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Representations on violence in the media
Masculinity in american society 20th c
Violence in media essays
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Recommended: Representations on violence in the media
Suleiman Iddrisu
Intro to Philosophy
Final Report
5/12/2014
We are being taught by our own society to be violent. The pressures to speak and act tough and violently are everywhere. Media and the roles they portray are crucial to constraining men to seeing violent masculinity as the culture norm.
In our society, that is to say, the American culture, we view masculinity through male dominance. This idea was founded and install in us at a very young age, which is why we see adolescent boys acting in a violent manner. We are pressured by our society to accept the gender norms because we are taught to insult or degrade those who are different from us, that was the bases on which America was founded.
In the movie, “Tough Guise” we first hand sees how the gender norms affect the whole male population. For example, the word “fag” is used to identify or to bully boys who are not manly enough, lets say, a boy who is acting too weak or too emotional, which is one attribute of femininity actions, this boys will be called a fag, pussy, and bitch, so he will know he is being too girly and needs to man up and be masculine. Adolescents are raised with the idea that the culture norm for a man is to be manly and women to be feminine and to act any other way is an insult to the gender role.
When Ronald Reagan became president, his attempt was to
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When asked what is meant to be manly, most responded as being strong, physical, in control, powerful, athletic, and on the other hand when asked what is meant to be a woman, most responded as being emotional, motherly, selfless, gentleness, empathy, sensitivity, caring, sweetness, compassion, tolerance, nurturance, and deference, which are all attributed to feminism, while masculinity is associated with economic, sexual power and
When Katz interviews inmates in prison, many of them say that the reason why they use violence is that it is the quickest way to achieve respect. The idea behind respect is that it is a circle. When one wants to achieve respect, in some cases, they use violence to develop it, but to establish respect, one has to show their masculinity. Many times masculinity is achievable only through violence, which then completes the casual loop. The sociological idea of sociobiology, the study of social behavior in both humans and animals, can be applied to this scenario since humans have the incessant need to be socially accepted by their peers. For instance, many gang initiations involve an act of violence, and if one does not go through with the task at hand, the individual will lose the respect of every member. Therefore, males will show their masculinity to their peers to gain their respect. While I do agree with the notion that every person has to prove themselves to others, the idea of establishing respect through violence is not the answer. While it is the fastest way to achieve masculine approval, it is also the fastest way to lead one down a path that they cannot come back. While violence is not the answer, if one does not establish their masculinity, many often comment that they are not a man, but feminine instead. This transitions into how one tries to prove their
Whatever we see in movies, television, video games, or any other source of entertainment, there will always be a male figure who symbolizes masculinity to the fullest extent. All that masculinity represents empowerment is what seems to appeal to men nowadays. In Michael Kimmel’s Guyland: The Perilous World Where Boys Become Men, the novel presents the irresistible desires that men seek in order to receive the approval of other men. An approval where men gain access to the concept of Guyland, where young men become masculine in order to fit in socially and to feel empowered. However, achieving absolute masculinity leans toward the use of violence that is presented in the media, presenting a message where violence is used for the purpose of getting what one desires.
As described in the film “Tough Guise 2”, the U.S. is both obsessed with and is a victim of its own culture. On one hand, movies and video games that glamorize violence and books that argue that violence. Additionally, many other films and books highlight that violence is a core aspect of male masculinity and argues that men are losing it through the empowerment of women and the loss of employment. At the same time, the United States has suffered through countless gun-related deaths and the mainstreaming of media such as Bum Fights, where actual homeless people are assaulted on camera. But due to the politicization of the issue of violence and the news media to properly explain the issue to the U.S., many people are taught that violence stems from the youth, which is only part of the broader picture. Instead of identifying and preventing the largest source of violence in the country, young white males, the focus is instead shifted toward the potential of violence of young men of color in poor urban
In an excerpt from his book, Guyland: The Perilous World Where Boys Become Men, which was first published in 2008, sociologist Michael Kimmel shows us how the teaching of masculinity in America begins to form at a very young age and goes far into adulthood. He focuses on how boys are molded from a young age to be men, by forms of harassment, teasing, and peer pressure from parents, relatives, friends, teachers, and society. In this specific essay, Kimmel explains the pressures young boys experience and the expectations as they grow into manhood. Kimmel vividly describes men who are pressured by their own peers to prove their masculinity. Furthermore, there is a relentless sense of having to show ones ' 'manly ' ' behavior. Masculinity is expected, and needs to be shown in-front of others at all times. For most men, being able to do
1. In Riseman and Seale’s chapter Betwixt and Be Tween, they focus on how sexual identity can be used to police a male’s masculinity. It can start with something as innocent as a shy, quiet boy who starts to be picked on because he is no assertive or aggressive like the other males. The way he is picked on can be the other boy’s called him a: faggot, gay, homo, or boy lover. This means at a young age boys start to think they have to be a certain way to seem manly: assertive, enjoy sports, and be better than girls in all aspects; these are just a few ways boys try to prove their masculinity. One example that proves this was discussed in this chapter. Some students, both male and female, are given a hypothetical situation about a boy, Marcus,
Violence is the way men gain control and they use this in many different areas. They are wrapped up in a vicious cycle as Johnson stated. Men fear being controlled and they assert that control by using violence to create a fear. When men feel emasculated, which they often do in relationships, things take a turn for the worse. The most interesting part of the whole thing is relationships are supposed to be a place where one another connect. They are supposed to be vulnerable to each other but yet many men are still unable to do this. This shows that the idea of being the most masculine is embedded deep inside and is almost like a disease whose symptom can become domestic violence.
The documentary Tough Guise reveals that the cause of violence traces back to cultural codes on masculinity and societal expectations rooted from such codes. Prior to watching the documentary, it was difficult to understand how culture played a part in men’s violence—it was thought to be more of a natural phenomenon linked to men’s biological traits. The documentary, however, disproves this: men’s violence in America is “made” by the society, not “given”, and thus cultural implications should be explored to understand where the violence really comes from.
Jackson Katz is the founder of Mentors in Violence Prevention which is an education program that has been focused on military and sporting organizations in attempts to put a halt on gender violence. Other than being an educator, Katz is also an author and filmmaker. In 2013, he produced the film Tough Guise 2. In this film, Katz reviews the normalization of male jurisdiction in America. The film looks at the messages of gun violence, sexism, and bullying that are sent to men throughout their entire life. Tough Guise 2 argues the statement that male brutality is a rooted back to our cultural standards of manhood. A pivotal point of the film is that a male’s masculinity is not just handed to them, it must be earned. During the course of the film, this point is supported by examples such as gun violence, homophobic messages and mass shootings.
This also leads into the fact that people interpret male violence and aggression as natural. They’ll pin it as something hardwired from ‘the hunter-gatherer days’. Often times they’ll also blame it on media violence, such as graphic video games, movies and TV shows. This is something much broader than that.
They do this by proving they are not weak or feminine. In fact, according to Michael Kimmel in “Men, Masculinity, and the Rape Culture”, the worst thing one can call a man is a word that is feminist based. This is why it is so important to men that they show domination and strength. But what is unknown is that biologically, men and women are very similar. In The Mask You Live In, Neuroscientist Lisa Eliot describes, “Throughout history there’s been this belief that men and women are fundamentally different creatures… Sex is a biological term. It refers to which chromosomes you have… Gender is a social construct.” Men are so afraid to be feminine yet there is little difference biologically between men and women. Masculinity and femininity are socially defined. Therefore, men and women should be able to act the same without being judged. Moreover, men do not show their true selves because of the risk of other men judging them. Dr. Caroline Heldman explains in the documentary that, “There’s a whole social system the polices them through this low level threat from other men if they’re not manly enough.” Similarly, as Michael Kimmel writes in “Men, Masculinity, and the Rape Culture”, men in groups are the most dangerous because they feel they need to prove themselves to each other. Rather than constantly proving their manliness, men need to be themselves in order to attain
Jensen provides evidence throughout the text for three assumptions on why masculinity must be terminated from pertaining to just males. It is proposed that masculinity is harmful for both men and women, that men are surrendering their humanity by conforming with masculinity, and
Myers mentioned in his article that this generation of young discouraged, angry men feels abandoned with the today’s norms. Male movie stars and athletes have further influenced the masculine norms. In males perspective, liking a feminine color, doing feminine actions, listening to specified girl music is considered to be less manly. These have greatly affected the likes and dislikes of many men. The entertainment industry has created a big gap between what is masculine or feminine. This has caused a big separation and it's getting worse. Male are taught to be man of the house, strong, and powerful, but sometimes they’re belittled by society that they can’t do certain things and all the power is
Culture forces you to teach boys they must act a certain and tell the girls they must act a certain way. "People who express masculine and feminine traits equally are sometimes called androgynous. Among androgynous people, neither masculine nor feminine traits dominate" (Planned Parenthood). This movie does well with breaking typical stereotypes when Hit Girl comes across Kick Ass. Society teaches you that to be masculine you should be strong, independent, aggressive, non-emotional, and competitive while females are seen as gentle, caring, sensitive, and sweet. "
98 percent of mass murderers are men. According to Time in 2014, almost all rampage killers are men.This statistic startled me as I read "Toxic Masculinity and Murder" by James Hamblin of The Atlantic. In essence, this one figure demonstrates that masculinity is "a more common feature than any of the elements that tend to dominate discourse—religion, race, nationality, political affiliation, or any history of mental illness."
Tough Guise: Violence, Media, and the Crisis in Masculinity. Dir. Sut Jhally. Media Education Foundation, 1999.