The Role of Comic Characters in the Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet

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The Role of Comic Characters in the Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet

Shakespeare uses Mercutio and the Nurse to explore the relationship

between comedy and tragedy in Romeo and Juliet. These characters, in

their comic roles, serve as foils for Romeo and Juliet by highlighting

the couple's youth and innocence as well as the pure and vulnerable

quality of their love.

Mercutio, Romeo's quick-tempered, witty friend, links the comic and

violent action of the play. He is initially presented as a playful

rogue who possesses both a brilliant comic capacity and an

opportunistic, galvanized approach to love. Later, Mercutio's death

functions as a turning point for the action of the play. In death, he

becomes a tragic figure, shifting the play's direction from comedy to

tragedy.

Mercutio's first appearance in Act I, Scene 4, shows Romeo and his

friend to be of quite opposite characters. Mercutio mocks Romeo as a

helpless victim of an overzealous, undersatisfied love. Romeo

describes his love for Rosaline using the clichéd image of the rose

with thorns to stress the pain of his unrequited love.

Mercutio ridicules Romeo as a fashionable, Petrarchan lover for his

use of conventional poetic imagery. He puns lewdly, "If love be rough

with you, be rough with love; / Prick love for pricking and you beat

love down." Whereas the naïve Romeo is in love with the idea of being

in love and devoted to the distant Rosaline, Mercutio is a predatory

lover, hunting for objectified, female prey. His bawdy wit thus sets

up Romeo to take the role of the innocent tragic hero.

When Mercutio delivers his Queen Mab speech (also in Act I, Scene 4),

he again c...

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further isolates the couple and fuels the tragic consequences of their

elevated love. Thus, while the Nurse drives some of the most comedic

scenes in the play, within her comic commentaries are woven the

subtler threads of tragedy created by enslavement to social

conventions.

Shakespeare uses the comic roles of Mercutio and the Nurse to develop

the roles of Romeo and Juliet as young tragic lovers. Prior to Tybalt

and Mercutio's deaths, the Nurse had served primarily as comic relief.

After Mercutio dies, the Nurse's comic role changes to a less

sympathetic one-helping to shift the focus to the tragic plight of

Romeo and Juliet. Both comic characters' rejection of the ideal of

love shared by Romeo and Juliet emphasizes the vulnerable quality of

that love and its inability to survive in the world of the play.

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