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Causes and impact of the Russian revolution
Role of the Bolsheviks in the Russian Revolution
The Bolshevik Revolution, the Soviet Union
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Recommended: Causes and impact of the Russian revolution
The Failure of the Provisional Government and the Rise of the Bolsheviks
i. Subject of investigation.
How did the failure of the Provisional Government allow for the rise
of the Bolsheviks?
ii. Methods to be used.
1. Research for bibliography about the influence of the Tsar during
the Bolshevik Revolutions. Instruments used: History Reference books.
Three main books were particularly helpful: Three "Whys" of the
Russian Revolution, The Russian Revolution, and Rethinking the Russian
Revolution. Writing of an annotated bibliography of the topic.
2. Selection and reading of the sources to determine which ones are
the most relevant and comprehensive
3. Finding opposing arguments to give and analytical view with
multiple perspectives
4. Analysis of the main arguments presented in the references.
B. (650)Summary of evidence
1. The function of the Provisional Government
In 1917, the Provisional Government was set up in Russia. It was a
"dual Power", which was a coexistence of the Provisional Government
and the Soviets1. The Provisional Government was more liberal,
containing members who saw the socialists as allies2, and their main
aim was to restore order. The Soviet party sought to improve domestic
working condition of the working class3. The two parties agreed that
the Provisional Government must abdicate Tsar Nicholas from the throne4.
The aim of the Provisional Government was to carry out revolutionary
programs, amnesty for political prisoners, freedom of speech and equal
rights for all citizens5.
2. The disagreements between the two parties.
Eight months after the creation of the Provisional Gove...
... middle of paper ...
...volution. P. 132
15. Fitzpatrick, The Russian Revolution, P. 48
16. Acton, Rethinking the Russian Revolution. P. 130
17. Acton, Rethinking the Russian Revolution. P. 133
18. Moorehead, The Russian Revolution, P. 163
19. Acton, Rethinking the Russian Revolution. P. 134
20. Moorehead, The Russian Revolution, P. 163
Works Cited
Acton, Edward, 1990. Rethinking the Russian Revolution. New York,
Replika Press Pvt. Ltd.
Deutscher, Isaac, Ed 1967. The Unfinished Revolution Russia1917-1967.
U.S.A. Oxford University Press.
Fitzpatrick, Sheila, Ed 1982.The Russian Revolution. New York, Oxford
University Press.
Moorehead, Alan, Ed 1958. The Russian Revolution. New York, Carroll &
Graf Publishers Inc.
Pipes, Richard, Ed 1995. Three "Whys" of the Russian Revolution.
Toronto, Vintage Books,
Tucker, Robert C. "Stalinism as Revolution from Above". Stalinism. Edited by Robert C. Tucker. New York: American Council of Learned Societies, 1999.
Trotsky, L., 2014. The Overthrow of Tzarism and the Triumph of the Soviets. In: L. Trotsky, The Russian Revolution, 1st ed. Garden City, New York: Doubleday.
This gave the people a lot more rights and a national parliament, the Duma. All seemed well, but there was one. problem. Then there is the problem. The Mensheviks, who were the less radical majority of the Social Democratic Labour Party, argued that the revolution had gone.
Revisionist historians have also benefited from the post-glasnost era and hence have both greater access to more sources as well as the advantage of hindsight. To understand the reasons for the collapse of the Provisional Government it is crucial to be aware of the events leading up to the October Revolution and the atmosphere politically and socio-economically at the time. The year 1917 was a turbulent year of strikes, bad harvests and inflation. ' Week by week food became scarcer'[1] and any that was available usually went to the soldiers. Russian agriculture was primitive and machinery was rarely used hence production was not efficient.
The Transformation of Bolshevik Position Between February and October 1917 Most historians think that the Bolshevik’s position went from playing almost no role in February 1917; they had only 150 members in the Pultilov Works which had 20,000 workers, to taking control of the country in October by a combination of luck and skill. It was said of the Bolshevik party in early 1917 that “The Communist Party existed solely in the leaders.” Many historians think Lenin’s leadership was the joint main reason for making the party into the leading revolutionary group in Russia, along with the luck the Bolsheviks had in the circumstances under the Provisional Government. A few historians claim Germany played a major role in the Bolshevik’s road to power. The Germans helped many previously exiled revolutionaries to get back to Russia when the Tsar abdicated and the Provisional Government came to power from March onwards, in the hope that they would end the war.
The Success of the Bolsheviks in Gaining Power in Russia by 1922 In February 1917, the Bolshevik party was small and irrelevant. The leadership was abroad and there was little consistency of purpose among the party in Russia. However, by the summer of 1922, the Bolsheviks had become the dominant force, and a new communist state had emerged from their success. The purpose of this essay is to explain this transformation.
‘The provisional government was brought down with barely a shot fired.... ... middle of paper ... ... It was hugely significant as Trotsky’s failure to pursue the leadership of the communist party with any great intent saw Stalin rise to power and ‘old bolshevism’ fall and was the dawn of a new era for the communist party in Russia.
On March 3, 1918 Russia lost 1/3 of its fertile farm lands, 1/3 of its
The PG was set up by the Duma and it would run Russia until the open
The resignation of Nicholas II March 1917, in union with the organization of a temporary government in Russia built on western values of constitutional moderation, and the capture of control by the Bolsheviks in October is the political crucial opinions of the Russian Revolution of 1917. The actions of that historic year must also be viewed more broadly, however: as aburst of social strains associated with quick development; as a disaster of political modernization, in relations of the tensions sited on old-fashioned traditions by the burdens of Westernization; and as a social disruption in the widest sense, concerning a massive, unprompted expropriation of upper class land by fuming peasants, the devastation of outmoded social patterns and morals, and the scuffle for a new, democratic society.
Lenin’s pragmatic leadership was the most considerable factor in helping to fortify Bolshevik power. His willingness to take power in October/November 1917 and the successes of the move, through his right-hand man, Trotsky, was critical as it helped give him unquestioned authority within the party despite members of the Central Committee i.e. Zinoviev and Kamenev who suggested industrialisation needed to occur first. This highlighted Lenin’s communist ideology in practice which was essential to the Bolsheviks maintaining power. Following the failure of the Provisional Government, Lenin recognised that it was the Bolshevik’s priority to legitimise their government. As a result, issues of ‘Peace, Bread and Land’ were addressed through the issuing of a number of decrees in late 1917 including decrees on land, peace, Workers’ Rights as well as reforms to marriage and religion. ...
Wood, A. (1986). The Russian Revolution. Seminar Studies in History. (2) Longman, p 1-98. ISBSN 0582355591, 9780582355590
1) Adams, Arthur E. The Russian Revolution and Bolshevik Victory: Why and How? Boston: D.C. Heath and Company, 1960.
In the years leading up to the revolution, Russia had been involved in a series of wars. The Crimean war, The Russo-Turkish war, The Russo-Japanese war and the First World War. Russia had been defeated in all except the war with Turkey and its government and economy had the scars to prove it. A severe lack of food and poor living conditions amongst the peasant population led firstly to strikes and quickly escalated to violent riots. Tsar Nicholas II ruled Russia with an iron hand while much of Europe was moving away from the monarchical system of rule. All lands were owned by the Tsar’s family and Nobel land lords while the factories and industrial complexes were owned by the capitalists’. There were no unions or labour laws and the justice system had made almost all other laws in favour of the ruling elite. Rents and taxes were often unaffordable, while the gulf between workers and the ruling elite grew ever wider.