The vastness of space holds many mysteries. One such mystery has puzzled scientists for hundreds of years; that of the abiogenesis of life. Exactly how can such complex organic structures blossom from nothing more than large chunks of elementally simplistic rock?
On June 30th, 1908, another of these universal mysteries (although one that can be considered philosophically smaller) released 10-15 megatons of energy in a blast that devastated large swathes of the Tunguska forest region in Russia. Many theories exist regarding the cause of this impact, known as the Tunguska Event, ranging from notions as grounded as volcanic gas vent explosions to ideas as enticingly fanciful as a UFO crash, government bomb testing, or even secret experiments conducted by Nikola Tesla. Most scientists have settled on the idea that the event was the result of a celestial body breaking through earths upper atmosphere and exploding before impact with the surface. The idea that asteroids, comets or other space debris could have brought elements necessary for life to our planet is not a new one, and whilst most research on Tunguska focuses on what exactly the celestial body was, the same research informs us whether a 'life by impact', or pseudo-panspermia, hypothesis could be somewhat veridical.
This piece will look at several points integral to this assessment, given written weight according to what I feel their importance in the debate stands at. Firstly I will explain pseudo-panspermia as a concept, before assessing whether information gleaned from Tunguska research can support this concept. I will then discuss problems with interpretation of the Tunguska evidence, before concluding that Tunguska as an isolated incident is not enough to verify the ...
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...sult of inconclusiveness regarding Tunguska would be rash, in much the same way that affirming the theory based solely on Tunguska would be. Sections 3 does not allow for the implications discussed in section 2 to carry as much weight as they otherwise would. Limitations exist within this piece, as there is less space than necessary to comprehensively cover the event and much of the research necessary to do so is in Russian. In summary, it is perhaps noteworthy that what Tunguska may tell us can be cogently rebutted by what we still don't know about the event, and on that basis I cannot convincingly state that Tunguska makes for a convincing case regarding pseudo-panspermia. I feel it may be necessary, given the abundance and value of research, to look at other impact events for answers to the mystery of life, at least until the mystery of Tunguska can be solved.
...ary knew about the crash and that they were going to transport the wreckage to another military base. Many eyewitness accounts with similar details eliminate the possibility of merely a single person making up the entire event. The government’s contradictory reports demonstrate that their knowledge of the incident is dynamic and dependent on how they want the people to react. This matter is important because it raises the possibility that if the government is hiding information from the public about a spacecraft accident, there may be other incidents where the government is concealing the truth from the public. Despite the government’s best attempts to cover up the Roswell incident, eyewitness accounts from the common person validate the idea that an unidentified flying object crashed in Roswell, New Mexico and eternally changed the lives of several people.
International Masters Publishers (1999). Secrets of the Universe: Your guide to the cosmos…and beyond (Category 5: Roswell incident: Rumors of a cover-up) [card]. USA: International Masters.
Following the conclusion of the Second World War, the United States and the Soviet Union made it a priority to outdo each other in every possible facet from arsenals of missiles to international alliances and spheres of influences. Yet when the Soviets launched Sputnik on October 4th, 1957, the world changed forever. The first manmade object was fired into space, and it appeared that American technology and science had fallen behind. Yet, the public feared that not only were they now technologically inferior to the Soviets, but also deduced that if a satellite could be launched into space, a nuclear missile could just as likely reach the mainland United States. Less than a month later, the Soviets pushed the bounds of technology yet again by
The statement “Killing 150,000 people in less than a second actually allowed fewer lives to be lost.” might sound horrendous. However, that statement is the reason why the United States was able to win the Second World War. In contrast to this statement, some people might argue that it is inhumane to massacre that many people in less than a second. The dropping of the atomic bombs on August sixth and ninth of 1945 was the correct decision for American in order to effectively and efficiently end World War Two. America should have dropped the bomb because it saved American lives, there was a lack of incentives not to use the bomb, and dropping the bombs was the quickest way to end the war.
The UFO crash site in Roswell New Mexico in 1947 was the start of people’s interest in extraterrestrials, the discovery of military secrets and experiments kept from society, and the start, in search of answering are we alone in this universe.
This study will explore the shape and scope of the Manhattan Project scientists’ political movement between 1942 and 1945. It will examine the messages they brought into the political realm and investigate how they approached political questions. It will further examine why the scientists were unable to influence wartime policy regarding the use of nuclear weaponry.
The chain of events that resulted in the deaths of 39 mislead men and women was set in effect by what could have been mechanical error. An amateur astronomer reported photographing a huge "Saturn-like object" trailing the tail of the comet Hale-Bopp. Applewhite received news of this young mans discovery. He came to the conclusion that this object was a UFO that was meant to take the cult members to the "next level".
Sixty-nine years ago, was the year that the most deadliest kind of weapon was put to use. The Atomic Bomb was used twice on Japan during World War II. There are many devastating facts on this topic, but the most facts that people wonder about are the following: the reasons for this attack, Who made the decision and why, What are the names of the Atomic bombs, and what was the outcome of this decision?
In early August 1945 atomic bombs were dropped on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. These two bombs quickly yielded the surrender of Japan and the end of American involvement in World War II. By 1946 the two bombs caused the death of perhaps as many as 240,000 Japanese citizens1. The popular, or traditional, view that dominated the 1950s and 60s – put forth by President Harry Truman and Secretary of War Henry Stimson – was that the dropping of the bomb was a diplomatic maneuver aimed at intimating and gaining the upper hand in relations with Russia. Today, fifty-four years after the two bombings, with the advantage of historical hindsight and the advantage of new evidence, a third view, free of obscuring bias and passion, can be presented. First, the dropping of the bomb was born out of complex infinite military, domestic and diplomatic pressures and concerns. Second, many potentially viable alternatives to dropping the bombs were not explored by Truman and other men in power, as they probably should have been. Lastly, because these alternatives were never explored, we can only conjecture over whether or not Truman’s decision was a morally just one, and if indeed it was necessary to use atomic energy to win the war.
World War II brought up many new technologies for warfare. Advanced on existing developments such as weaponry, ships, vehicles air crafts, navigational devices and medicine are just a few broad examples of developments in warfare during this time in United States and World history. One development, however, changed the entire way of warfare. The Atomic bomb was developed during this time out of fears that the Germans had the same technologies, or at least were working to obtain it. Once the United States had this technological capability of producing atomic weapons, the way of fighting was changed. Two bombs were dropped on Japan in August of 1945, one on the city of Hiroshima and the other on the city of Nagasaki. Afterward, the ear of atomic diplomacy came up in American international relations, which as we have seen today, has led to the development of even stronger, more deadly weaponry and bombs. The bombing of Japan also brings up the still prevalent debate of whether the bombings were justifiable or not. Historians Gar Alperovitz, Robert P. Newman and Barton Bernstein all have written essays expressing their opinions in the matter.
After the first few days of the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Americans, without knowledge of the aftermath of these cities, began cheering and celebrating as the bombings marked the end of World War II. Also, this event showed that Americans would be the ones who would lead the world into the nuclear age. In a Gallup Poll taken from August 10-15, 1945, Americans were asked whether or not they approved or disapproved of the use of atomic bombs on Japanese cities, 85 percent approved, ten percent disapproved and five had no opinion.30 then when asked if the development of the atomic bomb was a good or bad thing, 69 percent said it was a good thing, 17 percent said it was bad, and 14 percent had no opinion (Steele).
Civilization. Jan./ Feb. 1995: 30 - 39. Smirnov, Yuri, Adamsky, Viktor. “Moscow’s Biggest Bomb: The 50-Megaton Test of October 1961.” Cold War International History Project.
. At the town of Roswell an Unidentified Flying Object (UFO) crash landed in the quiet little town. Many Roswell residents testified that they saw a burning object plummet toward the ground before exploding upon impact. The Air Force's initial reaction to the incident was to tell the world that they did not know what it was. This shows me evidence that they had no “protocol” for this kind of occurrence, thus the Military leader stepped in and covered everything up. This incident caught the attention of citizens of the United States, local officials, and the media. It has especially gained interest in a variety of Special interest groups/ groups that specialize in researching and investigating events that involve UFO’s.
The Roswell incident is one of the most publicized and well-known accounts of a possible UFO crash in the world. Perhaps the greatest evidence that a UFO did indeed crash near Roswell, is the wide scale military cover up that took place after the crash. This along with numerous eyewitness accounts of the crash site, prove that what ever happened in the summer of 1947, was certainly not a normal occurrence.
The Roswell Incident, which enlightened our minds to the capacity of excepting all, has remained one of the most controversial issues today. In Roswell, New Mexico, 1947, a strange occurrence arises. An alien craft from outer space crashed in an open field. The issue lay still for almost thirty years, until the thought of a government cover-up arose.