Did you know that, out of every ten people, one is an early bird, one is a night owl and the rest follow a normal circadian cycle? Early birds and night owls are energetic at different times of the day. An early bird is a person who wakes up and starts their day very early in the morning. In contrast, a night owl is someone who is more productive during the night and enjoys staying up late. We experience a body temperature of high and low every 24 hours and since we are most active and alert when our body temperature is at its highest, it’s easy to see why early birds are more active and alert early in the day, while night owls do not become entirely active and alert until later in the day. Even though our wake and sleep tendencies are innate, there are a lot of factors that can define if we are an early bird or night owl.
Each person has his or her own circadian rhythm, or internal clock. The average human clock is 24 hours, but everyone has a slight variation, meaning some can be longer or shorter than others. If a person’s internal clock is on the longer side then they will most...
The body’s internal clock, commonly known as circadian rhythm, does not sync with the DST’s clock. This disconnect between the body’s clock and the DST’s clock can engender feelings of “restlessness, sleep disruption, and shorter sleep duration” (O’Connor).
According to Rudolf Reder, one of only two Jews to survive the camp at Belzec, Poland, he describes the circumstance during his time at the prison camp, “The brute Schmidt was our guard; he beat and kicked us if he thought we were not working fast enough. He ordered his victim to lie down and gave them 25 lashes with a whip, ordering them to count out loud. If the victim made a mistake, he was given 50 lashes….Thirty or 40 of us were shot every day….” This quotation shows the SS guards treat the Jews inhumanly. As these Jews acclimate to the situation, their primitive survival instincts become stronger over time. They put their lives as their first priority and will do anything to survive. However, in the memoir Night by Elie Wiesel, Eliezer Shlomo the protagonist adversely demonstrates more commitment to family than to himself in the concentration camps. Before World War II, Adolf Hitler and his Nazi Party gain popularity by promising to make Germany a rich and powerful nation again after their defeat in World War I. The Nazis publicly blame the Jews for Germany’s loss of World War I and the Great Depression, resulting in promoting the anti-Semitism. Although he admits to the power of the instinct for self-preservation, because of his commitment to his father throughout the prison camp experience, and because of his reactions to others sons who do abandon or turn on their fathers, Wiesel apparently favors commitment to family over commitment to self-preservation. Eliezer never attempts to show commitment to family until the deportation to Birkenau.
The notion of circadian rhythms was first documented in the eighteenth century when it was determined based on observation that the closing and opening of heliotrope plant leaves occurred independently of sunlight, which was recorded by the French astronomer de Mairan. It is clearly evident now that almost all surfaces of physiology exhibit rhythmic oscillations from the simplest of bacteria to us human beings (10). As a biological clock, circadian rhythms develop to accomplish a steady entrainment to environmental cycles such as light. Additionally, circadian rhythms also serve two main functions, which is to measure the duration of time and to track the time of the day. These two functions are intertwined with one another being that both
The body and brain are changing machines, where states of consciousness shift with zealous nature to allow our human anatomy to flourish. Schedules of the circadian rhythm function differently for everyone yet, is an important part of functioning for the human anatomy/mind. For the average person, however, the cycles we go through usually speak for a sleep rotation. But sometimes, even with these measured rituals, we find ourselves at a loss when we realize how fragile our circadian rhythm can be, caused by "insomnia," " jet-lag, " or even "weekend-lag."
The idea of phase advance and delay were first proposed by Aschoff and Pittendrigh (1960), but subsequent genetic studies have shown exact genes involved in phase delay and advance occurs due to over or under production of proteins as described in dorsophilia studies. Many knock out studies have shown that disruption of genes involve in circadian rhythm have created arrythmicity in animals. Low-Zeddies and Takahashi (2001), created clock mutants which were arrhythmic when exposed to dark condition. The period of clock mutants were greater when compared to wildtype mice. The mutant also showed higher phase-shifts hours and lower circadian amplitude.
Tomas Izquierdo is what one might call someone without circadian rhythms. Circadian rhythms are the daily sleep patterns of humans. Circadian rhythms tell people when they are most alert, when they feel tired, and when they should wake up. These circadian rhythms, while difficult to research, are important to many industries, as well as a multitude of sleep disorder patients. For several years, scientists and doctors have been seeking a greater understanding of these patterns through constant, difficult, and fast paced research. The applications of such knowledge would be quite beneficial in shift based industries as well as some special circumstances. As of yet, doctors have been able to determine a few important correlations between internal time cues and sleep, activities or events that give cues to the brain about what time it is or should be. However, the research is very difficult.
Every person, animal, living creature has body functions that are controlled by internal cycles. Many of their functions are controlled differently than others. Most that function on circadian rhythms tend to be less active during the night and more active during the day. For example, many “species are remarkably diverse and flexible in their daily activity patterns, including a spectrum of diurnal, day-active, to nocturnal, night-active” (Phillips 2013). Birds fly, eat, etc. during the day and sleep at night. Then again there is the owl which is the opposite. They sleep during the day and perform actively during the night.
Our bodies rely on two different things to let our bodies know when we need to be asleep. One is called the circadian rhythm, which is the physical, mental and behavioral changes that follow a twenty four hour cycle, that revolves around the light and dark of the day. Basically, our bodies are like our own little clocks which are controlled by a part of the brain called the suprachiasmatic
My behavior change project was attempting to have a more regular sleep schedule. This project was challenging to me because I typically have a hard time falling asleep and waking up, and I usually procrastinate leading to many late nights. I think the biggest challenge that this change presents is slipping up and staying up late or sleeping or napping can mess up your whole cycle of sleeping and take an even longer amount of time to correct. In the beginning keeping track of my sleep felt good because I knew that I was getting enough sleep and it gave me an excuse to stop studying and go to bed. Ultimately though, making a conscious effort to track my sleep and get more sleep was more stressful than jut letting sleep happen naturally.
We live our entire life in two states, sleep and awake1. These two states are characterized by two distinct behaviors. For instance, the brain demonstrates a well-defined activity during non-REM sleep (nREM) that is different when we are awake. In the study of sleep by Huber et. al., the authors stated that sleep is in fact a global state2. It is unclear whether this statement means that sleep is a state of global behavioural inactivity or the state of the global nervous system. The notion that sleep is a global state of the nervous system served as basis for sleep researchers to search for a sleep switch. The discovery of the sleep switch, in return, provided evidence and enhanced the notion that sleep is a global state of the nervous system. The switch hypothesis developed from the fact that sleep can be initiated without fatigue and it is reversible1. It was hypothesized that there is something in the brain that has the ability to control the whole brain and initiate sleep. Studies have found a good candidate that demonstrated this ability3. They found a group of neurons in the Ventrolateral Preoptic (VLPO) nucleus. It was a good candidate because it was active during sleep, has neuronal output that can influence the wakefulness pathway, and lesion in the area followed reduce sleep3. The idea that there is something that can control the whole brain and result sleep state supports the idea that sleep is a global state of the nervous system.
While points, claims, and statistics may be found within all of the sources used for the research, the sheer amount of referenced studies and works within the “Sleep-Wake” paper lends weight to it’s usefulness as a reliable source. One of the otherfactor of sleep and its affect within the college community. Three sources varying in criteria and usefulness were found that related to this subject and were studied. sources, “College Students try to Cheat Sleep Needs”, a college newspaper, offers basic facts and elementary assumptions such that could be found within any biology textbook or encyclopedia. These references are to such things as sleep cycles and sub stages and the general consequences of an out of balance sleep cycle. The study from the Biological Rhythm Research writers, however, hints at previous studies and findings that “several factors, such as social and academic demands, part-time jobs, [...] affect the sleep-wake cycle of college students.” but then only states the findings of a particular study, and does so in...
The alarm goes off at six am and the typical high school student is barely able to open their eyes. It is time to get up and prepare for a full day at school, about eight hours. Most teenagers, according to the National Sleep Foundation, will only get about six hours of sleep since they tend to stay up until midnight (“Should schools start later in the day?”). After getting ready, many students look forward to a nap in their first hour class despite the information they will miss. Teenagers seem to always have had trouble getting up in the morning, even earning the title of lazy from their parents. However, recent research on adolescent sleep patterns has produced a biological explanation for this tendency. This raises a serious question: why are high schools starting early in the morning when teenagers are biologically programmed to sleep in? For most cases, school start time has not been conformed to fit student physiological needs simply because of transportation issues.
Important public policy issues have arisen in our modern 24-hour society, where it is crucial to weigh the value of sleep versus wakefulness. Scientific knowledge about sleep is currently insufficient to resolve the political and academic debates raging about how much and when people should sleep. These issues affect almost everybody, from the shift worker to the international traveler, from the physician to the policy maker, from the anthropologist to the student preparing for an exam.
In a majority of circadian rhythms there seems to be major components which include an endogenous component (which is regulated by an internal clock located in the hypothalamus) and an exogenous component. This exogenous component is made up of different clues in time in the world around us....
According to the psychology today article, Amie Gordon stated that these people feel more “irritable, angry, hostile and more depressed” (Up all night). This is because sleep loss doesn’t allow the body to get all of the necessary rest it needs. Each day a person gets less sleep, is further they fall behind on sleep. In another article, Gretchen Rubin explained how she feels like her mornings are a lot less hectic by getting up earlier. She stated that “I love the light, and the quiet, and the sense of focus and freedom from interruption that she has during that hour” (Be happier-wake up earlier). By reading these two articles, I learned the importance of getting a good amount of sleep. It means going to bed earlier at night, so that I will be able to wake up