Tourism in an LEDC Is Likely To Generate As Many Costs as Benefits
Tourists flock to destinations for two main reasons, to see either primary or secondary resources. Primary resources are sites and places that where not built for the sole use of tourism, this also includes natural features such as beaches and places of outstanding natural beauty. Secondary resources are any features that pull tourists into a country and where built with that aim, for instance theme parks and attractions (these are more common in Developed Countries due to the large capital required to build them). Tourism is now the worlds biggest industry, one in which every country in the world wants to play a part in. unfortunately
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In this essay I will show both benefits and costs that can come from tourism in Ledc's using a wide variety of examples and techniques. My aim is to prove that tourism has as many drawbacks as benefits and cannot be solely relied upon for economic stability.
Kenya is well known world wide for its extensive nature/game reserves, these spectacular natural features come under many threats, hunting, agriculture and tourism all take there toll on the fragile environment. Tourism in Kenya is a $600,000,000 industry and supports over 175,000 jobs. This is Kenya's largest source of income. The tourist industry thrives in Kenya, large amounts of visitors come to see the reserves, relax on the white sandy beaches and swim amongst the coral. 50% of Kenya's population is below the poverty line, and with 75% of the population based in agriculture it is easy to see why. The tourist industry although it only employs a small percentage of the population provides the largest income. Since the early 1980's tourist developments have shot up all over the coast in Kenya, supporting tourists who wish to spend there holiday on the beach
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These services are paid for through taxes paid by ecotourists; causing less leakage and a large proportion of funds to go back into the Kenyans economy (government revenue).
Ecotourists aim to support the constant preservation of the natural environment, saving the wildlife, especially the top 5 (protected species) from hunters. This is done by using appropriate technology and conservational management in game reserves as well as on the coral reefs. Practices outside of ecotourism have no limit to the number of people allowed to visit such sites and do not patrol what tourists do to the environment. An example is a single area of coral reef has been known to support 18 boats of tourists per hour, these boats also all use anchors that rip up the coral. Areas managed by ecotourists developments have a limit on the number of people that can visit the areas per day, if this number is exceeded the tours are cancelled. Mooring poles are also placed meaning anchors are not used
... This example shows how there are two sides to the story and this can
Sharpley, R., and Telfer, D. J., 2002. Tourism and Development Concepts and Issues. Bristol: Channel View Publications.
Strengths: This entry of the book is pretty up to date as it is published in 2017. That supports its reliability as well as its credibility. Moreover, it outlines that climate change and tourism are linked to each other and also affect each other.
Those in favor argue that making tourism a top priority is not equivalent to increasing tourism. In this discourse it is referring to more sustainable tourism. Through careful management of tourism UNESCO and World Heritage sites aim to find ways to preserve the environment, Heritage site, while ameliorating the social status of the state and the local citizenry. As previously mentioned there are sites in danger and tourism is not without its flaws. There are numerous models that depict how tourism is effective and ways that they aren’t. The Galapagos Islands are a stark example of how a large increase in tourism can have a cascading effect. As a result of this steady increase in the number of tourism development of infrastructure has also risen2. Due to the high volume of tourist the archipelago was placed on the World Heritage danger list ....
Particularly, there is a lack of protection and controlling measures to core tourism resources such as coral reefs and forest areas, leading to some degradation such as coral removal or trampling of natural areas. As these resources are “common pool resources”, there exists the tragedy of commons when everyone try to harvest these resources as much as they can before everyone else does (Holden, 2016). Heaving relying on natural environment for tourism products, it is critical that Tourism Town should control the negative impacts of tourism on the environment for the sustainability of the industry. Thus, it is recommended that Tourism Town government put in place regulatory measures such as entry fees and permit. Delicate areas charge an entry fee on tourists to support conservation and operators need to acquire permit to operators in these areas which requires them to meet certain environmental standards and pay a fee (Eagles, McCool, Haynes, Phillips & UNEP, 2012). This would in return contribute government revenues (Eagles et al., 2012) to support
Stabler, M.J. Papatheodorou, A. Sinclair, M.T. (2010). The economics of tourism 2nd edition. New York: Routledge.
Nowadays in the rea of globalization, according to the World Tourism Organization, “seven hundred million people travelled abroad in 2003”, and the number is estimated to increase to 1.6 billion by 2020. (International Labour Organization, 2005). Tourism is spreading in unusual places. A lot of people want to be in the midst of adventure. It is a vital source of revenues for the GDP of many countries. I partially agree that tourism hugely benefits the local community. This essay will discuss some of the economic, social and environment effect of tourism on the host community.
The green strategies initiated in the visitation to natural setting minimize degradation of the ecosystem; thus, increasing returns from tourism. The trends, in turn, can inspire stakeholders to preserve resources that benefit all. Ecological tourism also encourages less damaging ventures for profit such as bird watching, which, in turn, makes it easier encouraging conservation as the incentive to help minimize exploitation of the natural resources. The tourism also creates a platform for exchanging knowledge on preservation activities and such makes ecological conservation easier. Another way in which the tourism can benefit the people is that it facilitates utilization of returns of tourism equally thus spurring economic growth. The tourism also minimizes overexploitation of resources which contributes to the pollution of the environment. In addition to enhancing the construction of infrastructure for tourism, the funds from tourism can facilitate promotion of cultural activities that ease environmental conservation such as site
It is the economic effects of tourism which bring the most benefit to the host nation. Tourism is a low import user which means more of the money earned here stays here. The government is earning money through tourist taxes such as the airport tax, increased export earnings and income tax revenue from people employed by the industry. A balance must be struck between these benefits and associated negative impacts on the community and the environment.
The economy can be clearly identified as the most beneficial aspect of tourism. “According to recent statistics, tourism provides about 10% of the world’s income and employs almost one tenth of the world’s workforce” (Mirbabayev, 2007). In Australia alone, Tourism contributed $87.3 billion in 2012, and employed 908,434 (7.9%) people (Kookana & Duc Pham, 2013). Tourism is “one of the most profitable and rapidly developing industries in the world” (Popushoi, 2004). Every year the number of tourists increase dramatically and consequently the revenues from tourism will increase substantially.
The uncontrolled tourism increase is threatening many natural areas around the world.with the uncontrollable levels of tourism this can put great deal of pressure on an area, andthis could end up leading to negative environmental impacts on the air and the water quality, thevegetation,the soil.the wild life and the possible job opportunities.
Since from the ancient time, travel and tourism was one of the important social activities for the human being. Human being is always in search of new places for entertainment as well for peace. Now a days travel and tourism becomes easier due to advancement in technology. This technological advancement calls for the changes in the tourism industry which makes it rapidly growing industry of the world. The growth of this industry is become rapid due to increasing income level, increased leisure time and reduction in the cost of traveling. As large no of people travel across the world there is huge investment in this industry worldwide. Every country has sets his own standards for tourism development and try to grab the opportunity
Tourism is the one of economic and social activities that increasingly vital. Number of travellers domestic and international is increasing. In fact, several countries in present world develop tourism sectors as primary sector which generate national income. According to Salah Wahab and Cooper (2003). Tourism is also sector which involves role that mutually link between government, private sector and also public.
In the more economically developed countries (MEDCs), synonymous mainly with the industrialised countries of the northern hemisphere there, has been an explosion in the growth of leisure and tourism industry, which is now believed to be the worlds second largest industry in terms of money generated. In order to differentiate between leisure and tourism it should be recognised that leisure often involves activities enjoyed during an individual’s free time, whereas tourism commonly refers to organised touring undertaken on a commercial basis. Development in the two areas could be attributed to changing patterns in working lives within the last four decades. Generally, people now have more disposable wealth, work shorter hours, receive longer, paid annual leave, retire earlier and have greater personal mobility. In addition, according to Marshall & Wood (1995), the growth of the tourist industry per se can be associated, in part, with the concentration of capital; the emergence of diversified leisure based companies, sometimes within wider corporate conglomerates and often associated with particular airlines. Furthermore, the development of tourism can generate employment both directly, in jobs created in the hotels, restaurants etc, and indirectly, through expenditure on goods and services in the local area. Nevertheless, although the tourist industry is competitive, which essentially keeps down the cost of foreign travel, the success of tourism in any one area can be ‘influenced by weather, changing consumer tastes, demographics, economic cycles, government policy, not to mention international terrorism and other forms of conflict.’(1) Although such factors may have a detrimental affect on the economy of a popular tourist destination (or even tourism in general, in light of September 11th 2001), the consequence of tourism in general is often three fold: environmental, social and cultural, which in turn has prompted a search for new ‘friendly’ approaches that are less destructive.
At the present time, one of the inseparable parts of the economic growth is considered as tourism industry. Commonly, tourism is the movement of people to other places for business or leisure purposes as well as covers their activities. Holloway and Humphreys defines that the places where tourists come and spend their money are called as “tourist destinations” in other words “receiving areas”. Many countries have been improving tourism to overcome economic difficulties since it is growing fast. The industry activities have been demonstrated a general positive trend in the economy and it has already become the inherent part of economic development. In host countries, tourism has led to such positive consequences as the improved infrastructure,