Persuasive Strategies
Persuading is the act of influencing others decisions and actions by any mean of communication. Understanding persuasive communication can help to anticipates audience’s response to decisions, proposals, and ideas. The center of all persuasive communication is audience. Understanding the audience can help to design the persuasive communication strategy. The discussion in this paper will examine how persuasive communication differ between cultures by examining American and Arab culture.
Persuasive Communication
All communications are persuasive in nature, but good persuasive communication require a set of skills to achieve results (Cooper & Schindler, 2014). Aristotle, the great Greek philosopher recognized three principles
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American culture tend to ignore nonverbal communication and prefer explicit messages (Krizan et al., 2010). Communicating a clear and precise messages is the responsibility of the persuader, Americans prefer and value a will structured and detailed message (Krizan et al., 2010).
American score low on Hofstede’s power distance dimension with 40 out of 100 which reflect American tendency to question authority and preference to participate in decision making (Hofstede Centre, n.d.). American’s tend to make decisions benefiting individuality, sense of accomplishment, and assertiveness rather than benefiting the group success and cooperation (Hofstede Centre, n.d.). Americans also tend to accept risks, and have a fair degree of acceptance for innovative and unorthodox ideas (Hofstede Centre, n.d.).
Arab Culture
Arabs as a high-context culture tend to value strong relationship and prefer indirect messages (Krizan et al., 2010). Arabs culture can assign more meaning to the message depending on the context and nonverbal communication (Krizan et al., 2010). Communication with Arabs and high-context cultures in general tend to be hard because understanding the message depend on the audience interpretation (Krizan et al.,
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Arab’s are a collectivist society where loyalty to the group are valued, computation and success are also valued in Arab’s cultures (Hofstede Centre, n.d.). Arabs tend to avoid risks and value certainty for decision making (Hofstede Centre, n.d.).
Communicating Persuasively in Arab and American Cultures
Building relationship is the first important step to persuade in Arab culture (Nunez et al., 2014). The persuader must also examine the details in the context because Arabs tend to convey the message implicitly (Nunez et al., 2014). Direct negotiation sounds offensive in Arab culture, the persuader must build up the negotiation with facts and strong reasoning in order to gain acceptance whiten the group (Nunez et al., 2014). The persuader must provide a compel argument with consideration to Arabs culture tendency to avoid risks (Nunez et al., 2014).
In American culture, relationship are neglected and the culture are comfortable to interact with new people (Nunez et al., 2014). The persuader are encouraged to provide explicit messages when communicating with American culture (Nunez et al., 2014). Goals and opportunity can be used by the persuader as tool to meet Americans individuality (Krizan et al.,
...an is capable of persuading his audience into accepting his simplistic views of the world. He makes it easier to rationalize with his stance by his strategic use of sentence structure and word choice. When analyzing a past speech or interpreting a speech as it is given, upmost priority should be given to analytical tools for analyzing persuasive symbols and language. Whether the topic at hand is motivated by great emotions as it is here or not, the audience can easily be swayed in one direction surprisingly based only on universal comprehension.
The events that took place on September 11, 2001 resulted in many lives lost and the “War on Terror” continues to claim lives daily. Both President Obama and President Obama presented informative and persuasive claims in their efforts to justify their actions and the ongoing need for U.S. troops in the Middle East. By examining and identifying the methods of persuasion that many leaders use, people are better equipped to make informative decisions on the election of future leaders.
Kerbel, Matthew R. (1993). An Empirical Test of the Role of Persuasion in the Exercise of
Andres Martin takes full advantage of the three modes of persuasion outlined by Aristotle and in the following few paragraphs, I will outline each
This discussion brings about an interesting view on similarity in relation to persuasion as expressed by O’Keefe (200), “The belief that greater similarity means greater effectiveness is an attractive one and is commonly reflected in recommendations that persuaders emphasize commonalities between themselves and the audience.” O’Keefe concludes
Persuasion is a process by which the persuader, through communication, gains the approval or support for the topic (Let's Compare Motivate and Persuade, 2013). The arguments to motivate this change in thinking comes through careful use of rhetoric, but one must also be able to define the six principles of persuasion in social psychology: “Reciprocity, Scarcity, Authority, Commitment and Consistency, Consensus, and Liking” (McLean, 2010, p. 521) and be able to recognize them as they are taking place. Then, one must carefully apply these concepts in order to find the means to effectively facilitate persuasion (p. 518).
According to Merriam Webster, the term “ethical” can be defined as “rules of behavior based on ideas about what is morally good and bad.” Being able to differentiate between what is good, and what is bad is key when it comes to many things. One of these things includes persuasion. There are many concepts that can explain why certain principles of persuasion can be more ethical than others, and many that are critical to being an ethical communicator. Said concepts are explained in Rothwell’s text, In the Company of Others, Robert Cialdini and Steve Martins video, Science of Persuasion, and Stephen Carter’s text, Integrity.
Persuasion is a commonly used communication technique that allows us to socially influence a certain topic positively or negatively. Its purpose is to help affirm or nullify an idea, belief or attitude. Sometimes the exact topic is very detectable in communication such as during debates but other times it displayed a little more subtly. Persuasion is more than just verbally speaking. Non-verbal communication such as body language, tone and pitch of the voice can also add to the affirmation of the topic. The setting and location also help encourage the acceptance of what is being persuaded.
The Arab world consists of twenty-two countries encompassing all of North Africa and much of the Middle East. The Arab people number over 360 million and while they share a common language, there is a surprising degree of diversity among them, whether in terms of nationality, culture, religion, economics, or politics. (McCaffrey, 3) Most inhabitants of the Ar...
In closing, Persuasion is a powerful tool, both in trying to persuade others and being
Persuasion is an important aspect of communication, certainly a significant business activity. Regardless of whether this comes in the form of a sender influencing a party or the receiver itself is being influenced. Typically, this could come in the form of a salesman or, even a manager communicating with key stakeholders, such as potential investors.
Both countries have nearly identical scores in the dimension of masculinity. This exhibits the driving cultural forces of competition and achievement, with success held in high regard over other values. With Uncertainty Avoidance, the country is once again polarized. With the USA's relatively low score, the culture exhibits acceptance for new ideas with an emphasis on innovation and toleration. On the opposite end of the spectrum, Saudi Arabia maintains rigidity in belief systems and acceptable behaviors and ideas, valuing security over uncertainty.
Persuasion is the force exerted to influence behavior that includes a reflected change in attitude. Everyday we are bombarded with messagesfrom people who wish to influence our behavior and attitudes. Persuasion canbe used to accomplish good as well as bad, though, in my paper I willrefrain from making value judgements and only report the factual aspects. I will discuss the two basic routes to persuasion, the elements involved, andways to protect current attitudes and behaviors from change. When trying to persuade someone, there are two different methods from which to choose-the central and peripheral routes. The central route persuades by usingdirect arguments and pertinent information. The peripheral route persuadespeople by association with incidental cues
Someone persuades you over 400 times a day, 2,800 times a week, and 145,600 times a year. You may give in to some attempts and hold back on others. There is, however, an incredible power behind the things that you do give in to. Through history and books like Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Animal Farm by George Orwell we can learn from successful endeavors of persuasion and discover the principles that define the powers that persuasion holds. First, let’s start at the very beginning.
Hall, J. (2012). Nonverbal cues and communications.Encyclopedia of Social Psychology Education. Thousand Oaks. CA: SAGE, 2007 626-628. Retrieved November 2, 2013 from SAGE online.