The Political Spectrum

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The Political Spectrum Conservatism - This type believes in conserving the present political, social and economic order as much as possible - It takes the traditions of that time and only changes them gradually and not very Frequently - Monarchies, aristocracies and the churches made up the main areas of conservatism - They believed that they were surrounded by well-organized enemies (other political parties) they felt defensive about Liberalism, nationalism and popular sovereignty - In the 1990's conservatism strife to reduce the size of government, reduce public spending, reform the taxation laws to encourage investments, deregulate business to promote economic growth, and manage the fiscal and monetary sides of the economy - Conservatism is essentially the defense of economic individualism against the growth of a welfare state. - During the twentieth century conservatism lost their faith in a central government and focussed on the rights of property, independent of the state, and the rights of individuals to be free of government interference - It takes the traditions of that time and only changes them gradually and not very Frequently - Believes that a society is complex because of the many elements involved in it, which Can make it seem very unpredictable - Incorporate change without unwanted side effects - A conservative ruler does not like a lot of philosophy and dislikes petitions, Proclamations or declarations of rights, which the liberals do - Two contributor's to conservatism were Benjamin Disraeli (Britain) and Joseph de Maistre (France) - Father of conservatism (although he never u... ... middle of paper ... ...world of free of limits on the responsible individual, the greatest economic well-being for all and increasing control over natural and social environment - Liberalism is a form of political structure where the powers of the government are limited against the people and their property - the main function of the state is to protect the rights of the citizens - These rights are natural rights, petitions, bills of rights, declarations of the rights of man etc. - some liberal programs, seek to place constraints on governmental power - this may be achieved through a parliamentary system of government or a constitutional monarchy of through the separation of governmental powers into agencies such as executive, legislative and judiciary, the classical example being the U.S, government - -Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, is usually viewed as liberals

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