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Jim crow law and the south essay
Jim crow law and the south essay
The effects of Jim Crow laws
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The Strange Career of Jim Crow C. Vann Woodward’s book, The Strange Career of Jim Crow, has been hailed as a book which shaped our views of the history of the Civil Rights Movement and of the American South. Martin Luther King, Jr. described the book as “the historical Bible of the civil rights movement.” The argument presented in The Strange Career of Jim Crow is that the Jim Crow laws were relatively new introductions to the South that occurred towards the turn of the century rather than immediately after the end of Reconstruction after the Civil War. Woodward examines personal accounts, opinions, and editorials from the eras as well as the laws in place at the times. He examines the political history behind the emergence of the Jim Crow laws. The Strange Career of Jim Crow gives a new insight into the history of the American South and the Civil Rights Movement. C. Vann Woodward’s The Strange Career of Jim Crow looks into the emergence of the Jim Crow laws beginning with the Reconstruction era and following through the Civil Rights Movement. Woodward contends that Jim Crow laws were not a part of the Reconstruction or the following years, and that most Jim Crow laws were in place in the North at that particular time. In the South, immediately after the end of slavery, most white southerners, especially the upper classes, were used to the presence and proximity of African Americans. House slaves were often treated well, almost like part of the family, or a favored pet, and many upper-class southern children were raised with the help of a ‘mammy’ or black nursery- maid. The races often mixed in the demi- monde, and the cohabitation of white men and black women were far from uncommon, and some areas even had spe... ... middle of paper ... ...howing the true race relations throughout the south during that period. Jim Crow laws might not have been in effect and might have been though unnecessary by a portion of southerners, but it would be interesting to find out how many African Americans were lynched during the period before Jim Crow laws became prominent for ‘offenses’ which would later be illegal under Jim Crow. Just as Woodward quoted President Eisenhower as saying “you cannot change people’s hearts merely by law”(163), so the lack of Jim Crow legislation does not necessarily mean that some southerners wanted it and lived as though it existed. Works Cited: Woodward, C. V. The Strange Career of Jim Crow. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. Works Consulted: C. Vann Woodward. 31 Oct. 2004. Wikipedia. 1 Nov. 2004 .
The original edition of The Strange Career of Jim Crow had as its thesis that segregation and Jim Crow Laws were a relative late comer in race relations in the South only dating to the late 1880s and early 1890s. Also part of that thesis is that race relations in the South were not static, that a great deal of change has occurred in the dynamics of race relations. Woodward presents a clear argument that segregation in the South did not really start forming until the 1890s. One of the key components of his argument is the close contact of the races during slavery and the Reconstruction period. During slavery the two races while not living harmoniously with each other did have constant contact with each other in the South. This c...
Assumptions from the beginning, presumed the Jim Crow laws went hand in hand with slavery. Slavery, though, contained an intimacy between the races that the Jim Crow South did not possess. Woodward used another historian’s quote to illustrate the familiarity of blacks and whites in the South during slavery, “In every city in Dixie,’ writes Wade, ‘blacks and whites lived side by side, sharing the same premises if not equal facilities and living constantly in each other’s presence.” (14) Slavery brought about horrible consequences for blacks, but also showed a white tolerance towards blacks. Woodward explained the effect created from the proximity between white owners and slaves was, “an overlapping of freedom and bondage that menaced the institution of slavery and promoted a familiarity and association between black and white that challenged caste taboos.” (15) The lifestyle between slaves and white owners were familiar, because of the permissiveness of their relationship. His quote displayed how interlocked blacks...
...ty and their survival as a group in society because of restraint from the federal government in the ability to litigate their plight in Court. The Author transitions the past and present signatures of Jim Crow and the New Jim Crow with the suggestion that the New Jim Crow, by mass incarceration and racism as a whole, is marginalizes and relegates Blacks to residential, educational and constitutionally endowed service to Country.
This article introduced the events of Anthony’s career as a reformer as well as her public speaking. Mathilda J. Gage noted that "The prolonged slavery of woman is the darkest page in human history." The first light for the women’s right was appeared in the Revolutionary days when Abigail Adams entreated her husband to make a place for women in the Constitution of the United States. Disappointed by the unfair status towards women, some women, led by the Elizabeth Cady Stanton, planed the suffrage movement. On the first meeting of the Woman’s State Temperance Convention organized by these women, Susan Anthony, encouraged by Stanton, present the opening address as well as to preside. McDavitt noted that “Susan Anthony had dared to say what others had only dared to think”. Besides, Anthony devoted much of her life to publicize woman’s right and was viewed as an extremely persuasive public speaker. Her
Born on February 15, 1820 amidst a patriarchal society, Anthony devoted her entire life to fight for women’s suffrage movement in the late 19th century. An American civil rights leader who believed in the equal power between men and women, she not only fought against gender discrimination, but also propelled the world to acknowledge women’s rights (Wikipedia, “Susan B. Anthony”). Anthony demonstrated many characteristics of self-actualization throughout her life. Raised with a religious upbringing in a Quaker family, she and her family lived the controversial eras of slavery, worker’s unions, and temperance movements. Unlike many other slaves or lower class citizens of her time, her biological and safety/security needs had been fulfilled, allowing her to devote herself to broad social problems as her mission in life. After attending the Seneca Falls Convention (women’s rights convention) and joining the National Women’s Rights Convention in 1851, Anthony never stopped challenging institutions and dogmatic thinking (National Park Service. “Women’s Right...
Tom Robinson and Bob Ewell’s case brought out the historical realities of Jim Crow and the Great Depression. Oh how it was a depressing sight, Jim Crow laws pushing the blame and hatred onto our dark skinned brothers and sisters. Even though the town was floating with Jim Crow ideals and hatred for Tom, Atticus willingly bore some of that hatred by taking the case. Tom should have won this case hands down if it were based on integrity and character, but instead he had to be judged on the account of eleven white racist jurors. The historical realities of the Great Depression and Jim Crow ideals were illustrated promptly in how the top lived and how they handled state and city
For centuries women could only get low paying jobs, the men had more power over women, and women were not privileged to vote during this time frame. Women suffered everywhere from gender discrimination in what jobs they could get hired for, limited rights they had, and what power they could retain after marriage. Although those were the normalcies for previous centuries, many women became angered with their mistreatment. One of those angered women being, Susan Brownell Anthony. Susan B. Anthony took various measures to gain some rights, gave speeches, and even ended up in jail in her effort to advance the women’s suffrage movement.
Susan Brownell Anthony was born to Daniel Anthony and Lucy Read, a Baptist, in Massachusetts (“Susan B. Anthony”). She was always known for her lively sense of humor and her long, hard fight for women (“Susan B. Anthony”). From the start, she was a very unique, one of a kind woman (“Susan B. Anthony”). She was already on the right track by being sent to the best boarding school around at the time (“Susan Brownell Anthony”).When Susan was 15 years old, she was already a teacher (Ghiglieri 1-25). With a strong education that only boys had in her time, and a confident mind, she was already determined to stand up for women across America.
In To Kill a Mockingbird, the ideas of racial segregation and dominance over Blacks are some of the first examples of the theme of historical influence that is presented throughout the novel. These ideologies that occurred in Maycomb, Alabama, were primarily based on the insights of Jim Crow. To expand on, the infamous Jim Crow Laws were a set of laws and a system regarding the interactions and rights between the Black minority and the White majority. The following statutes, which operated between 1877 and the 1960s, watered down the rights of African Americans and were in effect in several southern and borders states such as Texas, Alabama, and South Carolina ( Pilgrim). But even so, the appearance of Jim Crow was not uncommon in other municipalities
First of all, blacks are seen to suffer from discrimination even after the federal government abolishes slavery within its borders (National archives). For example, the speaker of the poem “Song for a Dark Girl” is quoted saying. “They hung my black young lover” (5) (Bloom 3) while Dee is described as lighter than Maggie as a compliment (Walker &Christian 1). Both remarks reveal the norm that existed during the first half
Standardized tests can provide teachers and administrators with useful data outlining how successful a method of teaching may be and whether or not students are reaching a measureable mastery of state standards. Evaluating students can often be a tricky endeavor for educators; it is difficult to gauge the success of one student compared to another when so many factors exist that may alter a student’s performance. It is for this reason that standardization of testing began. By offering standardized tests, which regulate the administration and scoring of questions, schools have been provided with a way to easily measure how a student is progressing in certain aspects of his or
Over the years, no other objective method has been found to identify the performance of students and teachers than the results of these assessments (Churchill 12). Also, it seems that the only way to test what children have been taught and the knowledge they have received from their teachers are these tests. This fact is important in its own sense because these examinations not only test the children, but the teachers as well. The teachers are the ones that relay the knowledge to the kids and ultimately are the cause for their success. Standardized tests also force the teachers to perform well to insure that these students keep the knowledge they are taught and in turn do well on the tests. To conclude the matter, there is no other way known that objectively and effectively tests this knowledge that the children are receiving from these teachers, which makes these test
“64 percent of Americans (and 67 percent of public school parents) say there is “too much emphasis on testing (Walker).” Standardized testing assess how well schools are teaching the content that a state believe is necessary knowledge. Schools place so much emphasis on scoring well on state tests because the state governments began “specifying goals, measuring outputs to ascertain whether the government was spending money wisely, and holding educators and students accountable for their performance.” This idea has continued to be used, even though it has been refined (Firestone). The emphasis can cause issues in students, teachers, and school districts.
Educational standards are the foundation of the modern educational endeavor. Statements about educational success imply standards. Measuring whether or not students are being properly educated involves testing them in a particular subject with its prescribed set of grade-appropriate standards that they must meet or exceed. In the United States, most students are put through a battery of tests on a yearly basis to ascertain how students, teacher and schools are performing in comparison to the state standards. From these multiple-choice standardized tests both teachers and schools determine whether their work is successful, as deemed by their state 's department of education. The question is, what do such tests actually tell us about the student
10. Benchmarking training and development practices: a multi-country comparative analysis (Ellen A. Drost, 2002, Vol. 41, No. 1, Pp. 67–86)