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Challenges in cross cultural communication
Cross cultural communication introduction conclusion
Challenges in cross cultural communication
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What shapes point of view? Personal context influences how you relate to the world and what you think is important. The statement Personal context shapes point of view is revealed by the texts, “This Land is Mine, This Land is Me”, by Paul Kelly and Kev Carmody and “Then and Now”, by Oodgeroo Noonuccal. This is extrapolated through the language devices and the visual techniques these texts portray.
Throughout the song ‘This Land is Mine, This Land is Me’, it indicates the two characters personal context. The song is about the Aboriginal and the European perspective on the land. The European is played by Paul Kelly. Throughout the song he sings about owning the land, “This Land is Mine”. While the Aboriginal Australian is portrayed by Kev Carmody.
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“I signed on the dotted line”. This line indicates he bought the land. “Bank breathing down my neck”. A hyperbole is used to create the image of the bank watching closely. This reveals that the European’s trade with currency. This is to industrialise Australia and make the country more like Europe. The Head shot of Paul Kelly is used illustrate anger and intimidation. This is to emphasise the European’s dominance over the Aboriginals at that time.
Kev Carmody’s verse illustrates the Aboriginal’s relationship with the land. He sings about the dreaming belief that the land is the Aboriginal peoples mother. His verse reveals a community perspective of the land. “Rock, water, animal, tree”, this phrase indicates the Aboriginal’s natural lifestyle before the Europeans came to Australia.
The use of the phrase “They Won’t Take It Away” has a different meaning during the Aboriginal and the Europeans verse. In the European’s verse the phrase means that he doesn’t want the government to take the land away from him because he can’t pay for it. But in the Aboriginal’s verse it means that the Europeans can’t take the land away from him because his culture and belief is centred around the
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As the group of Europeans are walking into the distance there is a road placed in the bottom left corner of the landscape shot. This illustrates the industrialised perspective that the Europeans have. While the Aboriginal is walking into the hills alone. This amplifies that the Aboriginals have a natural belief system and a strong connection with the land. As Kev Carmody is walking into the hills you can hear birds and a digeridoo in the distance. This reveals that he is going back to his culture.
For the Duration of the poem ‘Then and Now’, by Oodgeroo Noonuccal there is a relation to personal context and point of view. The poem is in first person which indicates that this is the Authors opinion and context. Throughout the poem there is a comparison of the past and the present. The poem indicates a contrast of before the Europeans settled Australia and the aftermath of colonisation. This is illustrated through the words ‘Then’ and ‘Now’, which are repeated throughout the poem. This is used to add meaning to the
Through the three pieces, the landscapes reflect a painting style is more often associated with European Romantic art, however, unlike the others, the central piece showcases the sky painted with miniscule dots, a technique common within Indigenous art (Lingard 2014, 44). However, the fact that the sky is the only piece of the composition painted with this technique and is placed in the background while more European inspired art and images are placed in the foreground is potentially symbolic of the marginalisation of Indigenous people and their culture in contemporary Australian society. Within Bennett’s own life, he was brought up without his Aboriginal heritage ever being spoken of, describing it himself as “overwhelming Euro-Australian” (McLean 1996, 20). Thus, within his artworks, a dotted circle at the top of each composition includes black footprints facing away from the circle, which matches his personal experience of Indigenous culture being ‘left behind’ in contemporary Australian society. The artist lived in a time where he was connected to a variety of Indigenous experiences including his own as well as the servitude of his mother, and thus through the combination of these varying art techniques, Bennett evokes both discord and further represents the marginalisation of Indigenous culture
This statement shows Aboriginals are inferior and have no rights or sovereignty over the land. Therefore the Europeans are superior by law to them. Lambert (2012. pg12) writes that Europeans regarded Torres Islanders and Aboriginals way of life and land use was “not being used in a fashion that European legal and property systems approved”. The information from both sources shows Europeans confirmed that land is not owned by anyone, unless there is a legal document to prove ownership therefore Europeans believed Aboriginals and Torres Islanders did not own the land even though they live there. Lambert (2012) suggests Europeans were “very liberal” compared to the Torres Islander and Aboriginals. The Proclamation 1835 was written after the Batman Deed however shows no evidence there was a treaty previously between John Batman and Dutigalla people. This also demonstrates Torres Islanders sovereignty is not regarded by the Europeans. (WC: 196). Jeff Lambert states the land was perceived as “unoccupied land” as “Aborigines demonstrated their affinity with the land in sustainability, cultural and spiritual terms” (Lambert 2012.pg 13), these actions were not
Aboriginal people disclose their Dreaming stories to pass on knowledge, cultural values, traditions and law to future generations. Their Dreamtime stories are passed on through various sacred customs such as ceremonial body painting, storytelling song and dance. (Artlandish Aboriginal Art Gallery, 2018). Dreamtime stories have a major importance in the daily lives of the adherents of the Aboriginal culture. This importance is demonstrated in the Australian film Ten Canoes, in this film and is established through the representation of kinship, belonging to the land and tribal law and ancient storytelling.
There are many cultural aspects of the poem. In the poem, “the secrets of your dreaming” refers to the Aboriginal belief called the Dreamtime. The three lines, “while waters of tears carry ancient stories down your jagged crevasses”. In these lines, “Ancient stories” and “down your jagged crevasses” refers to the Aboriginals rituals of ancestral spirits that take place near cracks in the stone walls of Uluru, such as crevasses. The first line in the poem, “Isolated rock” refers
...sed in the first scene; the white family appear more superior over the aboriginal family, music, such as the Celtic music used in early scenes to foreground the idea of white settlement and the reluctantcy to incorporate any values or ways of life that the original inhabitants had. Her powerful dialogue seen in ‘this land is mine’ scene, which significantly empowers to audience to question whether the white settlers have failed to incorporate any of the ways of life and values of the Indigenous people. Finally, Perkins’ fine editing skills allows audiences to physically see the contrasts of the two families and their beliefs, values and ways of life. From the film, audiences can learn, and also forces them to question whether they have failed to learn from the original habitants of the land they live in today.
The poem communicates that the tourists do not recognise the deaths of many Aboriginals, and this may be symbolic for colonialism. At the same time, the poem also depicts the highway as a killer, referring to it as a ‘petulant beast.’
The East Kimberly region of Western Australia has been depict as a place of ‘grinding poverty, violence and racist exclusion in which so many Aboriginal people in the east Kimberley live, and yet at the same time through art it communicate the beauty and grandeur of their lives. ‘For those trying to communicate through art with the issue of death, harsh, pain and even compassion, were seen as necessary to maintain memories and record of Aboriginal historical events. The thirst for telling such companionate story is not easily interpreted, however, if we look at history we could see the influence of real tradition of aboriginal art emerge.
Australia is a very unique place, along with our multiculturalism there is also a strong heritage surrounding us. At first thought of Australian heritage we think about such landmarks as Uluru, The Sydney harbour bridge and The Sydney opera house, The Great Barrier reef and other internationally recognised places. But our heritage goes much deeper than that; it is far more than outstanding icons. Along with these icons there are also unsung places like the old cattle stations, Aboriginal missions, migrant hostels, War memorials, our unique wetlands and the towns and cities we have built. Adding all of these things together, helps to tell the story of who we are and how we have shaped this land in the unique identity it has today.
Rachel Perkins, director of the film Mabo, highlighted the fact that Aboriginal Australians value their land. In this film Edie Mabo says “We've been farming this land since before you set foot on it, passed down from father to son, how can we not own it,” during this time the background speeds up and becomes more dramatic as he becomes more angry. This is because the director is trying to convey the message that the Aboriginal people are passionate about their land and how they believe it is one of the most important things to them. Also in the poem We are Going, written by Oodegeroo Noonuccal, one of the lines are is “We belong here, we are of the old ways”. This line is used to show that the Aboriginal Australians have lived in Australia for many generations, and also that they belong on that land, not the White Australians who colonized it. Both of these quotes convey the Aboriginal Australians value, which is
that the fate of the indians losing their land surly awaits them if they remain within the
Its meaning is paramount to traditional Aboriginal people, their lifestyle. and their culture, for it determines their values and beliefs. their relationship with every living creature and every characteristic. of the landscape of the city. Through a network of obligations involving themselves, the land, and the Ancestors, traditional Aboriginals.
Gard, S. (2000). A history of Australia. The Colony of New South Wales. South Yarra: MacMillan Education Australia Pty Ltd.
Eddie and his ancestors have been living on Murray island forever and have been passed down generation to generation. When the British came in and invaded Australia everything somehow became theirs. The director is conveying to the audience that we need to stand up for what’s right and that we have to treat others as they are our friend no matter the colour. The director is also showing Australia what we used to look like back in the 1900’s and to tell them to learn from our past.
Another impact of the Stolen Generations was that they were unable to establish their genealogy and this was a great hindrance to them being able to establish any Land Rights claim. Central to Aboriginal spirituality is their ‘Country’ also known as the land to which they belong or ‘Mother Earth’. Because all cultural links had been broken, there was no connection to their ‘country’ at all.
Judith Wright wrote about many things in her poems, which are necessary for Australian students to be taught which apply to learning about Australia. Australian culture is something Judith wrote about very strongly and this shows through her poem Bora Ring. Bora Ring is about the Aborigine culture and how it has been lost by the invasion of Europeans.