The Role of Control and Propaganda in Mussolini’s Reign and Their Importance
To discover if either control or propaganda were more or equally
important, there are many different areas to look at. Both control and
propaganda were used in these areas, but with different effects and
policies, while one may have been more necessary than the other. Each
area is different and the different mediums that exist within them,
such as radio or newspapers, were dealt with individually. Mussolini
also had to strike a balance between the two, so his reputation
amongst the people was kept intact.
Politically, Mussolini made sure he established full control over
Parliament and eventually, the country. He was not in favour of
continuing the coalition governments which had dominated Italy for
many years. He saw them to be weak and wanted to be the ruler of a one
party state. From 1922 to 1929, he gradually destroyed all possible
alternates to the Fascist regime.
From, 1922 to 1923, Mussolini steadily built up his own power in the
government. He placed loyal Fascists in key government positions,
created the Voluntary Fascist Militia for National Security, and
promoted the Grand Council of Fascism, the highest authority of the
Fascist Party, into an organ of state.
In July 1923, Mussolini was able to secure a new electoral law from
the parliament. The new law provided that any party, having 25% of the
votes in a general election, should receive two-thirds of the seats in
the Chamber of Deputies. Mussolini immediately arranged for elections
to the Chamber of Deputies in April 1924. In an atmosphere of
intimidation and violence, with the Fascist ...
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... were equally important. Control made
sure that Mussolini came to power and stayed there in the early years
of his rule, while propaganda meant Fascist policy and the status of
the country were always shown to be positive. Both served different
purposes in different aspects of Mussolini’s reign and both were used
equally to consolidate his power in certain areas such as the economy,
propaganda proved to be of more importance in order to keep the public
on the side of the Fascists and in order to portray the picture they
wanted the people to see. Elsewhere, control in the area of politics
meant he became the dictator of Italy and also kept the powerful
church out of running the country. In effect, both served the same
purpose, in keeping Mussolini popular with the people, but both were
undertaken in separate ways.
the throne to Prussia, and in less than a year ordered his troops to take
throne, and only wanted to find a faster way to obtain that authority, thus he
Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany as Totalitarian Atates A totalitarian state refers to a country in which the central government exercises total control over all aspects of people's life. Main features include an infallible leader, one-party rule, strict party discipline, elitism, planned economy, an official doctrine, absolute obedience of individuals to the State, nationalism and usually an expansionist foreign policy. Up to these criteria, both Fascist Italy (1922-43) and Nazi Germany (1933-45) could be deemed totalitarian states to a large extent.
Fascism is one of the great political ideology in the 20th century. It is a kind of authoritarian government that, according to Wikipedia, “considers the individual subordinate to the interests of the state, party or society as a whole.” Two of the most successful and to be in the vanguard of fascism government is Italian fascism – led by Benito Mussolini, and Nazi Germany – led by Adolf Hitler. Fascism in Italy and Germany, though in many regards very similar - have the same political ideologies, still have many aspects to them that make them different from each other.
“Demoralize the enemy from within by surprise, terror, sabotage, assassination. This is the war of the future.”(Adolf Hitler). Adolf Hitler was the leader of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. He initiated World War II and oversaw fascist policies that resulted in millions of deaths, Benito Mussolini created the Fascist Party in Italy in 1919, eventually making himself dictator prior to World War II. He was killed in 1945. Joseph Stalin ruled the Soviet Union for more than two decades, instituting a reign of terror while modernizing Russia and helping to defeat Nazism. (http://www.biography.com) Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, and Joseph Stalin
By looking at In the Garden of Beasts we can see that Hitler and the Nazi Regime successfully used propaganda and deception to gain power in Germany. This is important because propaganda is widely used to manipulate others into supporting one’s ideas while deceiving them from the truth.
During Hitler’s reign in Germany, propaganda was his main method of control. He and the National Socialist German Workers’ Party, or Nazis, believed that to remain in control, it is necessary to prevent any and all internal unrest through strictly regulated popular opinion. The mission was to keep public opinion in favor of the Nazi party’s ideology. One of the primary aspects of their ideology was extreme anti-Semitism and racial inequality. Within years they were able to introduce this belief to nearly all of the German people through heavy influence by propaganda. Hitler was able to stabilize and dictate his Germany for years through propaganda aimed to control the lives of the youth, the opinions of the general public, and beliefs about the war effort and well-being of the country.
tried with King Laius to kill their son, and had no respect for the prophecies
Exploring the Similarities and Differences Between the Foreign Policies of Mussolini and Hitler Similarities - Both foreign policies geared to achieving great power status o Hitler: lebensraum, wanted to have living space for the expansion of the German race and control over other groups o Mussolini: wanted control over Mara nostrum, Abyssinia, …an empire - fascist states o had anti communist feelings; o both signed anti comintern pact 1937 against USSR o Spanish civil war against communism helping Franco secure power o Signed pact of steel in may 1939, a full military alliance - unhappy with status quo, wanted international prestige o national grievances on Versailles, people wanted to change Versailles o Hitler, product of WW1 who was angry at Versailles and wanted to see Germany achieve great power status o Mussolini; felt that Italy had been treated unfairly at Versailles and also waned to change the status quo o Because of this both built up armies, navies and air forces.. Italian air force to block out the sun + German luftwaffe… - both Hitler and Mussolini, used diplomacy and force as well as aggression to get what they wanted o Mussolini over Greece where it undermined the LofN, used force to take Abyssinia 1935 o Hitler used the threat of force to take Austria and diplomacy as well as force to take Czech and Saarland in 193… - by 1939 both had a common enemy; Britain and France - both were aggressive nationalists and glorified warw - both wanted empires; abysinnia and lebenstraum to distract from problems at home.. Differences - Hitler was more clear in his aims and ideals whereas Mussolini was more vague and opportunistic o Although Hitler did take advantage of opportunities such as Abyssinia crises to remilitarise Rhineland he was more structured in his aims for Lebensraum, unification of all Germans, building up the army and recovering lost territories § Illustrated by Hitler’s success after success ; Rhineland in 36,
...lf and of knowing who they were and to feel like a whole but then he ruined his very own kingdom also by not sticking to his own teachings and acclaiming himself a higher power then the deity’s that they worshipped.
noble birth and he had a lot of responsibility in his kingdom. He is looked up to by most for leadership and guidance.
quickly as possible, and he accomplished his goal by ridding the land of all the
the power of the Roman Catholic Church in Italy or to work with it. He
to dominate over and control his kingdom/state, it was obviously not meant for lesser mortals. It
After World War I, there were two men that rose up to control their government in their countries. One was Adolf Hitler who was put in charge of the German government, and the other was Benito Mussolini who was put in charge of the Italian government. Adolf Hitler was born in 1889, and according to the lecture was known as a failure for not finishing high school, or becoming an accomplished artist. While Mussolini was born in 1883, and was unknown until he came home a wounded soldier from the war. Mussolini would rise up and form the Fascist government focusing on being loyal to the state, and Hitler will rise up and control the Socialist German Workers Party, the Nazis. Both men are known for the change in history, and their change on the