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Olympics and performance enhancing drugs pdf
Drugs use in sports
Olympics and performance enhancing drugs pdf
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John Carlos, bronze medalist, once said “I wasn’t there for the race. I was there to actually make a statement.” This quote exemplifies the emotion and pride of representing your country in the Olympics. This is the thought of many Olympic athletes as they represent their countries and their family back home. The 1960’s Olympics brought many new changes to the games, because of the effects of the high altitude, the new rules on timing and performance drugs, and the outcome of the events.The high altitude helped athletes enhance their events.High altitude training is a proven effective performance-enhancing tool, as the ability of an athlete to utilize greater amounts of oxygen will naturally support improved capabilities ( “High
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“In athletics events in the Olympics all the way back in the 1948 London Games, but it wasn't until the 1968 Olympics (Grenoble/Mexico City) that electronic timing became the primary method of determining finish order — both in and out of the water”(Sporting News). The touch pad timer was introduced to the sport of swimming in 1968 and improved the accuracy of the times. “The IOC instituted its first compulsory doping controls at the Winter Olympic Games in Grenoble, France in 1968 and again at the Summer Olympic Games in Mexico City in the same year”(Procon.org). “the International Olympic Committee (IOC) establishes the Medical Commission to fight against doping in sports. The Commission is given three guiding principles: protection of the health of athletes, respect for medical and sport ethics, and equality for all competing athletes”(Procon.org). The International Olympic Committee tested all athletes to make sure that the Olympic Games were fair and accurate. As a result, the Olympic games were very high-tech at the time and improve the fair play of the sport.The amount of participation and skill level of the 1968 Olympics wasn’t to be compared to the amount of athletes that participated in the 2016 Rio Olympics. “The Games were attended by 112 countries represented by almost 5,500 …show more content…
www.faqs.org/sports-science/Ha-Ja/High-Altitude-Effects-on-Sport-Performance.html. Accessed 28 Mar. 2017.
“Mexico 1968.” Olympic.org, Olympic.org, www.olympic.org/mexico-1968. Accessed 28 Mar. 2017.
Stemen, Karl R., "The 1968 Mexico City Summer Olympic Games: Altitudes Effects on the Performance Capability of Track and Field Athletes and Future Training Methods of Distance Running" (2015). Senior Independent Study Theses. Paper 6806. http://openworks.wooster.edu/independentstudy/6806 “When Were the Touch Pad Timers in Competitive Swimming Invented?” Sporting News, Quora, 20 Mar. 2015, www.sportingnews.com/other-sports/news/when-were-the-touchpad-timers-in-swimming-invented/1hawufwixczd81n4p8eepp4v9k. Accessed 28 Mar. 2017.
“History of Performance Enhancing Drugs in Sports.”Procon.org, Procon.org, 8 Oct. 2013, sportsanddrugs.procon.org/view.timeline.php?timelineID=000017. Accessed 28 Mar.
Scibek, J. S., Gatti, J. M., & Mckenzie, J. I. (2012). Into the Red Zone. Journal of Athletic Training, 47(4), 428-434.
The first case of performance enhancing drugs in sports came before the discovery of anabolic steroids and is believed to be that of a British road bicycle racer named Arthur Linton. At the age of twenty four, he died during a race between Bordeaux and Paris in 1886. Controversy then soon arose when he was believed to have taken a stimulant called trimethyl at the time of his death.
Whether it's Mark McGwire breaking the home run record, Terell Davis breaking the rushing record, or superstars retiring, Americans have always had a fascination with sports. Sports have provided entertainment even before radio or television. Sports provided many things for the fans that watched them. Sports allowed communities to grow stronger and provided great athletes to look up to. With the arrival of television sports took on a whole new meaning. Being able to watch a game together gave the community a new way to bond, giving individuals a visual image of their favorite athletes. The television also opened up the industry of commercialization. Sports, televison, and merchandising on television became a combination that continues even today.The community in the 1950's was like one big family. Children played in the streets, everyone knew everyone else on the block, and sports created unbreakable bonds. Children and their fathers, neighbors, and even complete strangers could always talk about sports. As televison began to fill American homes, neighbors flocked to each others house to watch different events. Even neighbors who loved different sides crowded around the television to watch the event. Whether it was baseball, wrestling, golf, roller derby, or another sport, television allowed the community to grow closer. It is estimated that one sporting event drew an audience of 150,000 viewers. This is remarkable considering there was only about 5,000 television sets in American homes. That is about 30 people per set! Sports and television did more than just bring the community closer together. Sports on television became so popular that merchandising became a booming business. Whether at a game or sitting in the living room, authentic merchandise was a must for any fan. Much like the merchandise in Karal Ann Marlings book As Seen On TV, the merchandising industry exploited the people.
Citius, Altius, Fortius is the motto of the Olympic games. Translated from Greek, it means "Faster, Higher, Stronger". Recently, Olympic contenders have been doing everything they can to live up to that motto. Most do it by training hour after hour, each day. Others try to do it by illegally taking performance enhancing drugs. This is why we need to test for drugs at the Olympics. Drug Testing in the Olympics began only recently in the 1968 Games held in Mexico1. Drugs are banned for two very good reasons: the use of drugs produces an unfair advantage, and it is hazardous to the athlete to take them. While drug testing is now commonplace, the procedures are still fairly primitive and arouse much controversy2. We all remember the Andreea Raducan situation from the Sydney Olympics. She unknowingly had consumed a performing enhancing drug that was in her cold medication. Her medal was revoked as soon as the drug test results got back.3 While Andreea was caught, many others who intentionally "doped up" weren't Many of the drugs or procedures out there, still can't be tested for, and more and more athletes are cheating. Most of the drugs and procedures have adverse long term effects, some resulting in death. The drug tests are detrimental to the existence of the Olympics and need to be upheld at all costs.
Lehmann, Manfred, Carl Foster, and Joseph Keul. "Overtraining in endurance athletes: a brief review." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (1993).
Print. The. Jane Laing, ed., pp. 113-117. Chronicle of the Olympics, 1896-1996. New York: DK Pub., 1996.
Did u know that there is a lot of history behind Olympic swimming? It is amazing how much history there is behind it. According to http://www.olympic.org/swimming-equipment-and-history. The swimming Olympics were started in 1896. The very first Olympic events were free style (crawl) or breaststroke. Backstroke was added in 1904. In the 1940s, breaststroke swimmers discovered they could go faster by bring both arms forward over their heads. Ur body is longer when you do that. This practice was immediately forbidden in breaststro...
Scott, Michael. “The Use of Performance-Enhancing Drugs in Sports.” The Use of performance-Enhancing Drugs in Sports. San Joaquin Delta College, 2008. Web. 19 June 2013.
Endurance running is a rewarding experience that puts to test an athlete’s courage, perseverance and determination. It is a marvelous wonder how the human body, with the proper conditioning and mental focus, could achieve such tasking running distance. Elite runners complete the marathon course in just over 2 hours, while the average runner completes it in about 4.5 hours. It’s difficult to comprehend how someone could run, consistently, for 4.5 hours.The actual marathon is simply a formality as the journey starts the day training begins. The outcome, the day of the marathon, is dependent on how successful the training program was executed. Long distance runners are the biggest advocates of the sport, always convincing others to jump on the training wagon. However, some runners, while they refuse to admit it, ponder if the effects of long distance running could be doing more damage than good. It is true that long distance running is potentially dangerous to the heart; however, research suggests that physician examination, as well as proper mechanics and posture during the training phase would ensure an enjoyable journey towards reaching an endurance goal injury free and would even benefit the heart in the long run.
06 Jan. 2014. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9780470510544.ch70/summary>. Haugen, Kjetil K. "Why We Shouldn’t Allow Performance Enhancing Drugs in Sport." Academia.edu. Academia.edu, 1 Apr. 2011.
...thlete under twenty-four hour surveillance is neither feasible nor lawful. Only when there are more accurate tests can the enforcement of drug rules and regulations be possible. As more sophisticated tests come to market, fewer drugs will escape detection. With the limited ability of current techniques to catch athletes red-handed, pressure must be put on the athletic community to reject doping. Until the athletic community refuses doping as a means to an end, little can be done to stop it from happening.
For the past few years there has been a very controversy issue that has been plaguing the Summer Olympics. The Summer Olympics was first held in 1896, it’s an international multi-sport where athletes around the world come to compete with other athletes from different countries. There are many events that are held in the Summer Olympics ranging from Track and Field all the way to Volleyball and Basketball. In each Olympic event there are medals that earned to the winners, the first place winners get a gold medal, the second place winners get a silver medal, and the third place winners gets a bronze medal.
The greatest athletes of all time have their names set in stone. Every year a new star comes out of the shadows and becomes the focus of global interest. Nations back their athletes financially to ensure they receive a medal. Winning gold in the Olympics Games is seen as the highest honor an athlete can achieve because of its prestigious image. The Olympics have not always been about the athletes. Nations competing have been victims of political scandals. When one country goes against another country, some people do not only view it as a fight for gold, but as a war amongst nations. Soccer fields have become battlegrounds and players, soldiers. Swimming pools turn into bloodbaths, and tennis court nets as do territorial partitions. Since the early 1900s, governments have used the Olympics to prove that their nation is superior by spending more on athletic ability, more on Olympic stadiums, and more on defeating their rivals. At times, athletes can be pushed so far that they collapse under the pressure of chasing for gold. All of the above will be discoursed from a financial, political, and historical point of view.
In 1894 the Modern Olympic Games were created in order to gain back popularity for France that was lost during the Franco-Prussian War but since then countries have found themselves slipping into the Political Olympics. In 777 B.C. the Ancient Olympics were created in order to show the athletic abilities and the evolution of humans and to encourage peace among the cities of Greece. The Modern Olympics were created in the late 1800’s in order to redeem France after their loss in the Franco-Prussian War, since that point the Games have been politically motivated. The Olympics bring increased public attention and publicity to the country hosting them. China, Germany, and Russia along with many other countries have used this to their advantage throughout the years. Political issues between countries around the time of the Olympics have an effect on the Games, despite attempts to keep the two separate. The Olympics serve as the perfect opportunity for countries to demonstrate where they stand on certain political conflicts. Since the beginning of the Modern Olympic Games the focus has been less on athletic ability and more on political disputes and gaining prestige causing countries to abuse the Olympics by hosting them only for the political advantage, turning them into a political battlefield filled with boycotts and discrimination.
Doping rids the true athletes of what they truly deserve and is wrong; because why should those who put in a hundred per cent of their effort, be outshone by individuals who are choosing to use substances to enhance their physical and mental abilities? Doping damages the sports industry as a whole because it has a serious physical and mental effects on the athletes, as well as damaging the idea of sportsmanship and it also breaks the trust of the fans, as they realise their idols are hypocrites. Doping in sports dates back to the ancient Greek times (need ref here). There are anti-doping agencies worldwide in virtually every country. In Switzerland its anti-doping Switzerland, in Nigeria it’s the Nigerian national anti-doping committee and in the UK its UK anti-doping.