 40 years after they passed the law in Australian Parliament for women to stand in elections. After the events of World War Two, we have made an effort to make a stop to these issues here in Australia.
Unemployment is a social problem in Australia, which affects a majority of society in many ways. Not only can it cause financial debt to families, but from there it can cause family breakdowns, social isolation, shame and it can even lead to violence. The Conflict theory perspective explains how unemployment can be caused by class and power by focusing on the inequality within society. The inequality sequentially predicts that the poorer members of society struggle to find employment, to be able to get education to find suitable employment and are.
Maternity Leave in Australia Maternity leave allows women to take leave of absence from their job to give birth and care for their children. The International Labor Organisation sets minimum standards for maternity leave. These include a right to 12 weeks' paid maternity leave and prohibition against dismissal during maternity leave. Although a member of the ILO, Australia has never ratified its convention concerning maternity protection ---- we have no standard maternity leave provisions.
Changes in unemployment in Australia is a key issue in this news article. In the last twelve months, unemployment in Australia has dropped from 5.6 per cent to 5.1 per cent which is described as ‘a puzzle’ in the news article. Looking closer, there are some possible explanations for this change in statistics. Previously, unemployment in Australia increased in the time of the recent global economic downturn, although didn’t suffer as poorly as other countries according to data from the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development. However, while unemployment rose, so too did the number of people in other forms of underemployment such as part-time and casual work (OECD, 2010). According to Sappey et. al., the status of employment requires workers to only work one hour per week and so therefore many underemployed workers receive the same employed status in this data as full-time workers (Sappey et. al., 2010, p. 111). According to the OECD, under-employment increased significantly during the downturn, rather than unemployment. Unemployment has dropped in the last twelve months but that does not mean that those who have obtained work have gained full-time employment. In fact, according to the Australia labour market trends of the last twelve months, it is more than likely that those who have become an ‘employed’ statistic rather than ‘unemployed’ have not gained full-time work. This news article quotes figures fro...
Our society is structured according to already predetermined dimensions. Especially significant is gender. Our gender is an element that can not only define differences but also create advantages and disadvantages (unequal society 148). It therefore becomes essential to consider what gender refers to. Gender is best defined as a way of classifying people based on socially agreed distinctions that are associated with male and female anatomy (gender history 153). Gender differentiation is evident in all societies and in particular in Australia with men and women seen to take on different social roles (gender 384). This has resulted in a significantly unequal spread of life chances (gender 384). Thus creating a category of analysis that inequalities flow from (gender history 154). Differences in opportunity between men and women therefore become evident. This historically established prejudice against women. However, the women’s liberation movement in the 1960’s and 1970’s broke barriers with women gaining more power in respect to education and employment (gender 383). Despite such breakthroughs, elements of gender inequality can still be seen in Australian society. This is interesting as most Australian’s have an assumption that we are an egalitarian society that does not encourage injustice and believes everyone should have a ‘fair go’ (collective identity 167). Through the exploration of the Australian labour force and harassment, violence and discrimination towards women we can see that gender equality is growing, but still evident, in Australian society.
The idea of the globalisation of Australian businesses, the process where businesses develop themselves internationally is one of the main issues in our current society. The concept of globalisation has occurred due to many factors, such as reduced trade barriers, a reduction in tariffs and quotas, new developments in technology and also new innovations in transportation technology. These factors that have caused globalisation can result in many consequences, both positive and negative. These consequences are free trade caused by a reduction in tariffs and environmental costs such as pollution caused by factories and greenhouse gasses causing global warming.
I INTRODUCTION Labour law in Australia has evolved from the traditional system of compulsory arbitration into a system of federal legislated minimum employment standards aimed at providing a ‘safety net’ to protect the vulnerable employees in our society. Governments have implemented various mechanisms to protect the weak and redress the imbalance of power to ensure employees voices are heard within workplace relationships. The radical political changes under the Howard Government created perhaps the most revolutionary alteration to Australian industrial relations attacking tradition ideals of compulsory arbitration.
Currently in the United States, under The Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993, the federal government mandates a minimum of 12 weeks unpaid maternity leave to mothers who have a newborn or have newly adopted a child. Whether or not an employer chooses to pay the mother during this time is left to their discretion. This law only applies to about 50 -60 percent of working mothers due to firm size and duration of employment requirements. Currently, only 11 percent of private sector workers have access to paid maternity leave in the United States. The U.S. is the only industrialized nation that doesn’t mandate paid maternity leave to women. (Stearns, 2015)
From a legal standpoint the in the Food Service Industry, there are certain laws and regulations to be met prior to entering. For example, Domino’s has to meet strict health and insurance requirement’s, such as Business Property, Business Liability, Business Crime, and Worker’s Compensation Insurance to Operate a business. They’re other competitors such as Pizza Hut and Papa John’s that have to purchase these insurance to protect their business. Some of the protection covered by these Insurances are property damage, in case of a fire; Business liability, that protects them from any accident that may occur at the restaurant, or illnesses that the food may cause; Business Crime, covers theft and robbery, and Workman’s Compensation, that represents the interest of injured workers in the workplac...
...omer complaints with store employees. Customers would receive phone calls directly from their local store. This social technique improved customer satisfaction as well as bridged the gap between customer and employee. Finally, Domino’s wanted to personalize the customer experience. One way it achieved this, aside from the aforementioned, was by providing the name of the employee making the pizza as well as the driver. Though the company dealt with opposition from employees who did not want their names attached, eventually, employees began to see the benefits of the change. This new social architecture improved employee morale as well as established a more comforting environment for customers.
Unemployment has been and still is an issue ranging across all ages, from the youth to the adults and even old aged. The current rate of unemployment in Australia is about 5.5% (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2018). The rate of unemployment runs parallel with the growth of labor force. Its growth is largely determined by two factors: the increase in the working-age population and changes in the rate of participation. This growth in the working-age population is largely shaped by the existing demographic and policy developments by the government.
These statistics were compared to other states such as Queensland which is 6.7% and New South Wales at 5.2%. This large difference is astonishing, why is South Australia and Queensland such a harbinger for the unemployed population when compared to NSW. This statistic can all be related back to one problem.. This problem is that there is no minimum employment age in South Australia or Queensland but in NSW where it is 1.4% lower there is a minimum age to work of 17 years old. Why can’t we have an easy solution that will allow the older population to work in areas highly populated with the younger generations?
It’s hard to live a normal healthy life without a job and money. There are a variety of reasons why people are unemployed. Being unemployed can cause one to experience financial, emotional, and personal problems.
Youth unemployment is a global problem facing both developed and developing economies. The United Nations define youth unemployment as individuals between the age of 15 and 24 years not employed and actively seeking employment. Statistics only consider youths who have attained the required age of employment who are willing and able to work but without jobs. Unemployment rates raise concerns in all economies. However, the rate and trends vary from one country to another irrespective of the country’s development status. For instance, in Cuba, Sierra Leone and Germany, youth unemployment rates were below 10% as per the year (Petersen & Mortimer, 2011). Sierra Leone is a developing country while Germany is a developed country yet their youth unemployment rates are comparable. On the other hand, youth unemployment rates in South Africa, Armenia and Spain were above 50% as per the year 2010 (Petersen & Mortimer, 2011). In most countries, youth unemployment rate is more than double as compared to an unemployment rate in people above the age of 24 years. Canada is not an exemption as the youth unemployment rate is raising major concerns. In the recent years, issues of youth unemployment have dominated political debates and social forums. More and more youths are leaving institutions of higher learning to end up being jobless. A considerable proportion of the youths are doing jobs that are below their level of educations. Organizations are raising standards in jobs where jobs previously performed by high school leavers are being given to diploma and degree holders. Since 1966, general unemployment rate has averaged at 7.75%. As per April this year, the unemployment rate among the youths was 14.5%, w...