The Diving Bell and the Butterfly

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Julian Schnabel’s film adaptation of Jean-Dominique Bauby’s 1997 memoir, The Diving Bell and the Butterfly was released by Miramax in 2007 and immediately won: the best director prize at Cannes (Schnabel); a best adapted screenplay BAFTA (Ronald Harwood); an Independent Spirit Award for best cinematography (Janusz Kaminski) and best director; and was nominated for Oscars in writing, editing (Juliette Welfling), cinematography and directing.

Bauby’s memoir, adapted for the screen by Ronald Harwood describes his life before and after his debilitating stroke. Bauby was severely impaired and was diagnosed with “locked-in syndrome” leaving him unable to move at all with the exception of his left eyelid.

The film opens in a hospital room, as Bauby awakes to see nurses and doctors surrounding him. The scene is shot from Bauby’s Point of view; his eye slowly opens to reveal his surroundings, blurry at first, his eyelid opening and closing several times before those in the room come into focus. Immediately the filmmakers create a sense of being trapped, being helpless and unable to move. As viewers, we empathize with Bauby. Our gaze is his point of view. We are trapped visually, much like Bauby trapped within his own body.

The feelings of helplessness are exacerbated by feelings of invasion and violation as doctors manipulate Bauby’s eyelid, shine lights into his eye and ask him questions to which he cannot answer as he cannot communicate verbally. Throughout this scene, the viewer can hear Bauby’s thoughts, he does not understand why Doctor Cocheton is not listening to him. After the initial examination, Doctor Cocheton explains to Bauby that he has been in a coma for 3 weeks, and was brought to the Naval hospital in Normand...

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...to commnicate, to recover. And just as frequently Bauby succumbs to sadness and despair, realizing he will never walk or speak again; the life he once knew and loved is gone forever.

These juxtsposed emotions are represented by Bauby’s description of feeling like he is in a diving bell, slowly sinking to the bottom of the ocean, while other times he feels his mind is as light as a butterfly, able to retrieve his memories and recollections of his former life. Scenes of both are dispersed throughout the film and add to tone and narrative. Bauby’s memoir was eventually published by Knopf; The Diving Bell and the Butterfly: A Memoir of Life in Death was released in 1997, two years after Bauby’s stroke and quickly became a best-seller in France.

Works Cited

Harwood, Ronald, writ. The Diving Bell and the Butterfly. Dir. Julian Schnabel. Miramax, 2007.

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