Thermal protection is a method of detecting over-temperature conditions and disconnecting the electrical power. This usually used to prevent fires or damage to electronics power supplies and equipment which may arise from the high temperatures.
Temperature in power supplies rises due to both environmental factors as well as heat generated by the components themselves. There is heat from semiconductors such as transistors, ICs, switching devices, from transformers, inductors and resistors.
The amount of heat varies from one power supply to another and may be a factor of design, power capacity and load. Natural convention is adequate for removing the heat away from smaller power supplies and equipment; however, forced cooling is required for
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Resettable thermal fuses;
This type disconnects the current at designed temperatures and resets when the temperatures resumes to normal. The fuse ios made of two heat sensitive metallic leafs which are usually in contact during normal operation. When the temperature rises, the parts react to heat and bend in a way that they contact opens. This disconnects the circuit and prevents further heating. Once the temperature goes down, the parts fall back together and current starts flowing again.
2. Non-resettable thermal fuses
This is a one-time fusible link such as the electrical fuse and must be replaced every time it blows. This type of a fuse has temperature-sensitive link that melts due to the high temperature.
Non-Resettable Thermal Fuse 10 A +192°C, 277 V AC
Inbuilt protection in Integrated circuits
Some components such as ICS have inbuilt thermal overload protection which turns of the IC when temperatures exceed the safe limits. The protection, mostly used in regulators, processors and other ICs prevents damage to the IC and circuit against excessive heating. The protection shuts down the IC such that the input is reduced until the temperature comes down. In some designs, the increased temperature increases the resistance such that the current in order to reduce the temperature. In this condition, the circuit may operate at lower power as designed and its output will reduce accordingly. This happens in computer systems and leads to reduced performance such as slow
Muller, S., Prowse, D. L., & Soper, M. E. (2012, September 25). CompTIA A+ Cert Guide: Power Supplies and System Cooling | Foundation Topics | Pearson IT Certification. Retrieved March 20, 2014, from http://www.pearsonitcertification.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1945640
Process tuning strategy is to minimize the average power consumption of multi-core processors that use the DVFS and CG techniques, while providing the same maximum performance. By scaling the supply voltage (VDD), maximum operating frequency is increased to enhance the performance of a multi core processor. However, increasing VDD is limited by the power and thermal constraints. These constraints can be determined by capacity of supply voltage regulators and cooling solutions in the computing platforms customized for each computing segment.
Though it’s meaning changes from beginning to end, the symbol of heat represents the current
...red testing at Lectromec showed that contaminants, such as water, lavatory fluid, and metal shavings, can create a bridge that can allow energy to unintentionally transfer between wires with cracked or damaged insulation for as long as 25 minutes without tripping circuit breakers. Specifically, the totalizer gauge’s wires on TWA Flight 800 had been improperly soldered together and had subsequently cracked apart, providing another opportunity for an explosive short circuit. During examination of the gauge at Honeywell, it was determined that electrical energy would cross the crack in the solder between the connector pins when slightly more than 270 volts (less than is used in lighting circuits) was applied to one of the pins. Thus, a short circuit from a higher-voltage wire to any corouted FQIS wiring could result in excess energy being transferred to the CWT.
If the coolant spends a small amount of time in the radiator, it loses less heat. If it spends a lot of time there, it loses far more heat.
...ics is also incorporated into the technology of our world, including how energy is taken from a refrigerator and delivered as heat to the kitchen; how a heat engine takes in energy by form of heat and uses that energy to create new mechanical and electrical energy; or how an air conditioner uses a heat pump to extract energy from the cold outside air and delivers energy in the form of heat to the warmer inside air. By understanding how thermodynamics is a study of physics, it will make it easier to recognize its influence on our everyday lives as well.
Warmer water temperature discharged by waste industrial heat into water can affect many aquatic species that cannot tolerate the warmth. A higher level of temperature can result in low oxygen concentrations by speeding up the rate of decomposition of organic matter. "The discharges are often associated with coal-or nuclear-fuelled power plants, and sometimes with large factories." (H.J. Dorcey). The increase of heat materials dumped into water can increase the temperature level in the water bodies and can affect all living organisms within that body. There are many disadvantaging technology which has been affecting water and raising the water temperature from normal. For example, electric power plants might withdraw water from nearby water bodies for the purpose of cooling in the plant and then return the heated water back to the same water body. This is insanely affecting the regular temperature. If the water is not the same, it can lead to many damages within the water body. For example, fishes will dies exhausted from the warmth and it will also affect other aquatic organisms causing them to boil in the water caused by others, sacrificing these creatures. Water from excessively heating up can be best prevented by using special cooling towers and ponds that disperse the energy into the
...tarts producing more heat than the cooling system is able to cool, the entire power system can fail.
A nuclear power plant is a thermal power station in which the heat source is a nuclear reactor. That nuclear power plant is similar to that of conventional power plant where the boiler is replaced by a nuclear reactor. As is typical in all conventional thermal power stations the heat is used to generate steam which drives a steam turbine connected to a generator which produces electricity. In a typical nuclear reactor the reactor core acts as heat exchanger, as the heat is generated by nuclear reaction, the generated heat is transferred to the primary cooling medium which is heavy water (D2O). Outside the reactor core, the primary coolant exchanges heat with the secondary fluid (water) to generate steam to be used in...
A security certificate is like a special deportation warrant in which the Canadian government can deport any “non-Canadians” who they feel are a threat to Canada and its citizens. An example of this would be anyone that the Canadian government feels is involved with a terrorist group or organization will be deported using a security certificate. Some pros to the security certificate are it will help the Canadian government better protect Canada by deporting anyone who poses a serious threat to Canada, and its citizens. Another pro is it limited in use as security certificates have only been used 27 times since 1991, meaning the powers of the security certificates have not been abused as of yet. It is somewhat fair to the person a security certificate
When we place two objects with different temperatures in contact with each other, the heat from the hotter object will immediately and automatically flow to the colder object. This is known as conduction. Some objects make excellent conductors of heat while others make poor conductors of heat or excellent insulators. Silver, copper, and gold make excellent conductors of heat. Foams and plastics make good insulators of heat but make poor conductors. Last night for dinner, I made myself a grilled cheese sandwich and a bowl of tomato soup. I heated the soup faster than I cooked the sandwich so I poured the hot soup into a bowl and finished cooking the sandwich. Once I was done cooking, I gabbed the soup bowl and burned my hand. The heat from the soup made the bowl hot. This is an example of conduction.
People are always looking for ways to save money. By using “Green” computer components you can save money and energy. Everyone having a computer powered on days at a time can use up a lot of energy, which will lead to a large energy bill. There is a lot of different ways to adapt your computer to be more energy efficient. Using more energy efficient computer components and changing settings in your operating system will save you big. By purchasing more energy efficient components such as processors, hard drives and computer monitors you can make your computer consume less power thus saving energy.
When there is a change in the magnetic field near a material which is electrically conductive, there will be a current produced in the material know as eddy current. This eddy current is responsible for the heating of the material. The amount of eddy currents produced in the conductor depends mainly on the external magnetic field. Heat generation can be controlled by the magnetic field as the heat generated in the element is directly proportional to the current which depends on the magnetic flux. So heat is indirectly controlled by the magnetic flux.
Heat treatment is a process using the controlled application of heat to change the physical and chemical properties of a material, and is commonly used in metals. However, materials such as glasses can also be heat treated despite metals only.
...rged as a consequence of volume development. As the motor chills off once more, the compartment furnishes a proportional payback liquid to the radiator, consequently, "reusing" it. This implies that fresher autos are considerably less inclined to overheating as more senior autos. Consolidated with upgrades in radiator liquid mixtures, which go about as radiator fluid in frosty climate and coolant in hot, the "reusing" methodology has prompted a noteworthy abatement in break downs identified with warm extension.