Advent of the Europeans
Vasco da Gama landed at Calicut, sailing via the Cape of Good Hope in 1498. This marked the beginning of
the European era in Indian history. The lucrative trade in spices of Malabar - in modern Kerala - had tempted
the Portuguese and inspired the search for a sea route to the Indies. The Portuguese had already established
their colony in Goa by the first decade of the 16th Century but their territorial and commercial hold in India
remained rather limited.
In the next century, India was visited by a large number of European travellers - Italians, Englishmen,
Frenchmen and Dutchmen. They were drawn to India for different reasons. Some were traders, others
adventurers, and quite a few fired by the missionary zeal to find converts to Christianity. Among them was
Francois Bernier, the French doctor who enjoyed the confidence of princes and nobles and was in a uniquely
privileged position to observe the functioning of the Mughal court. His account is a valuable source of
information for historians.
These travelogues aroused European interest in India, and prompted in course of time, the colonial
intervention. England, France, the Netherlands and Denmark, floated East India Companies. Chartered as
trading companies by their respective governments, their primary commercial interest was in Indian textiles,
both silk and cotton, indigo and at times, other sundry merchandise.
During the late 16th and the 17th Centuries, these companies competed with each other fiercely. By the last
quarter of the 18th Century the English had vanquished all others and established themselves as the
dominant power in India. The military campaigns of Robert Clive and the administrative enterprise of Warren
Hastings (1772 - 1785) contributed significantly to this achievement.
British Colonialism
The British administered India for a period of about two centuries and brought about revolutionary changes in
the social, political and the economic life of the country. Most Indians who came in their contact could not
perceive the strategic threat posed by the East India Company. The British from the beginning followed a
policy of divide and rule. Diplomacy and deceit were used to gain control of revenue collection in the province
of Bengal. This gave the foreigners effective control of administration. The Marathas, the Sikhs and ...
... middle of paper ...
...table and self-reliant. A powerful
entrepreneurial class has emerged - almost as important an objective as securing all-round industrial
development.
India's strategy for development has had many critics. It was pointed out that the emphasis on heavy industry
made capital inefficient and lowered the annual rate of growth of GNP to about 3.6 per cent between 1950 and
1975.
But the philosophy of self-reliance is finally paying off. By the 80's, the first phase of industrialisation was
largely over. India now has a well-developed industrial base that can produce almost anything that the country
needs. The scientific and technical infrastructure is capable of responding to complex challenges. With the
success of the green revolution that began in 1975, India has also become self-sufficient in food grains.
A self confident nation, India is prepared to interact with the rest of the world without anxiety or inhibition. Just
when other countries began to increase protection, the Indian government began to lower protective barriers,
invite global tenders for its major investment projects, and encourage industry to secure the most up-to-date
technology from abroad.
Is it true Americans are rightfully notorious for creating inaccurate paradigms of what really happened in historical events Americans are tied to? Has America ever censored historical events in order to protect Americans innocent democratic reputation? After reading, “The Best War Ever” by Michael C.C Adams, I have found the answers to these questions to be yes. Some of the myths that Adams addresses in his book include: 1. America was innocent in world war two and was an ever acting protagonist in the war; 2. World war two or any war for that matter can be, or is a “good war” and bring prosperity to America; 3. War world two brought unity to Americans.
Hope is believing that you can overcome difficult situations and bare through the pain. In The Residue Years written by Mitchell S. Jackson, Grace and her son Champ’s story is told through dual perspective which helps the audience understand the emotional obstacles and times of complete hopelessness that both characters faced. The characters are both overcoming their own dilemmas and trying to reunite the family. No matter how hard the two protagonist tried to grasp their hopes, there always seemed to be new issues that held them back.
... British had colonized India for approximately 200 years, there were lasting effects on the country in terms of many sectors, specifically the economical and industrial sectors. Due to India’s non-participation and manipulation of agriculture by the British, some would argue that the British obliterated the economy. Others would argue that the British instead helped due to the creation of the railroad, improved communication and created the beginnings of an industry. The British harmed the economy and industrial sector more than they helped it, and effectively caused the destruction of the economy both in the short term and the long term. The growth rate directly after the independence was less than 1% for almost 5 years (BIC 4). It was necessary for India to rebuild the economy if they ever wanted to be on the same playing field as the other countries at the time.
One of the best things that British imperialism did for India was helping them to connect with the rest of the world through technology, science , and most important medicine since by that time Indian residents would be called “uncivilized” in different aspects such as the need for them to learn a better way of hygiene habits , how to prop...
On the nature side of the debate, every baby cried when they were trying to communicate to their caregiver. Crying is universal because it is the only way that babies can alert their caregiver that something is wrong. Furthermore, each baby cooed, babbled, and cried without prompting. Ponijao babbles when her mother pats her on the back because she likes the sound it makes. Bayar’s brother keeps putting a strip of fabric in his face, making him cry out of annoyance. Mari babbles and has a “conversation” with another baby on one of her visits to the park. Hattie also starts saying syllables on her own. However, nurture plays a huge role in language development as well. Each baby was read to, spoken to, sung to, or a mixture of the former. Without prompting from his mother, Bayar would not be able to copy the sounds that she makes to try to get him to speak. Hattie can say “no” and “uh oh”, which are English phrases. Her parents would have taught her how to say those words. In fact, her mother reads to her, and she imitates the sounds her mother makes while reading. This proves that without both heredity and environment, language would never develop in an infant. They need to have an inborn ability to quickly and easily learn vocabulary and grammar during the critical periods, but they also need to hear and interact with language in their
The British considered Indian civilization to be inferior and implemented their western ways, overriding ancient Indian customs. Nevertheless, it cannot be denied that British imperialism in India resulted in both positive as well as negative reforms in political, economic and social aspects of its new colony. To begin with, one can observe that the British colonizers did indeed improve Indian civilization by developing means of communication and transport. They built a great number of bridges, over 40,000 miles of railway and paving an astounding 70,000 miles of road (Doc. 4. The adage of the adage.
Have you ever heard of the company FedEx? Imagine if they had horses and ships instead of cars and planes. They also had their own army and covered a huge part of the world. That is the British East India Company. The company was super powerful in several ways. Their connection to Brittan gave them a monopoly over trade and their armies made them able to control their own lands. The British East India Tea Company helped start the Revolutionary war.
Imperialism in India British imperialism in India had many positive and negative effects on both the mother country, Britain and the colony, India. Many people would argue which effects were more prominent in these countries, and some would agree that they were equal. But in both cases, there were actually both. In India, the British colonization had more positive effects than negative. For instance, when the British colonized India they built 40,000 miles of railroad and 70,000 miles of paved roadway.
Jean Baptiste Tavernier was a renowned french traveller and gem merchant of the 17th century. He is often credited to be the pioneer of French trade in India. He made six voyages to the east between 1630-1668 five of which where to India. He wrote accounts during his travels in the form of chronicles which he later compiled into books and published in 1676 under the title of ‘Les Six Voyage’ which was divided in three book. The first, haves us details of his travel from Ispahan in Persia to Agra in India and further his travels in India. The second, covers historical and
The decision to grant independence to India was not the logical culmination of errors in policy, neither was it as a consequence of a mass revolution forcing the British out of India, but rather, the decision was undertaken voluntarily. Patrick French argues that: “The British left India because they lost control over crucial areas of the administration, and lacked the will and the financial or military ability to recover that control”.
Have you ever thought to observe a situation, such as instituting school uniforms, from all viewpoints? Typically, when discussing a topic such as school uniforms, many are quick to deem them as unjust and avoidable. What these individuals do not know is that, in fact, school uniforms would enhance how the learning environment functions. School uniforms are a necessary component needed in schools, for they show school unity, develop better student behavior, and improve how students perform academically.
The issue of wearing school uniforms has been subject to debate over a number of years. It is important to note that initially, the concept of students wearing school uniforms was not widely embraced. Initially, the concept of wearing school uniforms was mainly practiced in private schools and public schools begun to apply the concept as recently as 1994 (Chen, “Public School Uniforms: The Pros and Cons for Your Child”). This move was mainly implemented to address safety issues that have been affecting academic institutions. However, there are still different schools of thought that have reservations when it comes to the issue of wearing school uniforms. This boils down to the question of whether school uniforms are beneficial or they have
All individuals struggle with discovering who they are and who they may want to be in the future. School environment, either negatively or positively, impacts the result of this greatly. Uniforms in the learning environment have become a highly debated subject all across the country. Although some individuals believe school uniforms have a positive affect, those people should understand the negatives because uniforms promote appearance over character, lower student’s self-esteem, and conflict with the right of expression.
The British invasion formed into a historical development of British colonialism in India. Despite India under the British rule, Mahatma Gandhi played an important role in gaining Independence. He not only changed India but also strongly fought for India's independence, using various strategies. The British Empire ruled as long as they could to reform India both politically and socially.
Many schools around the world have used a school uniforms policy. In the same time, Many people wonder whether students should wear school uniforms or not. Opponents of school uniforms believe that public schools prevent students to choose their clothing (Mitchell & Knechtle, 2003). Thus, students do not have a freedom to choose what to wear (Mitchell & Knechtle, 2003). However, proponents of uniforms, who I agree with, believe that school uniforms will decrease gang activity and fighting, and does not contradict with freedom. Moreover, uniforms policy has many effectiveness such as spending less money on school clothing, and improving in focusing on academics.