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The importance of independence for auditors
The importance of independence for auditors
Why is independence important in auditing
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An effective relationship businesses and stakeholders is driven by the confidence of each other. Using assurance providers service will, if reasonable, strength this relationship. However, their role is sometimes not clear for the stakeholders. The term assurance, its benefits to businesses, how independence is maintain and the effect of the ISA 700 revision on the expectation gap will be the four focus points of this report
In an assurance engagement, the practitioner expresses a conclusion designed to enhance the intended users’ degree of confidence about the outcome of an evaluation of measurement of a subject matter against specified criteria (ICAEW, 2013). In addition, the key elements of an assurance engagement are: a three party relationship (the practitioner, the intended users, the responsible party), a subject matter (data, systems or processes, behaviour), suitable criteria, sufficient appropriate evidence to support the assurance opinion and an assurance report (ICAEW, 2013).
Moreover, the definition given above is issued by the IFAC whose objective is to protect the public interest; therefore, to incite higher quality it has introduced two types of assurance engagement (ICAEW, 2013):
- Reasonable assurance: A high level of assurance, in which the auditor will express a conclusion designed to enhance the degree of confidence of the intended users of the financial statements, that engagement risk has been reduced to an acceptably low level, as the basis for a conclusion to be expressed positively.
- Limited assurance: the objective of a limited assurance engagement is a reduction in assurance engagement risk to a level that is acceptable in the circumstances of the engagement, which then allows a negative form of expres...
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...rinciples-based meanwhile avoiding possible threats but all theses factors at the end are affecting the final judgment. In my opinion, reworking on the ideology of independence could be a solution, which would narrow the expectation gap, and improve the auditing profession.
Bibliography
A. Gold, U. Gronewold, C. Pott. "http://www.ifac.org/sites/default/files/downloads/Study_4_ASB_ResearchReport.pdf." 2009.
Cotterill, Joseph. Groupon in accounting mess shocker. 30 March 2012. 17 November 2013 .
Financial Reporting Council. International Standard on Auditing (UK and Ireland) 700. 01 June 2013. 17 November 2013 .
ICAEW. ASSURANCE (STUDY MANUAL). 2014.
The hired firm then presents its findings in a Service Organization Controls (SOC) report, which allows the auditor to determine whether or not the intermediary’s controls can be relied upon. A SOC 3 Seal of Assurance was given to certify that the edu.confirmation.com website has been examined by an independent accountant. This report is based on management’s assertions that the entity’s business is in conformity with the applicable Trust Services Principles and Criteria. The principles that must be met in order to earn the Seal are security, availability, processing completeness, confidentiality and privacy. Certain criteria must be met also in order to display the Seal, which are the following: objectivity, measurability, completeness, and
Rittenberg, Larry, Bradley Schwieger, and Karla Johnstone. Auditing. 6th ed. Mason: Thomas South-Western, 2005. 10-40.
...ial approaches which are Normal Accident and HROs, although it seems certain that both of them tends to limit the progression that can contribute toward achieving to highly protective systems. This is because the scope of the problems is too narrow and the potential of the solutions is too limited as well. Hence, Laporte and Consolini et.al., (1991) as cited in Marais, et.al., (2004) conclude that the most interesting feature of the high reliability organization is to prioritize both performance and security by the managerial oversight. In addition, the goal agreement must be an official announcement. In essence, it is recommended that there is a continuing need in the high risk organizations for more awareness of developing security system and high reliability environment in order to gain highly successful method to lower risk in an advance technology system.
Olusegun Wallace, R. 1996. The Development of Accounting Research in the UK. In: Cooke, T. and Nobes, C. eds. 1997. The Development of Accounting in an International Context. London: Routledge, pp. 218-254.
in making sure the correct methods are followed out with regards to health, safety, hygiene matters;
Within the current crisis of confidence in the public accounting profession after the Enron debacle and series of high profile failures of financial services firms, the issues about ‘audit expectation gap’ have never been more important. Though it would take an enormous amount of effort to address these issues, I will argue that tremendous amounts could be done in order to close the gap down. In this essay I will discuss some of these issues and in particular the strategies to reduce the gap.
In this approach, the focus will be on the internal control objectives so that the control design can be well assessed. First, the auditor will define the control measures and objectives and then find out which measures already installed meet the objectives (Tyrer, 1994).
Potentially tolerable risks may be acceptable, depending on the “cost of implementing the control compared to the risk reduction benefit received” (IRM, 2010).
The auditor can assess control risk at a certain level. For example, the auditor can choose the maximum of 100% to estimate control risk. This is because it is determined that there are not related controls or the auditor does not expect the controls will be effective operated. The auditor can also set control risk at the maximum level in the belief that it is more efficient or less costly to conduct extensive substantive procedures of the account balance than to conduct detailed tests of the controls.
Exercise of “reasonable skill, care and caution” varies according to situations (Lopes, J. in Kingston Cotton Mill Co 1896). Nevertheless, to achieve such in performing an audit, its an auditors responsibility to comply with the requirements cited in ISA (NZ) 200, as follows (1) Ethical requirements
This paper will first look at the need for such measures and present the current standards employed at companies. Then we will present case studies on incidents that were high-profile examples of failure in this area. The paper will then come up a more effective implementation
The evolution of auditing is a complicated history that has always been changing through historical events. Auditing always changed to meet the needs of the business environment of that day. Auditing has been around since the beginning of human civilization, focusing mainly, at first, on finding efraud. As the United States grew, the business world grew, and auditing began to play more important roles. In the late 1800’s and early 1900’s, people began to invest money into large corporations. The Stock Market crash of 1929 and various scandals made auditors realize that their roles in society were very important. Scandals and stock market crashes made auditors aware of deficiencies in auditing, and the auditing community was always quick to fix those deficiencies. The auditors’ job became more difficult as the accounting principles changed, and became easier with the use of internal controls. These controls introduced the need for testing; not an in-depth detailed audit. Auditing jobs would have to change to meet the changing business world. The invention of computers impacted the auditors’ world by making their job at times easier and at times making their job more difficult. Finally, the auditors’ job of certifying and testing companies’ financial statements is the backbone of the business world.
Abstract-Contract is a self-agreed, enforceable by law and deliberate agreement between two or more competent authority and parties. Contracts are made in written but may be implied or spoken, and generally have to do with another organization, employment, sale or lease, or tenancy. We assume service engagement is a part of business events. Business events such as payments, purchase, sells, delivery etc. not only impotent processes but are also inherently temporally constrained. Analysis phase is carried out to find out business event and their temporal relationships which helps business partners to analyze what to supply and what to require from others as its participates in the service engagement specified by a contract. Contracts are
...e steps that are required to be addressed while coming to deal with vendors. The Proposed idea, looks satisfactory in meeting the outcomes. One thing that should be ensured is that they should incorporate the clauses pertaining to risk in the plan.
Threats to Auditor Independence: The Impact of Relationship and Economic Bonds. By: Ping Ye; Carson, Elizabeth; Simnett, Roger. Auditing, Feb2011, Vol. 30 Issue 1, p121-148, 28p, 1 Diagram, 6 Charts; DOI: 10.2308/aud.2011.30.1.121