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The Salem Witch Trials are a very iconic and very dark past time for the Americas. Salem was a small puritan town in Massachusetts filled with devout Christians ready to serve god. Able to start new in the Americas and free from religious persecutions in England many of the puritan inhabitants were happy with their lives but were always fearful. Engulfed in a great fear for the devil, puritans saw many unexplained catastrophes on the devil and believed the woods to be where the devil roamed. But the devil was not the only troublesome factor in Salem life during the time; Native-Indian attack, break outs of small pox were present, and fear of religious persecution from England was still persistent due to anti-religious charters placed in nearby …show more content…
Maybe a person who lived during the 1940’s and 1950’s would better understand the Red-Scare and McCarthyism and see how The Crucible is symbolic of those things, but that could be hard to extract without an understanding of the McCarthy period. Just like the townsfolk’s hunt for witches in The Crucible, America was on the hunt for Communist and out of their fear and paranoia many were found to be guilty of communism who weren’t at all involved. Communism was a rising threat to the American life, or at least that’s what Americans thought. The case being was probably only a little true, but certain people took advantage of the heating paranoia, people like Senator McCarthy. McCarthy is represented by the character Abigail, because they both capitalize on their people’s emotions in order to obtain their specified goals. McCarthy’s campaign against the communist was solely for the purpose of attaining office, a selfish attempt instead of focusing on deeper problem in America. Abigail’s sole goal was to subdue John Proctor and receive his hand in marriage, but this wasn’t easy since Proctor was already married to Elizabeth. To achieve her goal Abigail began to claim Elizabeth as a witch just as McCarthy did so to any opposition claiming them to be
The Salem witch craft trials are the most learned about and notable of Europe's and North America's witch hunts. Its notoriety and fame comes from the horrendous amount of people that were not only involved, but killed in the witch hunt and that it took place in the late 1700's being one of the last of all witch hunts. The witch craft crises blew out of control for several reasons. Firstly, Salem town was facing hard economic times along with disease and famine making it plausible that the only explanation of the town's despoilment was because of witches and the devil. As well, with the stimulation of the idea of witch's from specific constituents of the town and adolescent boredom the idea of causing entertainment among the town was an ever intriguing way of passing time.
“I visited Salem for the first time on a dismal spring day in 1952….” (Miller 1095) that’s what started it all. Arthur Miller was motivated to write The Crucible due to the trauma done to the liberals during the McCarthyism trials. The question is, was he a little too motivated to write it? Could his thirst for vengeance for those accused fuel him to over-exaggerate what happened in order to prove a point? Arthur Miller overused his artistic license because Joseph McCarthy was accusing important people of being communists, he wasn’t exactly like Danforth, and some of the accused in the McCarthyism trials were actual communists.
In both storylines, there are characters that parallel each other and allow the viewers to see the overarching themes that permeate both movies. In Good Night and Good Luck, the main antagonist, Joseph McCarthy, is a foil for The Crucible’s Abigail Williams. They play the same role in the plot development of the movies and serve as antagonists who cause nothing but trouble. Although they differ in some aspects of their character, much of their motives and methods are quite similar.
Arthur Miller’s The Crucible utilizes a fictional account of the Salem Witch Trials to expose the mob mentality associated with the Red Scare of the 1950’s and the sometimes overzealous fight against communism in America. By references to the events that took place in the Witch Trials, the playwright successfully portrays society’s behavior at its tyrannical worst, exposing fraud, faulty logic, vindictiveness, zealotry, and evil (Brater). Arthur Miller creates a parallel between the societal events of mass in the 1600’s and those in the 1950’s. In both instances, leaders use the fear of the masses for their personal gain. Abigail, the lead character in the play, and Senator Joseph McCarthy are both able to generate a groundswell that takes on a life of its own and ruins the lives of others. Arthur Miller created this analogy in order to expose Senator McCarthy and his anti-Communist propaganda by creating an analogy to the ferocity of the Salem Witch Trials. The Salem Witch Trials and the Red Scare fed on the anxiety of the general public. The Salem Witch Trials magnified society’s ability to influence the judicial system. As the hysteria regarding the existence of witches swelled, innocent individuals were executed. McCarthyism also demonstrated society’s ability to influence the judicial system. As the hysteria regarding the threat of communism in America swelled, innocent individuals were jailed, blacklisted, deported, and fired from their jobs. The Crucible first staged in 1953, was meant to raise awareness of the effect that fear can have on human behavior and judgment. The play illustrates how Abigail’s intent to avoid punishment by accusing others of culturally deviant activity led to mass hysteria. Senator McCar...
Herbert Block, a cartoon illustrator during McCarthyism, depicts the absurdity of the communist accusations during the 1950s through his drawings of fictitious evidence and the power hungry government. Despite the lack of evidence, the influence of the government’s spurious claims causes unnecessary hysteria and chaos within America. Likewise, these events are prevalent within Arthur Miller’s play, The Crucible. The witch trials symbolize the court hearings during McCarthyism, and an identical absence of feasible evidence and a town overridden by fear lead to fallacious convictions. Block’s political cartoons embody the fraudulent evidence and hysteria over communism during McCarthy’s reign, which relates to the witch trials that Miller describes
In Cold War, Cool Medium: Television, McCarthyism and American Culture, Thomas Doherty profiles the 1950's Red Scare, also known as McCarthyism, and its vast effect on American culture during that time. Doherty arms his audience with the revealing history behind the rise and fall of Senator Joe McCarthy, as well as the roots of the anti-communist attitude during the Cold War era that led to the rise of McCarthyism. He discusses the effects of McCarthyism on the entertainment world of the 1950's; the blacklisting of actors, actresses, and producers; many important trials, such as the Army-McCarthy Hearings; and, finally, the end of McCarthyism. An interesting section of the book titled I Love Lucy: The Redhead and the Blacklist demonstrates that in a time
"Reasonable doubt" was all that was necessary to accuse and sometimes convict someone of un-American activities in the late 1940's, early 1950's. This period of time was known for McCarthyism--a time of extreme anticommunism, lead by Senator Joseph McCarthy (McCarthyism). The United States pledged to contain the spread of communism globally, as well as locally, and did what it could to keep this promise. Americans began to fear that communism was leaking into the media, government, arts, schools, and other areas. This was called the "Red Scare" (Brinkley). One writer that used this era as a basis for his play, The Crucible, was Arthur Miller. He was able to capture the panic and mere insanity of many Americans in an allegorical way. The "crusade against subversion" played a significant role in the following: the actions and tactics of McCarthy, the reasons why Miller and other artists were targets of McCarthyism, and the relationship of his play The Crucible to the events of the late 1940's to the early 1950's (Brinkley).
During the 1950’s the Red Scare was in full effect and with everyone questions who near them was a communist, the McCarthy trials occurred. These were a series of hearings held to decide on conflicting accusations between the U.S. Government and Senator Joseph McCarthy. He accused multiple members of the army of being secret communists, this how ever spread out as civilians began to accuse their own neighbors of being communists. These trials would eventually become known as the witch hunt for communists. Just as the Salem witch trials were not believed by everyone, neither were the accusations made by the senator. Two significant opponents of the hunt for secret communists that would become known as McCarthyism were Herbert Block, a cartoonist, and Arthur Miller, a significant figure in Hollywood. Though they took different routes they both conveyed similar messages about
Repeated efforts to clean a society in times of distress and fear has occurred many times in history. One being the Salem witch trials as depicted by Arthur Miller in The Crucible. Ultimately, Arthur Miller's purpose in writing The Crucible was to warn about the threat of McCarthyism to the U.S. stressing points such as paranoia arising from a small fact, trauma caused by a depression, and an unjust legal system.
To better understand the events of the Salem witch trials, it is necessary to understand the time period in which the accusations of witchcraft occurred. There were the ordinary stresses of 17th-century life in Massachusetts Bay Colony. A strong belief in the devil, factions among Salem Village fanatics, and rivalry with nearby Salem Town all played a part in the stress. There was also a recent small pox epidemic and the threat of an attack by warring tribes created a fertile ground for fear and suspicion. Soon prisons were filled with more than 150 men and women from towns surrounding Salem.
The horrors of history are passed on from generation to generation in hopes that they will never occur again. People look back on these times and are appalled at how horrendous the times were; yet, in the 1950s, history repeated itself. During this time, Joseph McCarthy, a United States senator from Wisconsin, began accusing people of being communists or communist sympathizers, which is parallel to the Salem witch trials in the late 1690s when innocent people were accused of practicing witchcraft. One of the people McCarthy accused was author and playwright Arthur Miller. To express his outrage at McCarthy’s actions, miller wrote The Crucible, intentionally drawing similarities between the McCarthy hearings and the Salem witch trials.
In the 1950s, Arthur Miller was accused of being a sympathizer to communism, and was one of the three hundred and twenty artists blacklisted by Congress (Arthur Miller: McCarthyism). Arthur Miller was angered by the accusations without evidence to back them up, and hit a boiling point after famed director Elia Kazan went in front of House Un-American Activities Committee and named some of his peers as communist sympathizers (Arthur Miller: McCarthyism). After a meeting with Kazan to discuss why he did what he did, a tumultuous relationship between the direction and playwright began, and Miller began research on the Salem witch trials (Fisher 255). Miller used the “Salem witch trials as the basis for an allegorical portrayal of the HUAC hearings” in his play, The Crucible (Teachout, “Concurring with Arthur Miller” 72). McCarthyism, much like the witchcraft fever of Salem, Massachusetts, unfairly judged people of their crimes, in this case, communism,, less based on evidence than personal prejudices.
The Salem, Massachusetts Witch Trials have generated extensive evaluation and interpretation. To explain the events in Salem, psychological, political, environmental, physical, and sociological analysis have all been examined. The authors Linnda Caporael, Elaine Breslaw, Anne Zeller, and Richard Latner all present differing perspectives to speculate about the events of the Salem Witch Trials. This changing interpretation and perspective has resulted in an extensive historiography to explain the
The Crucible is a dramatic play by Arthur Miller that has a direct tie to McCarthyism and how the witch trials and false accusation was related to the fear of someone being a communist. Generally, the story is about an affair between two primary characters that live in a Theology-ruled village. The secret of the affair was supposed to be assured until things got out when the truth was close to being in the limelight and a huge lie came out instead. This lie led to false accusations of believing that some people were part of witchcraft. Therefore, the situations became much more risky as people got hanged on whether or not they confessed they were a part of the witchery. Through the play, the character Mary Warren is depicted as a shy and powerless girl until she finally gains some control over the lives of people through her lies. This results in being labeled as an antagonist of the story, but she has traits similar to a protagonist which contradicts her character. In the end, Mary Warren is still a villain through her selfish and inconsiderate actions in the play.
Now, it is seen that McCarthy focused on Democrats in general with baseless and sweeping allegations of communist involvement, giving way for the Republicans to take over Congress and the Presidency. In comparison, Abigail Williams, a common girl in Salem Village in the 1600s, started a hysterical movement to expose the witches in Salem village. Unknowingly to the people in Salem at the time, Abigail's witch hunt was nothing more than to regain her affair with John Proctor, get rid of his wife, Elizabeth, and rid any talk of her dancing in the woods naked. One cannot help to see the uncanny similarity in the two historical events that occurred over four hundred years apart. McCarthyism and The Crucible contain other similarities as well, such as the complete breakdown of the justice system.