The Challenges of Managing Rural Environmental Change
Rural environments are modified by changes in economic activity. Most
rural land use is a result of farming, particularly in LEDC, where the
country is more primary based income.
Land use in rural areas is being exploited in many areas such as:
· Mining
· Quarrying
· Water supply
· Forestry
· Military activity
· Tourism
· Transport
· New settlements
Changes in farming have also affected rural environments, in a variety
of different places. They have altered what the landscape looks like.
Because of farming becoming uneconomic, many farmers have been forced
to leave their land. People such as recreation or forestry later use
the land. They also affect it and alter how it looks.
Examples of this happening are like in the Lake District or the
highlands of Scotland.
There are key areas where farming is creating problems for the rural
landscape. Such as, GM crops, hedgerow loss, eutrophication,
deforestation, salinisation and stubble burning.
These aspects are all affecting the way that the rural environment is
developing. And they are all of a bad aspect, it is important that
these points are focused on before the rural landscape is ruined.
Because of higher demand for food production in farms, the farmers
have turned to machinery instead of people; this resulted in a huge
drop in people employed in agriculture. Over the last 4 years the
amount of people evolved has fallen by 550, 000. This is in
replacement of manual labour. The machines were introduced into the
farming industry because they allow for much faster spread of
fertilizers and pesticides over large areas of land.
These machines have usually only been specialized to one crop. So
therefore, only one crop is made, increasing monocultures. The reason
farmers only make one type of crop is because of the vast amounts of
their money have been put into the machines which are specialized to
only one crop.
The problem with these new machines was that they needed large areas
Where do you currently work (and if you aren’t currently working, please think of your last place of employment)? How long have you been there?
Traditional agriculture requires massive forest and grassland removal to obtain land necessary to farm on. Deforestation and overgrazing has caused erosion flooding, and enabled the expansion of deserts. But with drainage systems, leveling, and irrigation provided by the Green Rev, all this terra deforming will unlikely happen again. We can retain clean air and lessen the global warming effect caused by deforestation.Many people argue that a revamp in agriculture will be way too expensive and unrealistic especially for those poor farmers in third world countries. However many times, they exaggerate the price.
Growing up in Midwest America, there is not much to look at. The trees, fields of grass, rolling hills, and small towns offer a dull environment for a teenager. There are hardly any monuments, sculptures, or architectural feats to gaze at in admiration. Ultimately, the Midwest appears very mundane. This monotonous landscape seems to push the idea of a typical lifestyle of conformity; one that customarily consists of attending school, finding a career, and settling down with a family. To fully procure an awareness and acceptance of different lifestyles, one must travel. Whether from town to town or on the other side of the planet, traveling allows a person to see the different cultures, beliefs, and beauties that make up our world; I believe in traveling.
Agriculture is a major occupation in the Middle East, despite the mostly dry climate. Fertile soil for farming is found in the river valleys, on mountain plateaus, and in some oases, where natural spring water seeps up throught the rocks, providing good farming conditions. However, some of this farmland is being destroyed. Overgrazing has led to soil erosion, and the few mt. forests have been cut down, but the countries in which this is happening are taking action to try and save what they have left. Although there is some land that f...
Fawcett, T. 2010. Green Belts: A greener future (summary) - Campaign to Protect Rural England. [online] Available at: http://www.cpre.org.uk/resources/housing-and-planning/green-belts/item/1955-green-belts-a-greener-future-summary [Accessed: 8 Dec 2013].
The concept of drastically disturbed lands was split of between two sections: types of disturbances and defining the process of rebuilding. 4 major types of disturbance were outlined, the first on being town, cities, and roadways. These disturbances have high social value so it is very unlikely, that there will be any remediation taking place unless they become abandoned. The second type of disturbance road cuts, fills, and shoulders of roads. Though these disturbances are small on their own, together they make up the largest areas of drastically disturbed lands. The third type of disturbance are mine spoils. Out of all the disturbance, this one receives the most public attention. They take up less space, but they represent the largest amount of damage in their locations. The fourth type is the high percentage of eroded farmland and rangeland. Because this a slow degradation, they often receive very little attention. As for defining degradation, Bow also split this into two possible options: restoration, and reclamation. The author defined restoration as being the exact replication of a site after the disturbance.
While gas guzzling transportation systems and mass amounts of waste have contributed greatly to climate change, there is another key factor that affects the environment even more so. Animal agriculture has detrimental affects on our environment as a result of greenhouse gas emissions and deforestation (Meat the Truth). The work of world wide agriculture has allowed animal products land on plates in developed countries and in the developing as well. This force of globalization has a negative impact on the environment due to the world’s growing demand for meat.
Normally, whenever we see an open field, that land is probably used for raising cattle. The world now harvests more crops to feed animals than to feed humans. Talking about the usage of water to raise animals, it takes an excessive amount of water just to grow crops to feed animals, cleaning farms and also the drinking water for animals. “Animal agriculture water consumption ranges from 34-76 trillion gallons annually” (Pimentel). Huge amount of water is required just to produce 1 pound beef. Then, you can imagine how much water we can save by going vegan. Whenever we talk about global warming, climate change, we always think transportation like car, airplanes and all other forms. But in reality, “Animal agriculture is responsible for 18 percent of greenhouse gas emissions, more than the combined exhaust from all transportation” (Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations). From here, we can see that animal agriculture is much more responsible for the degradation of the environment. The level of deforestation is reaching its peak as the number of animals is proportional to its feed. “Animal agriculture is the leading cause of species extinction, ocean dead zones, water pollution, and habitat destruction” (Wilcove). The chemical fertilizers used to grow feed crops mix into the fresh air and as a result, pollution increases. Due to excessive deforestation, species are also losing their habitat. The more we demand meat, the more environment
Change management is an approach to evolution, or dealings with a change both from point of view of individual and organization. Change management is an important tool of project management. change management is the process which is sequence of different steps that a change management team or team leader follows to apply change management to a plan or project. Change management comprises of three following steps, i-e preparatory phase ( preparation, assessment and strategy development) managing change (planning and change management implementation) reinforcing change (Data gathering, corrective action and recognition) etc. ( Prosci's research). Effective communication is a simple activity involving words, body language, topic under discussion,
Chambers, R., 1987. Sustainable Rural Livelihoods. A Strategy for People, Environment and Development. An Overview Paper for Only One Earth: Conference on Sustainable Development, 28–30 April 1987. London: IIED.
This literature review is part of an assessment for management unit MAN5010. It is also a personal commitment to pursue and familiarise myself with significant challenges faced by management today. The majority of business analysts acknowledged that business is becoming more uncertain as the future becomes more competitive (Furnham, 2000 cited in Senior & Swailes, 2010). In a globalised world, change is almost endless in organisation to be sustainable considering the vast competition brought about by both emerging and developed countries. To sustain competitiveness an organisation is required to manage its product and the markets demands, technological advancement and the fast change in many facet of the business (Santhidran, Chandran, & Borromeo, 2013).
Economic growth and social development are complementary and they have a close but complex relationship. With the economic growth, it is clear that there are many environmental concerns in today’s society. Air, water, and land pollution have worsened; the environment of wild animals and plants has been seriously damaged; many species are threatened with extinction, deforestation and over-exploitation of mineral resources.
...ing a more sustainable environment. A call upon local and national government to provide adequate policy relating to urban agriculture has been made. According to Rogerson, (in Liebenberg 2005:40-43) in many parts of Africa, urban agriculture is still frowned upon by authorities but in the face of Africa’s growing poverty problem it is being reconsidered (collective solution).
...o climate change. All of these have caused an impact on the ability to produce crops and grow agriculturally. Climate change has been increasing the number of droughts, floods, health hazards of employees, natural disasters, and sea level elevations. All of these put in danger the crop productivity resulting in famines and food price increments. Climate change affects agriculture in every country differently due to its location. Countries such as Canada and Russia are being affected positively by climate change since it has enabled the country to prosper agriculturally. Other countries cannot handle drastic temperature changes, such as Sudan and Bangladesh, whose agricultural growth has been affected negatively by the climatic changes. Agriculture is fundamental in a country, creating a balance between agriculture and the increasing climatic changes would be ideal.
Agriculture is the major farming activity. Agriculture's scale means not only that large area is directly affected, but that local and even regional climates can be affected. The draining of water from rivers and watersheds for irrigation leads to drier natural habitats. Those rivers that receive runoff from farmland are often poisoned by excessive nutrients and pesticides.