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The history of title ix athletics proposal
NCAA and college athletes monetary compensation
Sports and racial integration
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College and professional football have become a staple in American society. The sport originally gained popularity during the late 1800s in the Northeast by the founding “Father of football,” William Camp. Camp was responsible for changing the rules in football so the sport would involve more contact like rugby. He also included a line of scrimmage in the rule changes, and address when a team would hold and lose possession of the ball throughout the game. Initially, people were skeptical of the changes;however, after Camp made more changes to game, the game began to gain more momentum in larger communities. Football became a sport of diverse communities to bond over. More universities began to make intramural teams for people to play on, which …show more content…
Segregation and discrimination have run rampant throughout the early and mid 1900s. Through the creation of Title IX, it was meant to give women’s sports the same opportunities and advantages as men’s sports. However, Title IX has also caused controversy among athletic programs because certain money making programs are being defunded to give equal opportunities to other athletes. It becomes difficult for institutions, like Baylor, to find an equal balance between supporting all of its athletes and profiting money. Now, many athletes are trying to fight the NCAA to try to be compensated for their athletic ability and for the millions of dollars that they are bringing in revenue. Many college athletes are struggle to live in a day to day basis outside of sports due to NCAA restrictions that are set upon them. By creating unions for athletes, this can provide athletes with suitable compensation that diminishes some of the inequalities between professional and amateur athletes. In today’s society, racism is not as bad as it was in the beginning of college and professional sports. Although recently, the n-word was spray painted across LeBron James’s home in Los Angeles, which shows that we still have an issue in our society. Racism is not as bad throughout college football specifically compared to how it was at the University of Alabama in the 1960s. More progressive southern coaches like Bear Bryant began to use integration as a way to not only expose his players to people of color, but to also increase the athleticism on his
Title IX is a law that was made by the NCAA in 1972, that states that there can be no discrimination or exclusion of a gender through athletics or education. (Mankiller). Which means that men's sports cannot be favored over women's sports. Many people are very cognizant of this law. For example, if a school has $100,000, the school must spend the money equally between the athletics of each gender, even if there are more men's sports teams. They must get the same treatment. That may sound great, but Title IX has impacted men's athletics significantly. Although Title IX has been a valuable way to establish gender equality, the NCAA loses money, puts men out of scholarships, abolishes smaller men’s sports teams, and it should be
Van Rheenen, Derek. "Exploitation in College Sports: Race, Revenue, and Educational Reward." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 48.5 (2013): 550-71. Print.
Since the National Collegiate Athletic Association’s (NCAA) inception in 1906 there have been laws in place to protect the amateurism status of its student athletes. Over the last 100 years the NCAA has morphed into a multimillion dollar business. The success and revenue that student athletes have brought the NCAA and its member institutions has sparked a debate of whether or not to compensate players for paying. Research in the field has focused on the debate and reasons to pay players and reasons not to. There has been little attempt to assert the thoughts, feelings, and opinions of the student athletes. The purpose of this study is to examine what the thoughts, feelings, and attitudes of the student athletes towards NCAA amateurism laws. Informal face to face interviews with Division 1 student athletes at universities in Indiana will be conducted to get an analysis of the attitudes, opinions, and feelings Division 1 student athletes have towards NCAA Amateurism laws.
Since the 1972 conception of Title IX of the Education Amendments, the number of women participating in intercollegiate athletics has increased five-fold, from fewer than 30,000, to more 150,000 in 2001. However, more than 400 men’s athletics teams have been dismantled since Title IX, the law forbidding sex discrimination at institutions receiving federal funds, became law. Some would say this is due, in part, to Title IX enforcement standards like proportionality. Proportionality requires that an institution’s athletic population must be of an equal ratio to its general student body. Among some of the 400-plus teams dismantled by Title IX are several former Colorado State University teams including wrestling, baseball, gymnastics, men’s swimming and diving, and men’s tennis. CSU student athletes no longer sport the opportunity of participating in these activities at the NCAA Division I level, and the days of the student body rooting for their ram teams are gone, possibly forever. Now the search is on to find a solution to the problems associated with Title IX if, indeed, a solution is ultimately necessary.
Imagine a business that brings in $60 million each year ,and the people fueling that industry receive none of the revenue(Wieberg). These same people work 40 hours in their sport every week, these “people” are college athletes. The NCAA, the governing body for major college sports, is the industry doing this to college athletes(Edelman). This is an issue of exploitation and control by large institutions over primarily poor people, the NCAA is guiding them in directions to make money for everybody while doing everything possible to keep the players out of the money. College Athletes deserve profit because they bring in large revenue into their program, the NCAA, and they invest tons of time into their sport.
Thelin, J. R. (2000). Good Sports? Historical Perspective on the Political Economy of Intercollegiate Athletics in the Era of Title IX, 1972-1997. The Journal of Higher Education, 71(4), 391. Retrieved April 1, 2014, from http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2649145
No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subject to discrimination under any educational programs or activity receiving federal financial assistance. (Preamble to Title IX)
Football can be traced by rugby and soccer. Walter Camp is the “Father of Football” (Bennett).The first American football game played in the 1860’s (Bennett). Football has a lot of history in the game. The rules are important to the game. The beginning of the National Football League is still going strong today. Strategies and formations of the game are important to study. Football is an aggressive sport and is one of the most played sports in the United States.
College sports has become like a job with players getting paid in scholarships, and the coach being the boss. The players must do what the coaches tell them to, and that is not always the best thing because coaches will do whatever it takes to win and earn money, even encouraging the use of drugs (Peck 36). Sometimes when coaches want players to come to their schools, they will give them preferential treatment and benefits while they participate in college sports regardless of NCAA rules (Saffici and Pellegrino 1 of 6). There is no doubt that college athletics are changing and becoming a big business, so the rules associated with how student-athletes are treated must change too (Saffici and Pellegrino 1 of 6).
Abstract: Collegiate athletes participating in the two revenue sports (football, men's basketball) sacrifice their time, education, and risk physical harm for their respected programs. The players are controlled by a governing body (NCAA) that dictates when they can show up to work, and when they cannot show up for work. They are restricted from making any substantial financial gains outside of their sports arena. These athletes receive no compensation for their efforts, while others prosper from their abilities. The athletes participating in the two revenue sports of college athletics, football and men's basketball should be compensated for their time, dedication, and work put forth in their respected sports.
Walter Camp is generally viewed as the most imperative figure in the advancement of American football. Camp turned into an apparatus and no more mainstream game on the planet. Notwithstanding, disappointed with what different principles expressed, he proposed his initially administer change. That change that turned into the most compelling in innovative American football was the decrease from fifteen players to eleven on the field. The impact was to open up the diversion and stress speed over quality, which was one of the best commitments of American
Martin Luther King Jr. had a dream, but so Cassius Clay, Jackie Robinson, and Bill Russell. Long before King’s famous “I Had a Dream” speech or Rosa Parks famous stand came something much simpler: sports. Sports have always had the ability to open people’s eyes in a way that is more impactful than words or actions. The way that athletics can shape a persons mind, or open their eyes to something beyond what they already believe, is incredible. They can get everyone to root for a common purpose, a common goal. And for some, that was freedom. The integration of professional and collegiate athletics not only changed sports history, but helped shape American history.
In the modern day United States the sport American football has become not only entertainment but also a tradition whether it’s watching the BCS college championship or watching the super bowl with the family. The sport of American football is unique to the United States and has grown and became iconic over the years and has become a part of many Americans lives. American Football was made in 1869 and was modeled after the sport of rugby. They took the basics of rugby and changed it to make it fit better for them. The game has changed over the years but it also affected many Americans as the tradition of Monday Night football has begun. The game has had problems with the United States government as it was said to be too dangerous to play, this lead to an upgrade in the equipment and they tried very hard to make the equipment well ensuring player safety throughout the sport.
The scholars expounds that Black athletes were commodities on the playing field to help win games and bring in revenue to their respected schools. However, the schools were just as eager and willing to leave their Black players behind and dishonoring the player as a part of the team. Therefore, not compromising the team’s winning and bring in profits for the school. Sadly, Black athletes at predominately White institutions (PWIs) who believed that they were bettering the live of themselves and their families members by going to college and playing collegiate sports to increase their post secondary careers. However, these athletes were only “show ponies” for their schools. Unfortunately, Black athletes had allegiance to their school; however, the school turned their backs on the athletes to protect the profit and notoriety of the school and the programs. Money and respect from White fans and spectators were more important to the PWIs than standing up for the respect of their Black players. Racial bigotry in sports was rampant and it was only going to get worse.
Football’s ancestors are considered to be rugby and soccer, with rugby being the more dominant aspect of the game. The game of football was born on November 6, 1869, when teams from Rutgers and Princeton Universities met for the first intercollegiate football game. At that time the game still resembled rugby and was more of an organized brawl than a sport. Then in 1873, representatives from Columbia, Rutgers, Princeton, and Yale Universities met in New York City to create the first collegiate league for the sport. They eventually established the Intercollegiate Football Association (IFA). Over the next decade some colleges decided to ban the brutal sport because of all the injuries received by its players. “Nearly 180 players had suffered serious injuries, and eighteen deaths had been reported from the brutal mass plays that had become common practice” (A Brief History of the Game). With these staggering numbers of injuries and deaths the game was falling to its own demise. So in 1905, President Roosevelt asked Harvard, Princeton, and Yale to save the sport. After several meetings the National Collegiate Athletic Association, or NCAA, was established as the governing group for football in college. They redesigned the game and added many new rules, such as forward passing, to reduce the number of injuries from the mass plays that teams used to use.