The Dog Domestic dog, carnivorous mammal, generally considered the first domesticated animal. The domesticated dog has coexisted with human beings as a working partner and household pet in all eras and cultures since the days of the cave dwellers. It is generally believed that the direct ancestor of the domestic dog is the wolf, originally found throughout Europe, Asia, and North America. Remains of a dog, estimated to be 10,500 years old, have been found in Idaho. TAXONOMY Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Carnivora Family: Canidae Genus: Canis Species: Canis familiaris ECOLOGY & HABITAT Little is known about wild dogs of the past but that they are carnivores: hunters and scavengers. This means that they are secondary consumers in web chains. Eventhough they are carnivores they sometimes accept eating green plants. The ecology of dogs right know is that it helps the human in many fields of life. Since the cave dweller times, dogs have been domesticated by humans and it has helped him to hunt, in herding, protection, etc. It has been very important as a work animal and as a psychological support for humans. The habitat of the dog is where it’s owner lives. Different dogs have different adaptations to their ancestral habitat but nowadays, this is not applicable. ANATOMY SKELETON The skeleton of the dog is the articulated structure, moved by the muscles, that holds the dog’s body and protects some organs and the nervous system. It also functions as mineral and blood deposit of the body. The skeleton of a dog is made up of approximately 321 bones: 134 form the axial skeleton (skull, vertebrae, ribs, etc.), and 186 form the appendicular skeleton (appendages). An extra bone has to be added for male dogs which is the penile bone. The dog is a digigraded animal (it walks with it’s toes). It lies on it’s third phalanges which are protected by palm cushions. The dog’s toes are arranged in an angle which gives more facility of rest after running or other activities. The teeth of the dog is composed of 42 teeth which include canines, molars, incisors, etc. JOINTS Joints permit the movement of the bones. There are three types of joints in a dog: fixed joints, movable joints, and semi-movable joints. Fixed joints, such as the ones in the skull don’t permit any movement but keep the bones together. The semi-movable joints are those t... ... middle of paper ... ...e responds with the same howl. Two dogs that may encounter an bark are just imposing themselves. This makes them have more confidence. The nature of dog sounds can be described as follows: a hoarse and cut bark expresses a menace (a dare to another animal or an advice to an intruder so that it moves out of the territory), a happy bark ( coming to its owner or before going for a walk), a special bark to indicate a prey, etc. Then there are the obvious sounds: cry, lament, howl, screams, and grunts. THE EYES The look of a dog can tell a lot. A fixed look means fear or malevolence. The look of a dog to sheep or cows can control them and place them in order. ATTITUDES AND MIMIC Gestures of a dog to show happiness are the constant movement of the tail. A tail between the legs means fear. A dog in an aggressive posture shapes and moves its body to make it look bigger: it elongates, it’s hair gets straight up, etc. To exhibit submission a dog often lies itself on the floor and with its tail between its legs it shows its genitals. When a dog tries to play with another it lies in a sphinx position, or it "dances" around the other dog, or it gently bites the other’s tail, etc.
I’ve always felt that animals are the purest spirits in the world. They don’t fake or hide their feelings, and they are the most loyal creatures on Earth and somehow we humans think we’re smarter. I chose this topic about the canine because, some of these canines risk their life’s to protect dog’s best friend.
Bones of the skeletal system serve as storage compartments for vital minerals like phosphorus and calcium. Excessive calcium in the blood is stored in bones. Calcium is released from the bones into the blood when there are deficient amounts of it in the blood.
The skeletal system makes up the framework of our body. Without our skeleton, we would just be piles of organs and muscles with no shape. This system is one of the most important in our bodies because it is the outline that every other system follows. Our skeletal system is like the house that the rest of our systems live in.
These consist of procedures such as (TPO) Triple Pelvic Osteotomy this is used for pups that are under two years of age and they don’t have any arthritic joints, this surgery repositions the acetabular socket, so it has a stronger fit for the head of the femur. Another surgical procedure given is (FHO) Femoral Head Ostectomy this procedure is used for petite dogs under 50lb, the head of the femur is completely detached, the area is packed with tissue to produce an artificial joint. A hip replacement is also another optional surgery the acetabulum and head of femur are both detached and replaced. Lastly the Dorsal Acetabular Rim Arthroplasty this operation consists of making a deeper socket for the femur to be supported by building up the acetabular rim with the bones from various parts of the
Dogs are common throughout the world, either as a domestic pet, a protector on a farm, or an assistant for hunting amongst others. Regardless of the reason for having a dog, most people have either owned one for themselves or have known somebody who has owned one at some point in their life. Despite the relative normality of having a dog in your life in one way or another, the reasons for dogs coming into existence are not common knowledge among most people. Throughout a great portion of mankind’s history, dogs have been an essential part of life. The truth is, dogs were actually created in part by man.
The food we consume everyday has a vitamin and the mineral that our body can store and can store directly into our bones. In a bone, there is a space within the shaft and that’s where the most of the vitamins are stored in. “Bone is a reservoir for minerals, most importantly calcium and phosphate” (Marieb 176). The minerals that are stored will released into the bloodstream to distribute to the parts of all body. Blood cell formation occurs in the marrow cavities in certain bones (176). There are two types of bone marrow: red marrow, which consists mainly of hematopoietic tissue and yellow marrow which consists of fat cells. Red marrow, Hematopoietic tissue is found in the trabecular cavities of the spongy bone. Red marrows are typically found in the long bones and in the flat bones of spongy bones. At birth, all bone marrows are red and as we age over the years, more and more of its red marrow converted to yellow type. The blood cell production in typical adult bone happens in the head of the femur and humerus because the “fat containing medullary cavity extends into epiphysis and not much red marrow is present in the spongy bone cavities” (179). When osteoclasts break down the bone, tis mineral components like calcium and phosphorus will be sent back into the blood
...d. Dogs are programmed like any other mammal. As humans, whenever we feel threatened we tense up. We will fight for what we love and if someone or something is hurting us we will physically fight to protect ourselves. The same scenario goes for canines. If a canine feels threatened, they will protect themselves the only way they can by biting, attacking or snapping at whatever is threatening them.
The fact that the dog is on its hind legs is also a vital component to
One of the strongest support systems of the human body is the skeletal system. The skeletal system is comprised of hundreds of bones that help protect our delicate internal organs. For example, our twelve pairs of ribs are designed to protect the heart, in which circulates blood throughout the body and allows us to survive. Both bones and muscles work simultaneously to also allow us to preform physical activities such as walking, running, and climbing. In order to continue preforming these day-to-day activities, it is important to keep our bones strong and healthy throughout our lifetimes.
Horses use touch to convey to other animals that they like them or dislike them. Meaning that if a horse is pleased and likes something they may nudge their head on it, rub the side of their face on the object and be very gentle. If they are displeased they may swing their head at it, buck it, bite or stomp. These behavior displays of touch show th...
Having a dog can be a great experience for people who enjoy their company. These animals are usually friendly and active; they are intelligent and can develop a strong relationship with their owners based on love and care. However, having dogs is a big responsibility for the person who owns them, because they are animals, so they cannot support themselves. Dogs need someone who can feed them, give them love, and someone who can help them exercise. Moreover, these animals need big spaces in order to run and develop their muscles, so the owner has to know that he needs to take a walk with the dog several times a day.
Flat bones – these include Scapula, sternum, cranium, os coxae, pelvis and ribs . Their main function is to provide protection to the body’s vital organs as well as being a base for muscular attachment.
One of the human anatomy system supplies humans’ structure and development. This system is the skeletal system. The skeletal system in the body provides with the shape, support, and movement of the body, and protects its organs. The bones in the humans body protect it with and supports its organs from any external force acted upon it. The major organs such as the heart and the brain are supported and protected by bones. The ribs in the body form a cage to support and protect the heart. While similarly, the skull supports and protects the brain from any external force. The skeletal system provides movement because of the way the bones are attached to the joints, muscles, tendons, or ligaments allowing the body to move...
Also is serves as anchors to the skeletal muscles. The bones in the act like a hard shell to protect the internal organs such as the brain, the skull is a hard barrier for most objects to go through. Another function is movement the system acts as attachment point for the skeletal muscles of the body. Joints provide movement for the bones and every skeletal muscle works by pulling two or more bones either closer or further apart from the body. The skeletal system also helps to maintain hematopoiesis in the bones. Which is where red bone marrow produces red and white blood cells in a process known as hematopoiesis. The red marrow is found in the hollow space inside of the bones cavity. Red bone marrow is mostly found in children because when you hit puberty the red bone marrow turns in yellow bone marrow. Last the bones provide storage for many different types of essential substances to facilitate growth and repair of the body. Calcium banks are located in bone which releases calcium into the blood stream when needed to reach other parts of the body. Bone cells also release osteocalcin which is a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar and fat deposition. The yellow bone marrow inside the long hollow leg bones store energy in the form of lipids. The skeleton system does amazing most people wouldn’t even think of and protects are human body
The human body has 206 bones, which the bones in the human body system is used for; a framework and support the body, allows for internal organ protection, more efficient body movement, produce red blood cells in the bone marrow, and stores minerals. There are two different types of skeletons in the body which are axial; with the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and the sternum and the appendicular; with the arms, legs, shoulder, hip, wrist, ankles, finger, and toes. There are also joints in the skeletal system where two or more bones meet which include; bones, ligaments, muscles, tendons, and nerves. Bones act as levers and magnify the force provided by muscles contraction. Tendons are thick bands of connective tissues to attach muscles to bones.