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Cultural revolution under china essay
China essays on the history
China essays on the history
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Today, China is the largest global manufacturing center, as well as the largest exporter of goods. It ranks in second by nominal GDP following the United States, and it was the fastest growing major economy in the world until 2015. Between the rising skyscrapers and gleaming city lights, it is hard to imagine that only fifty-years ago, a social catastrophe led to the death of millions was just about to begin. The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, as some called China’s “Spiritual Holocaust”, lasted for 10 years and left the entire nation in wound even till toady. The Three-body Problem is a Hugo Award winning science fiction which took place at this special period. In the novel, author Liu Cixin vividly demonstrated the destructiveness …show more content…
Students around the nation quickly formed units of Red Guards and started to prosecute “authorities” such as their teachers and anyone who has an unclear background. Later, the Red Guards started to fighting against each other for supremacy. In the Three-body Problem, the story began in the second year into the revolution. The author described a brutal battle between two different Red Guard units and the death of a little girl from one side. “Her fifteen-year-old body was so soft that the bullet hardly slowed down as it passed through it and whistled in the air behind her… The Red Guards backed up some distance and began to use the impaled body for target practice.” (Liu 21). In the book, nobody from either side showed the slightest sympathy for the little girl’s death, which is a representation of the insignificance of life during the Culture Revolution. Statistic shows that by the end of the Revolution, up to one and a half million people were executed or driven to suicide, and up to twenty million people had everything they own taken away and got sent to the countryside. It was truly ten-years full of madness and …show more content…
They were considered the “reactionary bourgeois academic authorities” and they were the enemies of every fraction. During that period, any association with foreign ideology was enough to get one killed. In the Three-body Problem, the main character’s father, professor Ye Zhetai was tortured to death by his students for teaching relativity in his physics intro class. One of the Red Guards said “Einstein is a reactionary academic authority… He even went to the American Imperialists and helped them build the atom bomb! To develop a revolutionary science, we must overthrow the black banner of capitalism represented by the theory of relativity” (Liu 44) during the public prosecution of professor Ye. The author showed how science was demonized and was being forcefully associated with political ideals. As stated in the Economist, “It was a time of ignorance and folly. ‘They beat her to death with their clubs,’ wrote a student about his teacher. ‘It was immensely satisfying’” (The Economist, 6). As a result, most school closed for years and the ones that remained open were only teaching Mao’s political ideals and propagandas for the Cultural
Jonathan Spence tells his readers of how Mao Zedong was a remarkable man to say the very least. He grew up a poor farm boy from a small rural town in Shaoshan, China. Mao was originally fated to be a farmer just as his father was. It was by chance that his young wife passed away and he was permitted to continue his education which he valued so greatly. Mao matured in a China that was undergoing a threat from foreign businesses and an unruly class of young people who wanted modernization. Throughout his school years and beyond Mao watched as the nation he lived in continued to change with the immense number of youth who began to westernize. Yet in classes he learned classical Chinese literature, poems, and history. Mao also attained a thorough knowledge of the modern and Western world. This great struggle between modern and classical Chinese is what can be attributed to most of the unrest in China during this time period. His education, determination and infectious personalit...
“The Death of Woman Wang”, written by Chinese historian Jonathan Spence, is a book recounting the harsh realities facing citizens of Tancheng country, Shandong Province, Qing controlled China in the late 17th century. Using various primary sources, Spence describes some of the hardships and sorrow that the people of Tancheng faced. From natural disasters, poor leadership, banditry, and invasions, the citizens of Tancheng struggled to survive in a devastated and changing world around them. On its own, “Woman Wang” is an insightful snapshot of one of the worst-off counties in imperial Qing China, however when taking a step back and weaving in an understanding of long held Chinese traditions, there is a greater understanding what happened in
It's 1996,and we're in Shanghai,China.Anguish and rage is in the air.Why?Because 1996 is when Chairman Mao launched the Cultural Revolution,when intelligence became a crime and a wealthy family background invited persecution' or worse.Ji-Li Jiang is 12-years-old.An outstanding student and leader in her school,she had everything a young girl could want:brains,ability,the admiration of her peers and a shining future in Chairman Mao's New China.Her life was perfect,but with the occurence of the Cultural Revolution,Ji-Li's world begins to crumble.She had an unfortunate situation,her family fell under one o...
The stories of the Red Guards remind me very much of the Stanford Prison Experiment, in which 24 university students were recruited for a psychological experiment in which half of the group would become a prison guard and the other half prisoners. The young men had rules that they had to live by during the week to two weeks the...
“It was not easy to live in Shanghai” (Anyi 137). This line, echoed throughout Wang Anyi 's short piece “The Destination” is the glowing heartbeat of the story. A refrain filled with both longing and sadness, it hints at the many struggles faced by thousands upon thousands trying to get by in the city of Shanghai. One of these lost souls, the protagonist, Chen Xin, was one of the many youths taken from his family and sent to live the in the countryside during the Cultural Revolution. Ten years after the fact, Chen Xin views the repercussions of the Cultural Revolution internally and externally as he processes the changes that both he, and his hometown have over-gone in the past ten years. Devastatingly, he comes to the conclusion that there is no going back to the time of his childhood, and his fond memories of Shanghai exist solely in memory. This is in large part is due to the changes brought on by the Cultural Revolution. These effects of the Cultural Revolution are a central theme to the story; with repercussions seen on a cultural level, as well as a personal one.
Watch your classmates criticize your teacher; Watch your father being taken away, because of long dead relatives; watch you classmates humiliate you in front of the class; Watch yourself needing to choose between family and future; Watch yourself only watching unable to help. Unfortunate, that was the reality for Ji-Li Jiang. Red Scarf Girl is a memoir written by Ji-Li Jiang, regarding the China cultural revolution between 1966-1976. Throughout the book,Family is important in defining who people are in Red Scarf Girl.
Schoenhals, Michael. China's Cultural Revolution, 1966-1969: Not a Dinner Party. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 1996. Print.
The Sun of the Revolution by Liang Heng, is intriguing and vivid, and gives us a complex and compelling perspective on Chinese culture during a confusing time period. We get the opportunity to learn the story of a young man with a promising future, but an unpleasant childhood. Liang Heng was exposed to every aspect of the Cultural Revolution in China, and shares his experiences with us, since the book is written from Liang perspective, we do not have a biased opinion from an elite member of the Chinese society nor the poor, we get an honest opinion from the People’s Republic of China. Liang only had the fortunate opportunity of expressing these events due his relationship with his wife, an American woman whom helps him write the book. When Liang Heng and Judy Shapiro fell in love in China during 1979, they weren’t just a rarity; they were both pioneers at a time when the idea of marriages between foreigners and Chinese were still unacceptable in society.
China’s Great Proletariat Cultural Revolution (GPCR) is a well-documented period in world history, but the most profound records are found vivified in the literature and films later into the 20th century, respectively. One of the most profound novels is “To Live”, authored by Yu Hua, which as a fictional narrative offers both a unique and realistic sense of the time period at the individual level. However, the provocative film adaptation directed by Zhang Yimou in 1994 was formidable enough that it was banned in Mainland China. Zhang paints a more realistic picture of how the GPCR influenced Chinese society but adds zest to Hua’s ambiguity but acceptable imperfection. Naturally, the film has many different characteristics yet still manages to overcome the challenges that implicate film adaptations.
Some counties in Zhanjiang had illiteracy rates as high as 41% some 20 years after the revolution. During the Cultural Revolution, basic education was emphasized and rapidly expanded. School wasn’t as popular as it used to be and education started to fall. The amount of Chinese children who had completed primary school increased from less than half before the Cultural Revolution to almost all after the Cultural Revolution (Lieberthal 34). The number of kids who complted junior school rose from 15% to over two-thirds (Lieberthal 34). “The educational opportunities for rural children expanded considerably while those of the children of the urban elite became restricted by the anti-elitist policies” (Liu 67). The leaders of China at the time denied that there were any illiteracy problems from the start. This effect was amplified by the elimination of qualified teachers—many districts were forced to rely on selected students to educate the next generation. In the post-Mao period, many of those forcibly moved attacked the policy as a violation of their human
Revolution Is Not a Dinner Party, a historical fiction book written by Ying Chang Compestine, exceptionally portrays the horrors and torture the Chinese people endured during the "revolution," or the Communist control and building of a new China.
The Red Scarf Girl take place during the Cultural Revolution, Ji-li and her family got caught in the savage change in china of the year 1966. Ji-li went through many hard struggles, as in losing and gaining friends, tough times with family, and because of her family, Ji-li was not allowed to do a lot of actives she wanted to do for examples; being a Red Successor and then a Red Guard. The reason there was a Cultural Revolution was because of Chairman Mao Ze-dong. The citizens trusted Mao with all of their hearts. China’s communities were brainwashed, so what’s good and what’s bad got all twisted around and if anyone contradicted what Mao said, that person would be jailed, tortured, or even killed; so he can keep a tight regain on the unfortunate
In The Cowshed, Ji Xianlin provides a recollection of the Cultural Revolution that is both similar and dissimilar to other memoirs. As a professor at Peking University, Ji Xianlin was one of many intellectuals and academics that were targeted by the Red Guards. His description of his experiences of struggle sessions or reform through labor in The Cowshed was not unlike those faced by his peers. Instead of presenting his experiences in anger, Ji Xianlin presents his experience of the Cultural Revolution from the perspective of someone who deserved punishment, not a victim. Moreover, despite everything he experienced, Ji Xianlin remained a loyal supporter of the Communist Party.
Through the characters and their experiences in The King of Children, Ah Cheng shows the effects that the Cultural Revolution had on education and how that affected the people’s search for personal meaning in education. The Cultural Revolution and Down to the Countryside’s elimination of all practical and economic incentives for receiving an education caused characters to find moral and ethical incentives for education, such as to protect others and to be able to communicate effectively.
Cheng, Nien. Life and Death in Shanghai. New York, New York: The Penguin Group, 1986.